Windows ToolTips简要介绍（转）

原文转自 https://blog.csdn.net/sesiria/article/details/77450151

Windows 标准控件ToolTips简要介绍

参考文档 MSDN

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff486072(v=vs.85).aspx

一，什么是ToolTips

ToolTips 就是一个类似于一个悬浮的文本框，在鼠标指针移动上去能显示特定的文本。

各种ToolTips样式。

二，创建ToolTips

HWND hwndTip = CreateWindowEx(NULL, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
                            WS_POPUP | TTS_NOPREFIX | TTS_ALWAYSTIP,
                            CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
                            CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
                            hwndParent, NULL, hinstMyDll,
                            NULL);

SetWindowPos(hwndTip, HWND_TOPMOST,, , , ,
             SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOACTIVATE);

此后ToolTips的窗口函数自动维护Tooltips的尺寸，位置和显示隐藏状态等。 ToolTips的高度基于所设置的字体的高度。

1.激活ToolTips

Tooltips可以处于激活和未激活的状态。激活状态下ToolTips会显示文本。 当ToolTips未激活，其文本讲不被显示。即使鼠标指针放在一个Tools上发送TTM_ACTIVE可以激活和关闭激活一个ToolTips的状态。

2.将ToolTips关联Tools

创建一个TOOLINFO的结构体对象，设置uID为关联工具的ID

设置uFlags为  TTF_IDISHWND

并发送TTM_ADDTOOL消息给ToolTips的句柄。后面的完整的例子。

3.显示文本

默认使用TOOLINFO的  lpszText为显示问题。 可以发送TTM_UPDATETIPTEXT消息来更新显示值。

如果将lpszText 设置为 LPSTR_TEXTCALLBACK ToolTips需要显示文本时候，会Call之前注册的父窗口句柄的窗口函数并发送 TTN_GETDISPINFO通知码，

该消息包含了指向NMTTDISPINFO 结构的指针用于修改相应的文本，以供后续显示使用。

4.消息和通知

windows默认只发送消息给包含鼠标指针的窗口，并不会发送消息给ToolTips。因此需要关联ToolTips和其对应的父窗口活控件ID来控制其显示（恰当的位置和恰当的时间）。

ToolTips会自动处理一下的消息。

1.通过TOOLINFO绑定过的控件或者父窗口的矩形区域。

2.绑定ToolTip的父窗口在同一个线程内。

满足以上两个条件 将TOOLINFO的uFlags设置为 TTF_SUBCLASS  然后发送TTM_ADDTOOL消息给Tooltip的句柄。  但是ToolTips和关联的窗口必须有直接的消息通路。也就是父窗口和子窗口的关系。 如果你关联了别的进程的窗口，还是收不到消息的。可能要使用HOOK。此时你应该发送TTM_RELAYEVENT消息给tooltip 参考Tracking Tooltip

当Tooltip要显示的时候会发送给其拥有者窗口TTN_SHOW通知码。 TTN_POP表明Tooltip即将要隐藏。  通过WM_NOTIFY消息发送。

三，ToolTips应用

1.一个简单的ToolTips的例子

#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <commctrl.h>
#include "resource.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "comctl32.lib")

LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

HINSTANCE g_hInst;
HWND hTTWnd;

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE, LPSTR, int)
{
    g_hInst = hInstance;
    INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX cx = { sizeof(INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX), ICC_BAR_CLASSES };
    BOOL ret = InitCommonControlsEx(&cx);
    return DialogBox(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DIALOG1), NULL, (DLGPROC)MyDlgProc);
}

// Description:
//   Creates a tooltip for an item in a dialog box.
// Parameters:
//   idTool - identifier of an dialog box item.
//   nDlg - window handle of the dialog box.
//   pszText - string to use as the tooltip text.
// Returns:
//   The handle to the tooltip.
//
HWND CreateToolTip(int toolID, HWND hDlg, PTSTR pszText)
{
    if (!toolID || !hDlg || !pszText)
    {
        return FALSE;
    }
    // Get the window of the tool.
    HWND hwndTool = GetDlgItem(hDlg, toolID);

    // Create the tooltip. g_hInst is the global instance handle.
    HWND hwndTip = CreateWindowEx(NULL, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
        WS_POPUP | TTS_ALWAYSTIP | TTS_BALLOON,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        hDlg, NULL,
        g_hInst, NULL);

    if (!hwndTool || !hwndTip)
    {
        return (HWND)NULL;
    }

    // Associate the tooltip with the tool.
    TOOLINFO toolInfo = {  };
    toolInfo.cbSize = sizeof(toolInfo);
    toolInfo.hwnd = hDlg;
    toolInfo.uFlags = TTF_IDISHWND | TTF_SUBCLASS;
    toolInfo.uId = (UINT_PTR)hwndTool;
    toolInfo.lpszText = pszText;
    SendMessage(hwndTip, TTM_ADDTOOL, , (LPARAM)&toolInfo);

    return hwndTip;
}

void CreateToolTipForRect(HWND hwndParent)
{
    // Create a tooltip.
    HWND hwndTT = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_TOPMOST, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
        WS_POPUP | TTS_NOPREFIX | TTS_ALWAYSTIP,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        hwndParent, NULL, g_hInst, NULL);

    SetWindowPos(hwndTT, HWND_TOPMOST, , , , ,
        SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOACTIVATE);

    // Set up "tool" information. In this case, the "tool" is the entire parent window.

