java操作excel 工具类

java操作excel

　　可参考https://blog.csdn.net/xunwei0303/article/details/53213130

直接上代码：

一、java生成excel文件：

package com.excel;

public class Man {
    private String name;
    private int sex;
    private String idCard;
    private float salary;
    public Man(String name, int sex, String idCard, float salary) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.idCard = idCard;
        this.salary = salary;
    }  

    public Man() {
        super();
    }  

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getSex() {
        return sex;
    }
    public void setSex(int sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
    public String getIdCard() {
        return idCard;
    }
    public void setIdCard(String idCard) {
        this.idCard = idCard;
    }
    public float getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }
    public void setSalary(float salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }  

}  

package com.excel;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPalette;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;  

public class ExcelExportUtil {
    HttpServletResponse response;
    // 文件名
    private String fileName ;
    //文件保存路径
    private String fileDir;
    //sheet名
    private String sheetName;
    //表头字体
    private String titleFontType = "Arial Unicode MS";
    //表头背景色
    private String titleBackColor = "C1FBEE";
    //表头字号
    private short titleFontSize = 12;
    //添加自动筛选的列 如 A:M
    private String address = "";
    //正文字体
    private String contentFontType = "Arial Unicode MS";
    //正文字号
    private short contentFontSize = 12;
    //Float类型数据小数位
    private String floatDecimal = ".00";
    //Double类型数据小数位
    private String doubleDecimal = ".00";
    //设置列的公式
    private String colFormula[] = null;  

    DecimalFormat floatDecimalFormat=new DecimalFormat(floatDecimal);
    DecimalFormat doubleDecimalFormat=new DecimalFormat(doubleDecimal);  

    private HSSFWorkbook workbook = null;  

    public ExcelExportUtil(String fileDir,String sheetName){
         this.fileDir = fileDir;
         this.sheetName = sheetName;
         workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
    }  

    public ExcelExportUtil(HttpServletResponse response,String fileName,String sheetName){
         this.response = response;
         this.sheetName = sheetName;
         workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
    }
    /**
     * 设置表头字体.
     * @param titleFontType
     */
    public void setTitleFontType(String titleFontType) {
        this.titleFontType = titleFontType;
    }
    /**
     * 设置表头背景色.
     * @param titleBackColor 十六进制
     */
    public void setTitleBackColor(String titleBackColor) {
        this.titleBackColor = titleBackColor;
    }
    /**
     * 设置表头字体大小.
     * @param titleFontSize
     */
    public void setTitleFontSize(short titleFontSize) {
        this.titleFontSize = titleFontSize;
    }
    /**
     * 设置表头自动筛选栏位,如A:AC.
     * @param address
     */
    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
    /**
     * 设置正文字体.
     * @param contentFontType
     */
    public void setContentFontType(String contentFontType) {
        this.contentFontType = contentFontType;
    }
    /**
     * 设置正文字号.
     * @param contentFontSize
     */
    public void setContentFontSize(short contentFontSize) {
        this.contentFontSize = contentFontSize;
    }
    /**
     * 设置float类型数据小数位 默认.00
     * @param doubleDecimal 如 ".00"
     */
    public void setDoubleDecimal(String doubleDecimal) {
        this.doubleDecimal = doubleDecimal;
    }
    /**
     * 设置doubel类型数据小数位 默认.00
     * @param floatDecimalFormat 如 ".00
     */
    public void setFloatDecimalFormat(DecimalFormat floatDecimalFormat) {
        this.floatDecimalFormat = floatDecimalFormat;
    }
    /**
     * 设置列的公式
     * @param colFormula  存储i-1列的公式 涉及到的行号使用@替换 如A@+B@
     */
    public void setColFormula(String[] colFormula) {
        this.colFormula = colFormula;
    }
    /**
     * 写excel.
     * @param titleColumn  对应bean的属性名
     * @param titleName   excel要导出的表名
     * @param titleSize   列宽
     * @param dataList  数据
     * @param sheetName excel 页名
     */
    public void wirteExcel(String titleColumn[],String titleName[],int titleSize[],List<?> dataList, String sheetName){
        //添加Worksheet（不添加sheet时生成的xls文件打开时会报错)
        Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(this.sheetName);
        //新建文件
        OutputStream out = null;
        try {
            if(fileDir!=null){
                //有文件路径
                out = new FileOutputStream(fileDir);
            }else{
                //否则，直接写到输出流中
                out = response.getOutputStream();
                fileName = fileName+".xls";
                response.setContentType("application/x-msdownload");
                response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="
                        + URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
            }  

