iOS 高阶

1.UIStoryBoard

2. segue跳转传值

3. UIColor配色

//1. 十进制配色

[UIColor colorWithRed:163.0/255.0 green:148.0/255.0 blue:128.0/255.0 alpha:1.0];

//2. 设置16进制颜色(同上)

[UIColor colorWithRed:0xba/255.0 green:0x21/255.0 blue:0xd5/255.0 alpha:1.0];

4. XML解析

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface Person : NSObject

@property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *pid;

@property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *name;

@property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *sex;

@property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *age;

@end

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#import "Person.h"

@interface XMLUtil : NSObject<NSXMLParserDelegate>

@property(nonatomic,strong) NSXMLParser *par;

@property(nonatomic,strong) Person *person;

//存放每个person

@property(nonatomic,strong) NSMutableArray *list;

//标记当前标签,以索引找到XML文件的内容

@property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *currentElement;

//声明parse方法,通过它实现解析

-(void)parse;

@end

@implementation XMLUtil

-(instancetype)init {

self = [super init];

if (self) {

//获取事先准备好的XML文件

NSBundle *b = [NSBundle mainBundle];

NSString *path = [b pathForResource:@"test" ofType:@".xml"];

NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:path];

self.par = [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithData:data];

//添加代理

self.par.delegate = self;

//初始化数组,存放解析后的数据

self.list = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:5];

}

return self;

}

//几个代理方法的实现,是按逻辑上的顺序排列的,但实际调用过程中中间三个可能因为循环等问题乱掉顺序

//(1).开始解析

-(void)parseDiaStartCocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser {

NSLog(@"parserDidStartDocument...");

}

//(2).准备节点

-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didStartElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName attributes:(NSDictionary<NSString *,NSString *> *)attributeDict {

self.currentElement = elementName;

if ([self.currentElement isEqualToString:@"student"]) {

self.person = [[Person alloc] init];

}

}

//(3). 获取节点内容

-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser foundCharacters:(NSString *)string {

if ([self.currentElement isEqualToString:@"pid"]) {

[self.person setPid:string];

}else if ([self.currentElement isEqualToString:@"name"]) {

[self.person setName:string];

}else if ([self.currentElement isEqualToString:@"sex"]) {

[self.person setSex:string];

}else if ([self.currentElement isEqualToString:@"age"]) {

[self.person setAge:string];

}

}

//(4). 解析完一个节点

-(void)parseDidEndDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser {

NSLog(@"parserDidEndDocument...");

}

//外部调用借口

-(void)parse {

[self.par parse];

}

@end

5. JSON解析

//1. Json数据封包

NSDictionary *dic = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"value1",@"key1",@"value2",@"key2",@"value3",@"key3", nil];

//isValidJSONSerialization判断对象是否可以构建成json对象

if ([NSJSONSerialization isValidJSONObject:dic]) {

NSError *error;

//创建一个json从Data,NSJSONWritingPrettyPrinted指定的JSON数据产的空白,使输出更具可读性

NSData *jsonData = [NSJSONSerialization dataWithJSONObject:dic options:NSJSONWritingPrettyPrinted error:&error];

NSString *json = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:jsonData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

NSLog(@"json data:%@",json);

}

//2. Json数据解析

NSError *error;

//加载一个NSURL对象

NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://m.weather.com.cn/data/101120101.html"]];

//将请求的url数据放到NSData对象中

NSData *response = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:nil error:nil];

//IOS自带解析类NSJSONSerialization从response中解析出数据放到字典中 - crash here - TBD

NSDictionary *weatherDic = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:response options:NSJSONReadingMutableLeaves error:&error];

NSDictionary *weatherInfo = [weatherDic objectForKey:@"weatherinfo"];

//    NSDictionary *text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"今天是%@ %@ %@ 的天气状况是:%@ %@",

//                          [weatherInfo objectForKey:@"day_y"],

//                          [weatherInfo objectForKey:@"week"],

//                          [weatherInfo objectForKey:@"city"],

//                          [weatherInfo objectForKey:@"weather1"],

//                          [weatherInfo objectForKey:@"temp1"]];

