GRANT/SELECT View时的遭遇ORA-01720和ORA-01031错误

关于创建视图遇到ORA-01031错误信息，请参考我以前整理的一篇文章Create view failed with ORA-01031:insufficient privileges，本来以为我那篇文章已经已经囊括了很多案例，但是今天遇到一个特殊案例，折腾了我比较久。下面通过几个例子来演示一下遭遇ORA-01031的来龙去脉。

在测试环境准备两个用户dm、ods并授予一定的权限，准备好我们演示的案例。

SQL> show user;

USER is "SYS"

SQL> create user dm identified by dm;

User created.

SQL> create user ods identified by ods;

User created.

SQL> grant connect , resource to dm;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant create view to dm;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant connect , resource to ods;

Grant succeeded.

案例1： 将VIEW的SELECT权限授予其它用户时，遭遇ORA-01720错误

SQL> conn ods/ods

Connected.

SQL> create table department

  2  (

  3      dept_id        number(10)  ,

  4      dept_name      varchar2(12) 

  5  );

Table created.

SQL> grant select on department to dm;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> conn dm/dm

Connected.

SQL> create table employee

  2  (

  3      employee_id    number(10)  ,

  4      employee_name  varchar2(32),

  5      dept_id        number(10)

  6  );

Table created.

SQL> show user

USER is "DM"

SQL> create table employee

  2  (

  3      employee_id      number(10)  ,

  4      employee_name    varchar2(32),

  5      dept_id          number(10)

  6  );

Table created.

SQL> select * from v_test;

no rows selected

SQL> grant select on dm.v_test to ods;

grant select on dm.v_test to ods

                   *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01720: grant option does not exist for 'ODS.DEPARTMENT'

出现这个错误，是因为用户ods将表DEPARTMENT的SELECT权限授予了用户dm，而dm将试图v_test的查询权限授予ods时，也试图将表DEPARTMENT授予用户ods,但是dm并没有这个权限（是不是很绕口），其实解决这个问题很简单，即在授权时要使用WITH GRANT OPTION，如下所示即可解决：

SQL> conn ods/ods 

Connected.

SQL> grant select on department to dm with grant option;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> conn dm/dm;

Connected.

SQL> grant select on dm.v_test to ods;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> conn ods/ods

Connected.

SQL> select * from dm.v_test;

no rows selected

案例2： 将VIEW授权给其它用户（sys账号下），查询时遭遇ORA-01031: insufficient privileges

SQL> show user;

USER is "ODS"

SQL> create or replace function get_deptcode( departname varchar2) return varchar2

  2  as

  3  dept_code varchar2(2);

  4  begin

  5     select substr(departname,1,1) into dept_code from dual;

  6     return dept_code;

  7  end;

  8  /

Function created.

SQL> grant execute on get_deptcode to dm;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> conn dm/dm

Connected.

SQL> create or replace view v_test

  2  as

  3     select e.employee_id

  4           ,e.employee_name

  5           ,(select ods.get_deptcode(d.dept_name) from dual) dept_code

  6     from employee e

  7     inner join ods.department d on e.dept_id =d.dept_id;

View created.

SQL> select * from v_test;

no rows selected

以sys登录授权ods拥有查询视图的权限，之所以用sys执行授权，而不用对应账号dm，是因为我发布脚本时，一般都用sys账号发布，结果就遭遇了比较隐秘的ORA-01031错误。

SQL> conn sys as sysdba

Enter password: 

Connected.

SQL> grant select on dm.v_test to ods;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> conn ods/ods

Connected.

SQL> select * from dm.v_test;

select * from dm.v_test

                 *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01031: insufficient privileges

如果以dm账号登录，将视图v_test的权限授予给ods，就能发现这个错误，而以sys账号操作，反而隐藏了该错误。如下所示

SQL> conn dm/dm

Connected.

SQL> grant select on v_test to ods;

grant select on v_test to ods

                *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01720: grant option does not exist for 'ODS.GET_DEPTCODE'

SQL> conn ods/ods

Connected.

SQL> grant execute on ODS.GET_DEPTCODE to dm with grant option;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> conn dm/dm

Connected.

SQL> grant select on v_test to ods;

Grant succeeded.