            //写入excel的表头
            Row titleNameRow = workbook.getSheet(sheetName).createRow(0);
            //设置样式
            HSSFCellStyle titleStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
            titleStyle = (HSSFCellStyle) setFontAndBorder(titleStyle, titleFontType, (short) titleFontSize);
            titleStyle = (HSSFCellStyle) setColor(titleStyle, titleBackColor, (short)10);  

            for(int i = 0;i < titleName.length;i++){
                sheet.setColumnWidth(i, titleSize[i]*256);    //设置宽度
                Cell cell = titleNameRow.createCell(i);
                cell.setCellStyle(titleStyle);
                cell.setCellValue(titleName[i].toString());
            }  

            //为表头添加自动筛选
            if(!"".equals(address)){
                CellRangeAddress c = (CellRangeAddress) CellRangeAddress.valueOf(address);
                sheet.setAutoFilter(c);
            }  

            //通过反射获取数据并写入到excel中
            if(dataList!=null&&dataList.size()>0){
                //设置样式
                HSSFCellStyle dataStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
                titleStyle = (HSSFCellStyle) setFontAndBorder(titleStyle, contentFontType, (short) contentFontSize);  

                if(titleColumn.length>0){
                    for(int rowIndex = 1;rowIndex<=dataList.size();rowIndex++){
                        Object obj = dataList.get(rowIndex-1);     //获得该对象
                        Class clsss = obj.getClass();     //获得该对对象的class实例
                        Row dataRow = workbook.getSheet(sheetName).createRow(rowIndex);
                        for(int columnIndex = 0;columnIndex<titleColumn.length;columnIndex++){
                            String title = titleColumn[columnIndex].toString().trim();
                            if(!"".equals(title)){  //字段不为空
                                //使首字母大写
                                String UTitle = Character.toUpperCase(title.charAt(0))+ title.substring(1, title.length()); // 使其首字母大写;
                                String methodName  = "get"+UTitle;  

                                // 设置要执行的方法
                                Method method = clsss.getDeclaredMethod(methodName);   

                                //获取返回类型
                                String returnType = method.getReturnType().getName();   

                                String data = method.invoke(obj)==null?"":method.invoke(obj).toString();
                                Cell cell = dataRow.createCell(columnIndex);
                                if(data!=null&&!"".equals(data)){
                                    if("int".equals(returnType)){
                                        cell.setCellValue(Integer.parseInt(data));
                                    }else if("long".equals(returnType)){
                                        cell.setCellValue(Long.parseLong(data));
                                    }else if("float".equals(returnType)){
                                        cell.setCellValue(floatDecimalFormat.format(Float.parseFloat(data)));
                                    }else if("double".equals(returnType)){
                                        cell.setCellValue(doubleDecimalFormat.format(Double.parseDouble(data)));
                                    }else{
                                        cell.setCellValue(data);
                                    }
                                }
                            }else{   //字段为空 检查该列是否是公式
                                if(colFormula!=null){
                                    String sixBuf = colFormula[columnIndex].replace("@", (rowIndex+1)+"");
                                    Cell cell = dataRow.createCell(columnIndex);
                                    cell.setCellFormula(sixBuf.toString());
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }  

                }
            }  

            workbook.write(out);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                out.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }  

