vsftp的安装与配置

1.安装

直接使用yum安装，如果没有网络在其他机器使用yum先离线下载即可，vsftpd一般就自己不需要装其他依赖包

rpm -qa|grep vsftpd　　#查看是否安装

yum install -y vsftpd　　#安装

2.修改配置

一般要修改以下项，配置文件路径：/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

anonymous_enable=NO     #不允许匿名登录，默认允许

chroot_list_enable=YES      #不允许用户离开主目录，默认允许

另外确认以下配置未被注释或修改：

local_enable=YES       #虚拟账户最终要借用宿主账号，如果为NO则宿主账号不可登录，虚拟账号最终也不可登录

pam_service_name=vsftpd #指定vsftpd登录时的认证配置文件名称，目录在/etc/pam.d

3.启停

service vsftpd start　　#启动

service vsftpd stop　　#停止

4.增加虚拟账号

ftp默认使用所有系统账号，在较多情况下我们希望添加ftp的账号但不添加系统账号，这便是ftp虚拟账号

4.1修改配置文件启用虚拟账号功能

启用虚拟账号功能，修改配置文件/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf，在其末尾追加：

guest_enable=YES   #启用虚拟账号功能

guest_username=ftp #虚拟账号在系统的宿主用户，vsftpd安装时已自动创建

user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd/vuser_conf #虚拟账号配置文件要存放在的目录

4.2安装db_load命令所在包

yum install -y db4-utils

4.3创建虚拟用户

创建/etc/vsftpd/vuser_passwd.txt文件，在其中输入用户名密码奇数行是用户名，用户名下一行为该用户的密码（文件名其实随便，用来生成vuser_passwd.db而已）

cat > /etc/vsftpd/vuser_passwd.txt << EOF

test

abcd1234

EOF

生成用户认证使用的db文件（除了后辍为.db文件名其实随便，/etc/pam.d/vsftpd中指定的认证文件与此相同即可）

db_load -T -t hash -f /etc/vsftpd/vuser_passwd.txt /etc/vsftpd/vuser_passwd.db

编缉/etc/pam.d/vsftpd，在最前边插入以下两行（注意是在最前边插入，也不要注释原来的配置；注释原来的配置追加只有虚拟账号可登录系统账号不可登录；不注释原来的配置追加只有系统用户可登录虚拟用户不可登录）

auth sufficient pam_userdb.so db=/etc/vsftpd/vuser_passwd

account sufficient pam_userdb.so db=/etc/vsftpd/vuser_passwd

创建虚拟用户配置文件（在前边我们已指定配置文件目录为/etc/vsftpd/vuser_conf，用户为test）

mkdir /etc/vsftpd/vuser_conf/

mkdir /tmp/test

cat > /etc/vsftpd/vuser_conf/test <<EOF

local_root=/tmp/test

write_enable=YES

anon_umask=

anon_world_readable_only=NO

anon_upload_enable=YES

anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

anon_other_write_enable=YES

EOF

重启vsftpd生效

service vsftpd restart

5.chroot_local_user和chroot_list_enable在取不同值时chroot_list_file作用的说明

各参数说明都是在vsftpd.conf中都是比较清楚的；但可能一项配置涉及多个参数时各参数的意思有时不好理解。

解释一下配置锁定用户在家目录下相关参数含义：

chroot_local_user	chroot_list_enable	chroot_list_file
YES	YES	表中为不锁用户
YES	NO	表无效，全锁
NO	YES	表中为被锁用户
NO	NO	表无效，全不锁

userlist_enable	userlist_deny	userlist_file
YES	YES	表中为禁止ftp登录用户
YES	NO	表中为允许ftp登录用户
NO	YES	表无效
NO	NO	表无效

6.附录--vsftpd.conf原始内容

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

#

# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file

# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.

# Please see vsftpd.conf. for all compiled in defaults.

#

# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.

# Please read the vsftpd.conf. manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's

# capabilities.

#

# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).

anonymous_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.

local_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.

write_enable=YES

#

# Default umask for local users is . You may wish to change this to ,

# if your users expect that ( is used by most other ftpd's)

local_umask=

#

# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only

# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will

# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.

#anon_upload_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create

# new directories.

#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

#

# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they

# go into a certain directory.

dirmessage_enable=YES

#

# The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.

# This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter

xferlog_enable=YES

#

# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port  (ftp-data).

connect_from_port_20=YES

#

# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by

# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not

# recommended!

#chown_uploads=YES

#chown_username=whoever

#

# The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES

# WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log

#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog

#

# Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.

# NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file

xferlog_std_format=YES

#

# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.

#idle_session_timeout=

#

# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.

#data_connection_timeout=

#

# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the

# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.

#nopriv_user=ftpsecure

#

# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not

# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,

# however, may confuse older FTP clients.

#async_abor_enable=YES

#

# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore

# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII

# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.

# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service

# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd

# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the

# raw file.

# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.

#ascii_upload_enable=YES

#ascii_download_enable=YES

#

# You may fully customise the login banner string:

#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.

#

# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently

# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.

#deny_email_enable=YES

# (default follows)

#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails

#

# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home

# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of

# users to NOT chroot().

#chroot_local_user=YES

#chroot_list_enable=YES

# (default follows)

#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list

#

# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by

# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large

# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume

# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.

#ls_recurse_enable=YES

#

# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and

# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction

# with the listen_ipv6 directive.

listen=YES

#

# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6

# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.

# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!

#listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd

userlist_enable=YES

tcp_wrappers=YES

参考：

http://blog.csdn.net/lcathm/article/details/48312771

http://www.chinaunix.net/old_jh/15/658533.html