广州商学院Python正方教务系统爬虫(获取个人信息成绩课表修改密码)

使用python的requests库简单爬取,使用xpath解析内容

可以获取个人信息、个人照片、成绩单和课表

github地址：https://github.com/PythonerKK/GZCC-Spider

首先使用浏览器开发者调试工具找到登录页面的准确地址：http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/default2.aspx

然后找到验证码的地址：http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/CheckCode.aspx

将验证码保存让用户输入即可

登录时发送POST请求，需要注意要提交一个叫__VIEWSTATE的字段，并且要携带cookies

发送POST后，如果登录成功则返回用户页面，判断即可

__VIEWSTATE=re.compile('name="__VIEWSTATE" value="(.*?)"').findall(data.text)[0]
resource=requests.post(login_url,data=post_data,cookies=cookies,headers=headers).text
    if '活动报名' in resource:
        print('登录成功！')
        dom_tree=etree.HTML(resource)
        name=dom_tree.xpath('//span[@id="xhxm"]/text()')
        name=name[0]
        print('欢迎回来 '+name)
        return (cookies,name.split('同')[0])
    else:
        print('登录失败！')
        exit(0)

登录成功，输出：xxx同学，你好！

接下来需要获取个人信息、个人照片、成绩单

原理同上，注意携带cookies，成绩页面获取还需要携带__VIEWSTATE字段

效果如下：

全部代码：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
    :author: KK
    :url: http://github.com/PythonerKK
    :copyright: © 2018 KK <705555262@qq.com.com>
    :license: MIT, see LICENSE for more details.
"""
import requests
import re
from lxml import etree
from urllib.request import quote
import csv
def login(username,password):
    '''
    登录方正教务系统（广州商学院）
    :param username: 学号
    :param password: 密码
    :return: tuple(cookies,name) 返回一个元组
    '''
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.110 Safari/537.36',
    }
    login_url = 'http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/default2.aspx'
    checkcode_url = 'http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/CheckCode.aspx'
    data=requests.get(login_url)
    __VIEWSTATE=re.compile('name="__VIEWSTATE" value="(.*?)"').findall(data.text)[0]
    cookies=data.cookies
    checkcode=requests.get(checkcode_url,cookies=cookies,headers=headers)
    with open('checkcode.jpg','wb') as f:
        f.write(checkcode.content)
    code=input('请输入验证码：')
    while '-' in code:
        checkcode = requests.get(checkcode_url, cookies=cookies, headers=headers)
        with open('checkcode.jpg', 'wb') as f:
            f.write(checkcode.content)
        code = input('请重新输入验证码：')
    post_data={
        '__VIEWSTATE':__VIEWSTATE,
        'txtUserName':username,
        'Textbox1':'',
        'TextBox2':password,
        'txtSecretCode':code,
        'RadioButtonList1':'%D1%A7%C9%FA',
        'Button1':'',
        'lbLanguage':'',
        'hidPdrs':'',
        'hidsc':'',
    }
    resource=requests.post(login_url,data=post_data,cookies=cookies,headers=headers).text
    if '活动报名' in resource:
        print('登录成功！')
        dom_tree=etree.HTML(resource)
        name=dom_tree.xpath('//span[@id="xhxm"]/text()')
        name=name[0]
        print('欢迎回来 '+name)
        return (cookies,name.split('同')[0])
    else:
        print('登录失败！')
        exit(0)
def get_information(cookies,username,name):
    '''
    获取个人信息，并导出照片
    :param cookies: cookies
    :param username: 学号
    :param name: 姓名
    :return: None
    '''
    #获取用户个人信息
    headers={
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.110 Safari/537.36',
        'Referer':'http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/xs_main.aspx?xh='+username
    }
    information_url='http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/xsgrxx.aspx?xh='+username+'&xm='+name+'&gnmkdm=N121501'
    data=requests.get(information_url,cookies=cookies,headers=headers)
    dom_tree=etree.HTML(data.text)
    sex=dom_tree.xpath('//span[@id="lbl_xb"]/text()')[0]
    born=dom_tree.xpath('//span[@id="lbl_csrq"]/text()')[0]
    id=dom_tree.xpath('//span[@id="lbl_sfzh"]/text()')[0]
    race=dom_tree.xpath('//span[@id="lbl_mz"]/text()')[0]
    polity=dom_tree.xpath('//span[@id="lbl_zzmm"]/text()')[0]
    academic=dom_tree.xpath('//span[@id="lbl_xy"]/text()')[0]
    xi=dom_tree.xpath('//span[@id="lbl_xi"]/text()')[0]
    major=dom_tree.xpath('//span[@id="lbl_zymc"]/text()')[0]
    c=dom_tree.xpath('//span[@id="lbl_pyfx"]/text()')[0]
    edu=dom_tree.xpath('//span[@id="lbl_CC"]/text()')[0]
    phone=dom_tree.xpath('//input[@name="TELNUMBER"]/@value')[0]
    school=dom_tree.xpath('//input[@name="byzx"]/@value')[0]
    dorm=dom_tree.xpath('//input[@name="ssh"]/@value')[0]
    email=dom_tree.xpath('//input[@name="dzyxdz"]/@value')[0]
    loc_code=dom_tree.xpath('//input[@name="yzbm"]/@value')[0]
    #获取用户照片
    headers_image={
        'Accept':'image/webp,image/apng,image/*,*/*;q=0.8',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.110 Safari/537.36',
        'Referer':'http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/xsgrxx.aspx?xh='+username+'&xm='+quote(name)+'&gnmkdm=N121501',
    }
    image_url=re.compile('img id="xszp" src="(.*?)"').findall(data.text)
    image_url='http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/'+image_url[0]
    image_url=image_url.replace('amp;','')
    image_data=requests.get(image_url,headers=headers_image,cookies=cookies)
    with open('photo.png', 'wb') as f:
        f.write(image_data.content)
        print('照片导出成功！')