    /**
     * 将16进制的颜色代码写入样式中来设置颜色
     * @param style  保证style统一
     * @param color 颜色：66FFDD
     * @param index 索引 8-64 使用时不可重复
     * @return
     */
    public CellStyle setColor(CellStyle style,String color,short index){
        if(color!=""&&color!=null){
            //转为RGB码
            int r = Integer.parseInt((color.substring(0,2)),16);   //转为16进制
            int g = Integer.parseInt((color.substring(2,4)),16);
            int b = Integer.parseInt((color.substring(4,6)),16);
            //自定义cell颜色
            HSSFPalette palette = workbook.getCustomPalette();
            palette.setColorAtIndex((short)index, (byte) r, (byte) g, (byte) b);  

            //style.setFillPattern(CellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
            style.setFillForegroundColor(index);
        }
        return style;
    }  

    /**
     * 设置字体并加外边框
     * @param style  样式
     * @param style  字体名
     * @param style  大小
     * @return
     */
    public CellStyle setFontAndBorder(CellStyle style,String fontName,short size){
        HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
        font.setFontHeightInPoints(size);
        font.setFontName(fontName);
        font.setBold(true);
        style.setFont(font);
        //style.setBorderBottom(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN); //下边框
        //style.setBorderLeft(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//左边框
        //style.setBorderTop(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框
        //style.setBorderRight(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框
        return style;
    }
    /**
     * 删除文件
     * @param fileDir
     * @return
     */
    public boolean deleteExcel(){
        boolean flag = false;
        File file = new File(this.fileDir);
        // 判断目录或文件是否存在
        if (!file.exists()) {  // 不存在返回 false
            return flag;
        } else {
            // 判断是否为文件
            if (file.isFile()) {  // 为文件时调用删除文件方法
                file.delete();
                flag = true;
            }
        }
        return flag;
    }
    /**
     * 删除文件
     * @param fileDir
     * @return
     */
    public boolean deleteExcel(String path){
        boolean flag = false;
        File file = new File(path);
        // 判断目录或文件是否存在
        if (!file.exists()) {  // 不存在返回 false
            return flag;
        } else {
            // 判断是否为文件
            if (file.isFile()) {  // 为文件时调用删除文件方法
                file.delete();
                flag = true;
            }
        }
        return flag;
    }
}  

package com.excel;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class ExcelTest {  

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1.获取数据[数据库]
        List<Man> dataList = new ArrayList();
        Man man1 = new Man("张三",20,"男",(float)10000.8);
        Man man2 = new Man("李四",21,"男",(float)11000.8);
        Man man3 = new Man("王五",22,"女",(float)1200.8);
        Man man4 = new Man("赵六",23,"男",(float)13000.8);
        Man man5 = new Man("田七",24,"男",(float)14000.8);
        Man man6 = new Man();
        man6.setName("老八");
        dataList.add(man1);dataList.add(man2);dataList.add(man3);dataList.add(man4);dataList.add(man5);
        dataList.add(man6);
        //2.分页,每页显示2行
        int pageSize = 2;// 定义每页数据数量
        int listCount = dataList.size();
        //总数量除以每页显示条数等于页数
        int exportTimes = listCount % pageSize > 0 ? listCount / pageSize + 1 : listCount / pageSize;

        //3.通用的设置(标题、公式等)
        String titleColumn[] = {"name","sex","idCard","salary",""};
        String titleName[] = {"姓名","性别","身份证号","月薪","年薪"};
        int titleSize[] = {13,13,13,13,13};
        //其他设置 set方法可全不调用
        String colFormula[] = new String[5];
        colFormula[4] = "D@*12";   //设置第5列的公式
        //工具对象
        ExcelExportUtil pee = new ExcelExportUtil("E:/test.xls","sheet");  

        //4.循环获取产生每页数据
        for (int i = 0; i < exportTimes; i++) {

            pee.setColFormula(colFormula);
            pee.setAddress("A:D");  //自动筛选   

            List<Man> subList = dataList.subList(i*pageSize, ((i+1)*pageSize));
            pee.wirteExcel(titleColumn, titleName, titleSize, subList, "sheet" + (i + 1));
        }

        System.out.println("excel生成完毕！");

