C++11并发之std::thread<转>
最近技术上没什么大的收获,也是悲催的路过~
搞一点新东西压压惊吧!
- id
- Thread id (public member type ) id
- native_handle_type
- Native handle type (public member type )
成员函数:
- (constructor)
- Construct thread (public member function ) 构造函数
- (destructor)
- Thread destructor (public member function ) 析构函数
- operator=
- Move-assign thread (public member function ) 赋值重载
- get_id
- Get thread id (public member function ) 获取线程id
- joinable
- Check if joinable (public member function ) 判断线程是否可以加入等待
- join
- Join thread (public member function ) 加入等待
- detach
- Detach thread (public member function ) 分离线程
- swap
- Swap threads (public member function ) 线程交换
- native_handle
- Get native handle (public member function ) 获取线程句柄
- hardware_concurrency [static]
- Detect hardware concurrency (public static member function ) 检测硬件并发特性
Non-member overloads:
- swap (thread)
- Swap threads (function )
- default (1)
- thread() noexcept;
- initialization(2)
- template <class Fn, class... Args> explicit thread (Fn&& fn, Args&&... args);
- copy [deleted] (3)
- thread (const thread&) = delete;
- move [4]
- hread (thread&& x) noexcept;
#include<thread>
#include<chrono>
using namespace std;
void fun1(int n) //初始化构造函数
{
cout << "Thread " << n << " executing\n";
n += ;
this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::milliseconds());
}
void fun2(int & n) //拷贝构造函数
{
cout << "Thread " << n << " executing\n";
n += ;
this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::milliseconds());
}
int main()
{
int n = ;
thread t1; //t1不是一个thread
thread t2(fun1, n + ); //按照值传递
t2.join();
cout << "n=" << n << '\n';
n = ;
thread t3(fun2, ref(n)); //引用
thread t4(move(t3)); //t4执行t3,t3不是thread
t4.join();
cout << "n=" << n << '\n';
return ;
}
运行结果:
Thread executing
n=
Thread executing
n=</span>
#include<thread>
using namespace std;
void show()
{
cout << "hello cplusplus!" << endl;
}
int main()
{
//栈上
thread t1(show); //根据函数初始化执行
thread t2(show);
thread t3(show);
//线程数组
thread th[]{thread(show), thread(show), thread(show)};
//堆上
thread *pt1(new thread(show));
thread *pt2(new thread(show));
thread *pt3(new thread(show));
//线程指针数组
thread *pth(new thread[]{thread(show), thread(show), thread(show)});
return ;
}
#include<thread>
using namespace std;
void show(const char *str, const int id)
{
cout << "线程 " << id + << " :" << str << endl;
}
int main()
{
thread t1(show, "hello cplusplus!", );
thread t2(show, "你好,C++!", );
thread t3(show, "hello!", );
return ;
}
运行结果:
线程 1线程 :你好,C++!线程 :hello!
:hello cplusplus!
#include<thread>
#include<array>
using namespace std;
void show()
{
cout << "hello cplusplus!" << endl;
}
int main()
{
array<thread, > threads = { thread(show), thread(show), thread(show) };
for (int i = ; i < ; i++)
{
cout << threads[i].joinable() << endl;//判断线程是否可以join
threads[i].join();//主线程等待当前线程执行完成再退出
}
return ;
}
运行结果:
hello cplusplus!
hello cplusplus! hello cplusplus!
#include<thread>
using namespace std;
void show()
{
cout << "hello cplusplus!" << endl;
}
int main()
{
thread th(show);
//th.join();
th.detach();//脱离主线程的绑定,主线程挂了,子线程不报错,子线程执行完自动退出。
//detach以后,子线程会成为孤儿线程,线程之间将无法通信。
cout << th.joinable() << endl;
return ;
}
运行结果:
hello cplusplus!
