[ACM] POJ 3349 Snowflake Snow Snowflakes（哈希查找，链式解决冲突）

Snowflake Snow Snowflakes

Time Limit: 4000MS		Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 30512		Accepted: 8024

Description

You may have heard that no two snowflakes are alike. Your task is to write a program to determine whether this is really true. Your program will read information about a collection of snowflakes, and search for a pair that may be identical. Each snowflake
has six arms. For each snowflake, your program will be provided with a measurement of the length of each of the six arms. Any pair of snowflakes which have the same lengths of corresponding arms should be flagged by your program as possibly identical.

Input

The first line of input will contain a single integer n, 0 < n ≤ 100000, the number of snowflakes to follow. This will be followed by
n lines, each describing a snowflake. Each snowflake will be described by a line containing six integers (each integer is at least 0 and less than 10000000), the lengths of the arms of the snow ake. The lengths of the arms will be given in order around
the snowflake (either clockwise or counterclockwise), but they may begin with any of the six arms. For example, the same snowflake could be described as 1 2 3 4 5 6 or 4 3 2 1 6 5.

Output

If all of the snowflakes are distinct, your program should print the message:

No two snowflakes are alike.

If there is a pair of possibly identical snow akes, your program should print the message:

Twin snowflakes found.

Sample Input

2
1 2 3 4 5 6
4 3 2 1 6 5

Sample Output

Twin snowflakes found.

Source

CCC 2007

解题思路：

雪花有六个角。每一个角有一个长度。按顺时针或者逆时针给出，起点是随机的。两个雪花同样当且仅当每一个角的长度一样，且必须是连续的，比方   2 3 1  4 5 6 和 2 1 3  4 5 6就不行，1 2 3 4 5 6    4 3 2 1 6 5是一样的（第二个逆时针给出）。给出一堆雪花的六个角的长度。问这里面能不能找到两个同样的雪花。

1. 两个雪花同样的前提条件是，它们雪花六个角的长度和相等。

把每一个雪花依照长度映射到哈希表中。

这里哈希表用 vector< snowflake> hs[]. 当 hs[i].size()>1时，说明hs[i][j] 和hs[i][k]有可能是两个同样的雪花，仅仅要在hs[i]里面查找就能够了。

2. 怎么推断两个雪花a,b同样？分两步，一， 固定a，用b的每一个边和a的第一条边对齐，然后顺时针比較a,b的每一条边。二，固定a,用b的每一个边和a的第一条边对齐，然后逆时针比較a,b的每一条边。

Ps：以此题哀悼下考砸的数据结构。。

。。考试的时候我居然连拉链法解决冲突都不知道。。

代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <vector>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
const int maxn=100002;
const int prime=99991;
 
struct SnowFlake
{
    int len[6];
}snow[maxn];
 
vector<SnowFlake>hs[prime];
 
void Hash(SnowFlake s)//映射
{
    int addr=(s.len[0]+s.len[1]+s.len[2]+s.len[3]+s.len[4]+s.len[5])%prime;
    hs[addr].push_back(s);
}
 
bool cmp(SnowFlake a,SnowFlake b)//比較两个雪花是否同样
{
    for(int i=0;i<6;i++)
    {
        if(a.len[0]==b.len[i]&&a.len[1]==b.len[(i+1)%6]&&a.len[2]==b.len[(i+2)%6]&&
           a.len[3]==b.len[(i+3)%6]&&a.len[4]==b.len[(i+4)%6]&&a.len[5]==b.len[(i+5)%6])
           return true;//固定a。顺时针比較
        if(a.len[0]==b.len[i]&&a.len[1]==b.len[(i+5)%6]&&a.len[2]==b.len[(i+4)%6]&&
           a.len[3]==b.len[(i+3)%6]&&a.len[4]==b.len[(i+2)%6]&&a.len[5]==b.len[(i+1)%6])
           return true;//固定a, 逆时针比較
    }
    return false;
}
 
int main()
{
    int n;
    scanf("%d",&n);
    SnowFlake sf;
    while(n--)
    {
        for(int i=0;i<6;i++)
            scanf("%d",&sf.len[i]);
        Hash(sf);
    }
    for(int i=0;i<prime;i++)
        if(hs[i].size()>1)//有可能有同样的雪花
    {
        for(int j=0;j<hs[i].size();j++)
            for(int k=j+1;k<hs[i].size();k++)
        {
            if(cmp(hs[i][j],hs[i][k]))
            {
                printf("Twin snowflakes found.");
                return 0;
            }
        }
    }
    printf("No two snowflakes are alike.");
    return 0;
}