    }  

}  

二、java读取excel文件：

package com.excel;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
/**
 * Excel数据封装对象
 * @author kongzhimin
 *
 */
public class ExcelEntity {
    /**
     * EXCEL表头字段
     */
    private String[] heard;
    /**
     * EXCEL内容封装
     */
    private JSONArray context;
    public String[] getHeard() {
        return heard;
    }
    public void setHeard(String[] heard) {
        this.heard = heard;
    }
    public JSONArray getContext() {
        return context;
    }
    public void setContext(JSONArray context) {
        this.context = context;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return JSON.toJSONString(this);
    }
}

package com.excel;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataFormat;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDateUtil;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

/**
 * excel工具类
 * @author weijiaquan
 *
 */
public class ExcelUtil {

    private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(ExcelUtil.class);

    /**
     * EXCEL读取的数据表对象
     */
    private static Sheet sheet;
    /**
     * 行数
     */
    private static Integer rowNum;
    /**
     * 列数
     */
    private static Integer colNum;
    /**
     * 数据表表头位置
     */
    private static Integer headNum;
    /**
     * 数据表表头字段与bean字段映射
     */
    private Map<String,String> headMap;
    /**
     * excel 内容
     */
    private static JSONArray excelContent = new JSONArray();
    /**
     * excel 标题
     */
    private static String[] excelTitle = new String[0];
    /**
     * 表头字段列表
     */
    private static String[] heads = {"dateTime","hours","publicNum","mediaName","mediaSource","sums","dNum","iNum"};

    /**
     * workbook
     */
    private static Workbook workbook;

    /**
     * 解析excel
     * @param file
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void readerExcel(File file) throws IOException {
        // 1.检查文件
        checkFile(file);
        // 2.获得Workbook工作薄对象
        workbook = getWorkBook(file);
        if (workbook != null) {
            System.out.println("excel总页数sheetNum= "+ workbook.getNumberOfSheets());
            for (int sheetNum = 0; sheetNum < workbook.getNumberOfSheets(); sheetNum++) {
                // 3.初始化init
                System.out.println("第" + sheetNum + "页");
                init(sheetNum);

                // 4.读取Excel
                // 4.1 获取title[不用分页读取]--title理应一样

                // 4.2获取内容[取所有页的内容]
                JSONArray currentContent = readExcelContent();
                System.out.println("currentContent" + sheetNum + "--" + currentContent.size());
                for (Object object : currentContent) {
                    excelContent.add(object);
                }
                if (sheet == null) {
                    continue;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取每个单元格的值
     * @param cell
     * @return
     */
    public static String getCellValue(Cell cell) {
        String cellValue = "";
        if (cell == null) {
            return cellValue;
        }
        // 判断数据的类型
        switch (cell.getCellType()) {
        case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC: // 数字
            cellValue = stringDateProcess(cell);
            break;
        case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING: // 字符串
            cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getStringCellValue());
            break;
        case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN: // Boolean
            cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
            break;
        case Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA: // 公式
            cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getCellFormula());
            break;
        case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK: // 空值
            cellValue = "";
            break;
        case Cell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR: // 故障
            cellValue = "非法字符";
            break;
        default:
            cellValue = "未知类型";
            break;
        }
        return cellValue;
    }

    /**
      * 时间格式处理
      * @return
      * @author weijiaquan
      */
     public static String stringDateProcess(Cell cell){
         String result = new String();
         if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {// 处理日期格式、时间格式
             SimpleDateFormat sdf = null;
             if (cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormat() == HSSFDataFormat.getBuiltinFormat("h:mm")) {
                 sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm");
             } else {// 日期
                 sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
             }
             Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
             result = sdf.format(date);
         } else if (cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormat() == 58) {
             // 处理自定义日期格式：m月d日(通过判断单元格的格式id解决，id的值是58)
             SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
             double value = cell.getNumericCellValue();
             Date date = org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DateUtil
                     .getJavaDate(value);
             result = sdf.format(date);
         } else {
             double value = cell.getNumericCellValue();
             CellStyle style = cell.getCellStyle();
             DecimalFormat format = new DecimalFormat("#,#######");
             String temp = style.getDataFormatString();
             // 单元格设置成常规
             if (temp.equals("General")) {
                 format.applyPattern("#");
             }
             result = format.format(value);
         }  

