Java&Selenium 鼠标键盘及滚动条控制相关方法封装

一、摘要

本片博文主要展示在使用Selenium with java做web自动化时，一些不得不模拟鼠标操作、模拟键盘操作和控制滚动条的java代码

二、模拟鼠标操作

package util;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

public class MouseUtil {
    /**
     * 模拟鼠标左键单击
     * @param driver
     * @param xpathExpression
     */
    public void lefClick(WebDriver driver, String xpathExpression) {
        Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
        // 鼠标左键在当前停留的位置做单击操作
        actions.click();
        // 鼠标左键点击指定的元素
        actions.click(driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpathExpression)));
    }

    /**
     * 模拟鼠标右键单击
     * @param driver
     * @param xpathExpression
     */
    public void rightClick(WebDriver driver, String xpathExpression) {
        Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
        // 鼠标右键在当前停留的位置做单击操作
        actions.contextClick();
        // 鼠标右键点击指定的元素
        actions.contextClick(driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpathExpression)));
    }

    /**
     * 模拟鼠标左键双击
     * @param driver
     * @param xpathExpression
     */
    public void doubleClick(WebDriver driver, String xpathExpression) {
        Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
        // 鼠标在当前停留的位置做双击操作
        actions.doubleClick();
        // 鼠标双击指定的元素
        actions.doubleClick(driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpathExpression)));

    }

    /**
     * 模拟鼠标拖拽
     * @param driver
     * @param source
     * @param target
     */
    public void dragAction(WebDriver driver, WebElement source, WebElement target) {
        Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
        // 鼠标拖拽动作，将 source 元素拖放到 target 元素的位置
        actions.dragAndDrop(source, target);
    }

    /**
     * 模拟鼠标拖拽到某坐标
     * @param driver
     * @param source
     * @param xOffset
     * @param yOffset
     */
    public void dragtoXY(WebDriver driver, WebElement source, int xOffset, int yOffset) {
        Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
        // 鼠标拖拽动作，将 source 元素拖放到 (xOffset, yOffset) 位置，其中 xOffset 为横坐标，yOffset 为纵坐标
        actions.dragAndDropBy(source, xOffset, yOffset);

    }

    /**
     * 模拟鼠标拖拽从元素A到元素B
     * @param driver
     * @param source
     * @param target
     */
    public void dragActionReleaseMouse(WebDriver driver, WebElement source, WebElement target) {
        Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
        // 鼠标拖拽动作，将 source 元素拖放到 target 元素的位置
        actions.clickAndHold(source).moveToElement(target).perform();
        actions.release();
    }

    /**
     * 模拟鼠标单击并不释放
     * @param driver
     * @param element
     */
    public void clickAndHole(WebDriver driver, WebElement element) {
        Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
        //action.clickAndHold();鼠标悬停在当前位置，既点击并且不释放
        // 鼠标悬停在 onElement 元素的位置
        actions.clickAndHold(element);
    }

    /**
     * 模拟鼠标拖拽
     * @param driver
     * @param xOffset
     * @param yOffset
     */
    public void moveToXY(WebDriver driver, int xOffset, int yOffset){
        Actions actions = new Actions(driver);
        /**将鼠标移到元素 toElement 的 (xOffset, yOffset) 位置，这里的 (xOffset, yOffset) 是以元素 toElement 的左上角为 (0,0) 开始的 (x, y) 坐标轴
         *action.moveToElement(toElement,xOffset,yOffset)
         *以鼠标当前位置或者 (0,0) 为中心开始移动到 (xOffset, yOffset) 坐标轴*/
        actions.moveByOffset(xOffset, yOffset);
        actions.release();// 释放鼠标
    }
}