    from docx import Document
    from docx.shared import Inches
    document = Document()
    document.styles['Normal'].font.name = u'黑体'
    document.add_heading(name+'的个人信息',0)
    pic = document.add_picture('photo.png', width=Inches(1.5))
    document.add_paragraph('个人资料')
    document.add_paragraph('姓名：'+name)
    document.add_paragraph('性别：' + sex)
    document.add_paragraph('出生：' + born)
    document.add_paragraph('身份证号：' + id)
    document.add_paragraph('种族：' + race)
    document.add_paragraph('政治面貌：' + polity)
    document.add_paragraph('系部：' + xi)
    document.add_paragraph('学院：' + academic)
    document.add_paragraph('专业：' + major)
    document.add_paragraph('班级：' + c)
    document.add_paragraph('学历：' + edu)
    document.add_paragraph('手机号：' + phone)
    document.add_paragraph('毕业高中：' + school)
    document.add_paragraph('宿舍号：' + dorm)
    document.add_paragraph('邮箱号：' + email)
    document.add_paragraph('邮编：' + loc_code)
    document.save(username+'个人信息.docx')
    print('个人资料导出成功！')
def get_curriculum(cookies,username,name):
    '''
    获取学生当前课表
    :param cookies:cookies
    :param username: 学号
    :param name: 姓名
    :return: None
    '''
    headers={
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.110 Safari/537.36',
        'Referer':'http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/xs_main.aspx?xh='+username
    }
    curriculum_url='http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/xskbcx.aspx?xh='+username+'&xm='+password+'&gnmkdm=N121603'
    data=requests.get(curriculum_url,cookies=cookies,headers=headers)
    # import lxml
    # dom_tree=etree.HTML(data.text)
    # curriculum=dom_tree.xpath('//table[@id="Table1"]')
    print(data.text)
def get_score(cookies,username,name):
    '''
    获取所有考试成绩，并导出csv
    :param cookies: cookies
    :param username: 学号
    :param name: 姓名
    :return: Boolean
    '''
    headers={
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.110 Safari/537.36',
        'Referer':'http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/xs_main.aspx?xh='+username
    }
    first_url='http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/xscjcx.aspx?xh='+username+'&xm='+name+'&gnmkdm=N121605'
    data=requests.get(first_url,cookies=cookies,headers=headers)
    viewstate=re.compile('name="__VIEWSTATE" value="(.*?)"').findall(data.text)
    viewstate=viewstate[0]
    headers={
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.110 Safari/537.36',
        'Referer':'http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/xscjcx.aspx?xh='+username+'&xm='+quote(name)+'&gnmkdm=N121605'
    }
    print(headers)
    score_url='http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/xscjcx.aspx?xh='+username+'&xm='+name+'&gnmkdm=N121605'
    post_data={
        '__EVENTTARGET':'',
        '__EVENTARGUMENT':'',
        '__VIEWSTATE':viewstate,
        'hidLanguage':'',
        'ddlXN':'',
        'ddlXQ':'',
        'ddl_kcxz':'',
        'btn_zcj':'%C0%FA%C4%EA%B3%C9%BC%A8'
    }
    scores=requests.post(score_url,cookies=cookies,headers=headers,data=post_data)
    all=re.compile('<td>(.*?)</td><td>(\d+)</td><td>(.*?)</td><td>(.*?)</td><td>(.*?)</td><td>(.*?)</td><td>(.*?)</td><td>(.*?)</td><td>(.*?)</td><td>(.*?)</td><td>(.*?)</td><td>(.*?)</td><td>(.*?)</td><td></td><td></td>').findall(scores.text)
    for i in all:
        with open('score.csv', 'a', newline='') as f:
            try:
                csv_out=csv.writer(f,dialect='excel')
                csv_out.writerow([i[0],i[1],i[2],i[3],i[4],i[5].replace('&nbsp;',''),i[6],i[7],i[8],i[9].replace('&nbsp;',''),i[10].replace('&nbsp;',''),i[11].replace('&nbsp;',''),i[12].replace('&nbsp;','')])
            except Exception:
                print('导出失败！')
                return False
    print('成绩导出成功！')
    return True
def change_password(cookies,username,password,password1,password2):
    '''
    修改密码
    :param cookies: cookies
    :param username: 学号
    :param password: 原密码
    :param password1: 新密码
    :param password2: 再次输入新密码
    :return: None
    '''
    url='http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/mmxg.aspx?xh='+username+'&gnmkdm=N121502'
    headers={
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.110 Safari/537.36',
        'Referer':'http://jwxw.gzcc.cn/xs_main.aspx?xh='+username
    }
    data=requests.get(url,headers=headers,cookies=cookies)
    viewstate=re.compile('name="__VIEWSTATE" value="(.*?)"').findall(data.text)
    viewstate=viewstate[0]
    postdata={
        'Button1':'%D0%DE++%B8%C4',
        '__VIEWSTATE':viewstate,
        'TextBox2':password,
        'TextBox3':password1,
        'Textbox4':password2,
    }
    data=requests.post(url,data=postdata,cookies=cookies,headers=headers)
    print('密码修改成功！')
if __name__ == '__main__':
    print('广州商学院正方教务系统登录')
    username=input('请输入学号:')
    password=input('请输入密码:')
    cookies,name=login(username,password)
    #get_information(cookies,username,name)
    #get_curriculum(cookies,username,name)
    #get_score(cookies,username,name)
    #change_password(cookies,username,password,password1=password,password2=password)