#include<thread>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
auto n = thread::hardware_concurrency();//获取cpu核心个数
cout << n << endl;
return ;
}
运行结果:
#include<thread>
using namespace std;
const int N = ;
int num = ;
void run()
{
for (int i = ; i < N; i++)
{
num++;
}
}
int main()
{
clock_t start = clock();
thread t1(run);
thread t2(run);
t1.join();
t2.join();
clock_t end = clock();
cout << "num=" << num << ",用时 " << end - start << " ms" << endl;
return ;
}
运行结果:
num=,用时 ms
#include<thread>
#include<mutex>
using namespace std;
const int N = ;
int num();
mutex m;
void run()
{
for (int i = ; i < N; i++)
{
m.lock();
num++;
m.unlock();
}
}
int main()
{
clock_t start = clock();
thread t1(run);
thread t2(run);
t1.join();
t2.join();
clock_t end = clock();
cout << "num=" << num << ",用时 " << end - start << " ms" << endl;
return ;
}
运行结果:
num=,用时 ms
#include<thread>
#include<atomic>
using namespace std;
const int N = ;
atomic_int num{ };//不会发生线程冲突,线程安全
void run()
{
for (int i = ; i < N; i++)
{
num++;
}
}
int main()
{
clock_t start = clock();
thread t1(run);
thread t2(run);
t1.join();
t2.join();
clock_t end = clock();
cout << "num=" << num << ",用时 " << end - start << " ms" << endl;
return ;
}
运行结果:
num=,用时 ms
#include<thread>
using namespace std;
const int N = ;
int num = ;
void run()
{
for (int i = ; i < N; i++)
{
num++;
}
}
int main()
{
clock_t start = clock();
thread t1(run);
t1.join();
thread t2(run);
t2.join();
clock_t end = clock();
cout << "num=" << num << ",用时 " << end - start << " ms" << endl;
return ;
}
运行结果:
num=,用时 ms
#include<thread>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
auto fun = [](const char *str) {cout << str << endl; };
thread t1(fun, "hello world!");
thread t2(fun, "hello beijing!");
return ;
}
运行结果:
hello world!
hello beijing!
#include<thread>
#include<chrono>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
thread th1([]()
{
//让线程等待3秒
this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::seconds());
//让cpu执行其他空闲的线程
this_thread::yield();
//线程id
cout << this_thread::get_id() << endl;
});
return ;
}
#include<thread>
using namespace std;
class MyThread :public thread //继承thread
{
public:
//子类MyThread()继承thread()的构造函数
MyThread() : thread()
{
}
//MyThread()初始化构造函数
template<typename T, typename...Args>
MyThread(T&&func, Args&&...args) : thread(forward<T>(func), forward<Args>(args)...)
{
}
void showcmd(const char *str) //运行system
{
system(str);
}
};
int main()
{
MyThread th1([]()
{
cout << "hello" << endl;
});
th1.showcmd("calc"); //运行calc
//lambda
MyThread th2([](const char * str)
{
cout << "hello" << str << endl;
}, " this is MyThread");
th2.showcmd("notepad");//运行notepad
return ;
}
运行结果:
hello
//运行calc
hello this is MyThread
//运行notepad
#include<thread>
#include<cstdarg>
using namespace std;
int show(const char *fun, ...)
{
va_list ap;//指针
va_start(ap, fun);//开始
vprintf(fun, ap);//调用
va_end(ap);
return ;
}
int main()
{
thread t1(show, "%s %d %c %f", "hello world!", , 'A', 3.14159);
return ;
}
运行结果:
hello world! A 3.14159
#include<thread>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
thread t1([]()
{
cout << "thread1" << endl;
});
thread t2([]()
{
cout << "thread2" << endl;
});
cout << "thread1' id is " << t1.get_id() << endl;
cout << "thread2' id is " << t2.get_id() << endl; cout << "swap after:" << endl;
swap(t1, t2);//线程交换
cout << "thread1' id is " << t1.get_id() << endl;
cout << "thread2' id is " << t2.get_id() << endl;
return ;
}
运行结果:
thread1
thread2
thread1' id is 4836
thread2' id is 4724
swap after:
thread1' id is 4724
thread2' id is 4836
#include<thread>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
thread t1([]()
{
cout << "thread1" << endl;
});
cout << "thread1' id is " << t1.get_id() << endl;
thread t2 = move(t1);;
cout << "thread2' id is " << t2.get_id() << endl;
return ;
}
运行结果:
thread1
thread1' id is 5620
thread2' id is 5620
从上述代码中,线程t2可以通过 move 移动 t1 来获取 t1 的全部属性,而 t1 却销毁了。
原贴地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lidabo/p/7852033.html
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