         return result;
     }

     /**
      * 检查文件
      * @param file
      * @throws IOException
      */
      public static  void checkFile(File file) throws IOException{
          //判断文件是否存在
          if(null == file){
              log.error("文件不存在！");
          }
          //获得文件名
          String fileName = file.getName();
          //判断文件是否是excel文件
          if(!fileName.endsWith("xls") && !fileName.endsWith("xlsx")){
              log.error(fileName + "不是excel文件");
          }
      }
      /**
       * 获得Workbook工作薄对象
       * @param file
       * @return
       */
      public static  Workbook getWorkBook(File file) {
          //获得文件名
          String fileName = file.getName();
          //创建Workbook工作薄对象，表示整个excel
          Workbook workbook = null;
          try {
              //获取excel文件的io流
              InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
              //根据文件后缀名不同(xls和xlsx)获得不同的Workbook实现类对象
              if(fileName.endsWith("xls")){
                  //2003
                  workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(is);
              }else if(fileName.endsWith("xlsx")){
                  //2007 及2007以上
                  workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(is);
              }
          } catch (IOException e) {
              log.error(e.getMessage());
          }
          return workbook;
      }

      /**
       * 读取Excel表格表头的内容
       * @param InputStream
       * @return String 表头内容的数组
       */
      private static String[] readExcelTitle() {
          Row row = sheet.getRow(headNum);
          System.out.println("colNum:" + colNum);
          String[] title = new String[colNum];
          for (int i = 0; i < colNum; i++) {
              title[i] = getCellValue(row.getCell(i));
          }
          return title;
      }
      /**
       * reader初始化方法
       * @throws IOException
       */
      private static void init(Integer sheetNum) throws IOException {
          sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(sheetNum);
          rowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();
          headNum = 0;
          colNum = sheet.getRow(0).getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
          heads = readExcelTitle();
      }

      /**
     * 解析EXCEL文件成为Entity对象
     * @return ExcelEntity Excel解析实体对象
       * @throws IOException
     */
    public static ExcelEntity parseExcelToEntity(File file) throws IOException {
        //1.解析excel
        readerExcel(file);
        //2.封装对象
        ExcelEntity entity = new ExcelEntity();
        entity.setHeard(readExcelTitle());
        entity.setContext(excelContent);
        return entity;
    }

    /**
     * 读取Excel数据内容
     * @param InputStream
     * @return JSONArray 包含单元格数据内容的对象
     */
    private static JSONArray readExcelContent() {
        JSONArray array = new JSONArray();
        for (int i = headNum+1; i <= rowNum; i++) {
            array.add(parseRowToObject(i));
        }
        return array;
    }

    /**
     * 数据表行转化JSONObject
     * @param rowNum
     * @return
     */
    private static JSONObject parseRowToObject(Integer rowNum) {
        JSONObject object = new JSONObject();
        Row row = sheet.getRow(rowNum);
        for (int i = 0; i < colNum; i++) {
            object.put(heads[i], getCellValue(row.getCell(i)));
        }
        return object;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        File file = new File("C:\\Users\\weijiaquan\\excel\\201807091922.xls");

        ExcelEntity excelEntity = parseExcelToEntity(file);
        JSONArray context = excelEntity.getContext();
        for (int i = 0; i < context.size(); i++) {
            com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject jsonObject = context.getJSONObject(i);
            String sql = "INSERT INTO T(groupId,lenderId,lenderUrlId,nPriority,nStatus,createBy,createdDate,updateBy,updatedDate) VALUES (17101,%s,%s,%s,0,'system',now(),'system',now());";
            String format = String.format(sql, jsonObject.get("lenderid"), jsonObject.get("urlid"), jsonObject.get("order"));
            System.out.println(format);
            //System.out.println(jsonObject);
        }
    }
}