NSDictionary *text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"今天是 %@ %@ %@ 的天气状况是: %@ %@",[weatherInfo objectForKey:@"day_y"],[weatherInfo objectForKey:@"week"],[weatherInfo objectForKey:@"city"],[weatherInfo objectForKey:@"weather1"],[weatherInfo objectForKey:@"temp1"]

];

NSLog(@"weatherInfo: %@",text);

6. 多线程

////    1.NSThread - 苹果封装后,并且完全面向对象

//    //(1). 先创建线程类,在启动

//    //创建

//    NSThread *thread = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(run:) object:nil];

//

//    //启动

//    [thread start];

//

//    //(2). 创建并启动

//    [NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(run:) toTarget:self withObject:nil];

//2. GCD - 苹果为多核的并行运算提出的解决方案

//在GCD中,加入了2个非常重要的概念:任务和队列.

//队列:分串行和并行2种

//(1). 主队列:用于刷新UI

//创建

//    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_main_queue();

//(2).自己创建的队列:用于耗时渐咋

//串行队列

//    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("tk.bourne.testQueue", NULL);

//并行队列

//    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("tk.courne.testQueue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);

//(3). 全局并行队列:只要是并行队列任务一般都加入到这个队列,这是系统提供的一个并发队列

dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL, 0);

//任务:分同步和异步两种

//(1).同步任务:不会另开线程,会阻塞当前线程

dispatch_sync(queue, ^{

//code here

});

//(2).异步任务:会另开线程,不会阻塞当前线程

dispatch_sync(queue, ^{

//code here

});

//3. NSOperation和NSOperationQueue

/*

对GCD的封装,完全面向对象,NSOperation和NSOperationQueue分别对应GCD的任务和队列。

操作步骤:  1. 将要执行的任务封装到一个NSOperation对象中.

2. 将此任务添加到一个NSOperationQueue对象中.

注意:NSOperation只是一个抽象类,所以不能封装任务。但它有2个子类用于封装任务。

分别是:NSInvocationOperation 和 NSBlockOperation。创建一个Operation后,

需要调用start方法来启动任务,它会默认在当前队列同步执行。当然可以在中途取消一个任务,

只需要调用起cancel方法即可.

*/

//NSInvocationOperation:需要传入一个方法名

//1.创建NSInvocation对象

//    NSInvocationOperation *operation = [[NSInvocationOperation alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(run) object:nil];

//

//    //2.开始执行

//    [operation start];

//1.创建NSBlockOperation对象

NSBlockOperation *operation = [NSBlockOperation blockOperationWithBlock:^{

}];

//可以添加多个block

for (NSInteger i = 0; i < 5; i ++ ) {

[operation addExecutionBlock:^{

NSLog(@"第%ld次: %@",i,[NSThread currentThread]);

}];

}

//2.开始执行

[operation start];

7.动画效果

8. NSUserDefaults

//.简介

/*

NSUserDefaults是一个单例

他可以用于数据的永久保存,而且简单实用,这是它可以让数据自由传递的一个前提,

也是大家喜欢用它保存简单数据的一个主要原因.

*/

//1. NSUserDefaults

// NSUserDefaults支持的数据类型有: NSNumber(NSInteger、float、double),NSString、NSDate、NSArray、NSDictionary、BOOL;

//将NSString对象存储到NSUserDefaults中

//    NSString *passWord = @"123456";

//    NSUserDefaults *user = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];

//    [user setObject:passWord forKey:@"userPassWord"];

//将数据取出来

NSUserDefaults *user = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];

NSString *passWord = [user objectForKey:@"userPassWord"];

//2.NSUserDefaults存储对象

//NSUserDafaults本身不支持自定义对象的存储,不过它支持NSData的类型,所以可以选择使用归档,将自定义对象转为NSData类型后存入NSUserDefaults.

//(1).将Student类的数据归档

//(2).将Student对象存入NSUserDefaults

Student *student = [[Student alloc] int];

student.name = @"ladyO";

student.sex = @"女";

NSData *data = [NSKeyedArchiver archivedDataWithRootObject:student];

NSUserDefaults *user = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];

[user setObject:data forKey:@"oneStudent"];

//(3).从NSUserDefaults取出Student对象

NSUserDefaults *user = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];

NSData *data = [user objectForKey:@"oncStudent"];

Student *student = [NSKeyedArchiver unarchiveObjectWithData:data];

9. 网络请求