三、模拟键盘操作

package util;
import java.awt.AWTException;
import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.datatransfer.StringSelection;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class KeyBoardUtil {
    /**Tab键封装*/
    public static void pressTabKey(){
        Robot robot = null;
        try{
            robot = new Robot();
        }catch (AWTException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //调用keypress方法来实现按下Tab键
        assert robot != null;
        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);
        //调用keyrelease方法来实现释放Tab键
        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_TAB);
    }
    /**Enter键封装*/
    public static void pressEnterKey(){
        Robot robot = null;
        try{
            robot = new Robot();
        }catch (AWTException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //调用keypress方法来实现按下Enter键
        assert robot != null;
        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);
        //调用keyrelease方法来实现释放Enter键
        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);
    }
    /**将指定字符串设为剪切板内容，执行黏贴操作
     *将页面焦点切换到输入框后，调用此函数，将指定字符串黏贴到输入框
     */
    public static void setAndctrlVClipboardData(String string){
        StringSelection stringSelection = new StringSelection(string);
        Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(stringSelection, null);
        Robot robot = null;
        try{
            robot = new Robot();
        }catch (AWTException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        assert robot != null;
        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);
        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);
        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
    }

    /**
     * 键盘向下键封装
     */
    public static void pressDownKey(){
        Robot robot = null;
        try{
            robot = new Robot();
        }catch (AWTException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        assert robot != null;
        robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN);
        robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN);
    }
}

四、控制滚动条

package util;
import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

public class ScrollBarUtil {
    /**
     * 控制滚动条向下拉到底
     * @param driver 浏览器驱动
     */
    public static void toBottom(WebDriver driver) {
        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        //向下拉到底//
        js.executeScript("document.documentElement.scrollTop=10000");
    }

    /**
     * 控制滚动条向上拉到顶
     * @param driver 浏览器驱动
     */
    public static void toTop(WebDriver driver) {
        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        //向上拉到顶
        js.executeScript("document.documentElement.scrollTop=0");
    }

    /**
     * 控制滚动条向下拉到底
     * @param driver 浏览器驱动
     */
    public static void scrolltoBottom(WebDriver driver) {
        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        //向下拉到底
        js.executeScript("window.scrollTo(0,100000)");
    }

    /**
     * 控制滚动条向上拉到顶
     * @param driver 浏览器驱动
     */
    public static void scrolltoTop(WebDriver driver) {
        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        //向上拉到顶
        js.executeScript("window.scrollTo(0,1)");
    }

    /**
     * 控制滚动条拉到中间
     * @param driver 浏览器驱动
     */
    public static void verticaltoMiddle(WebDriver driver) {
        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        //上下拉到中间
        js.executeScript("window.scrollBy(0, 0-document.body.scrollHeight *1/2)");
    }

    /**
     * 控制水平滚动条左右拉到中间
     * @param driver 浏览器驱动
     */
    public static void horizontaltoMiddle(WebDriver driver) {
        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        //左右拉到中间
        js.executeScript("window.scrollBy(0, 0-document.body.scrollWidht *1/2)");
    }

    /**
     * 控制滚动条拉到元素可见
     * @param driver 浏览器驱动
     * @param element 页面元素定位
     */
    public static void scrolltoPresence(WebDriver driver, WebElement element) {
        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
        //移动到元素element对象的“顶端”与当前窗口的“顶部”对齐
        //js.executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView();", element);
        js.executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", element);
        //移动到元素element对象的“底端”与当前窗口的“底部”对齐
        //js.executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(false);", element);
    }

    /**
     * 使用JavaScript的ScrollTo函数和document.body.scrollHeight参数
     * 将页面滚动到最下方
     * @param driver 浏览器驱动
     */
    public static void scrollingToBottomofPage(WebDriver driver){
        ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight)");
        try{
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        }catch (InterruptedException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 使用JavaScript的ScrollTo函数，使用0和800的横纵坐标参数
     * 将页面的滚动条纵向下滑800个像素
     * @param driver 浏览器驱动
     */
    public static void scrollingByCoordinateofPage(WebDriver driver){

        ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("window.scrollBy(0,200)");
        try{
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        }catch (InterruptedException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}