    TOOLINFO ti = {  };
    ti.cbSize = sizeof(TOOLINFO);
    ti.uFlags = TTF_SUBCLASS;
    ti.hwnd = hwndParent;
    ti.hinst = g_hInst;
    ti.lpszText = TEXT("This is your tooltip string.");

    GetClientRect(hwndParent, &ti.rect);

    // Associate the tooltip with the "tool" window.
    SendMessage(hwndTT, TTM_ADDTOOL, , (LPARAM)(LPTOOLINFO)&ti);
}

LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND hDlg, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    switch (uMsg)
    {
    case WM_INITDIALOG:
    {
        CreateToolTipForRect(hDlg);

        break;
    }
    case WM_CLOSE:
        EndDialog(hDlg, FALSE);
        break;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

这个代码很简单就是在Windows对话框上显示ToolTips。可是编译以后死活不显示，初始化InitCommonControlsEx的调用也没有问题。观察到自己创建的对话框风格非常复古。

后来查阅相关资料。这是由于项目缺少了Manifest定义。在网上找了一个Manifest的定义文件在项目加载此文件就解决了此问题。关于Manifest文件的定义参考此文章

MSDN: Enable Visual Style in your program.

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb773175(v=vs.85).aspx#no_extensions

Windows.Manifest定义如下

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
  <assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">
  <assemblyIdentity
  name="Microsoft.Windows.XXXX"
  processorArchitecture="x86"
  version="5.1.0.0"
  type="win32"/>
  <description>Windows Shell</description>
  <dependency>
  <dependentAssembly>
  <assemblyIdentity
  type="win32"
  name="Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls"
  version="6.0.0.0"
  processorArchitecture="x86"
  publicKeyToken="6595b64144ccf1df"
  language="*"
   />
  </dependentAssembly>
  </dependency>
  </assembly>

运行结果如下。

关于这个问题深入研究发现，是调用TOOLINFOW类的时候如果程序加载Common Control 6.0以下的版本，这个结构体的定义的实际size比6.0少4个字节。

而ANSI版本无此问题。如果使用Unicode版本必须加入manifest强制让应用程序加载common Control 6.0才能使用sizeof(TOOLINFOW)的返回值。

否则就要将此值减去4

参考此文章：  https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2545682/unicode-tooltips-not-showing-up/15173051

2. 一个指定位置显示Tooltip的例子 同时显示2个Tooltip并且自己定位Toolpis的位置。

#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <commctrl.h>
#include "resource.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "comctl32.lib")

LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

HINSTANCE g_hInst;
HWND hTTWnd;
HWND g_hwndTrackingTT;
HWND g_hwndTrackingTT1;
TOOLINFO g_toolItem;
BOOL g_TrackingMouse;

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE, LPSTR, int)
{
    g_hInst = hInstance;
    INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX cx = { sizeof(INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX), ICC_BAR_CLASSES };
    BOOL ret = InitCommonControlsEx(&cx);
    return DialogBox(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DIALOG1), NULL, (DLGPROC)MyDlgProc);
}

// Description:
//   Creates a tooltip for an item in a dialog box.
// Parameters:
//   idTool - identifier of an dialog box item.
//   nDlg - window handle of the dialog box.
//   pszText - string to use as the tooltip text.
// Returns:
//   The handle to the tooltip.
//
HWND CreateToolTip(int toolID, HWND hDlg, PTSTR pszText)
{
    if (!toolID || !hDlg || !pszText)
    {
        return FALSE;
    }
    // Get the window of the tool.
    HWND hwndTool = GetDlgItem(hDlg, toolID);

    // Create the tooltip. g_hInst is the global instance handle.
    HWND hwndTip = CreateWindowEx(NULL, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
        WS_POPUP | TTS_ALWAYSTIP | TTS_BALLOON,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        hDlg, NULL,
        g_hInst, NULL);

    if (!hwndTool || !hwndTip)
    {
        return (HWND)NULL;
    }

    // Associate the tooltip with the tool.
    TOOLINFO toolInfo = {  };
    toolInfo.cbSize = sizeof(toolInfo);
    toolInfo.hwnd = hDlg;
    toolInfo.uFlags = TTF_IDISHWND | TTF_SUBCLASS;
    toolInfo.uId = (UINT_PTR)hwndTool;
    toolInfo.lpszText = pszText;
    SendMessage(hwndTip, TTM_ADDTOOL, , (LPARAM)&toolInfo);

    return hwndTip;
}

void CreateToolTipForRect(HWND hwndParent)
{
    // Create a tooltip.
    HWND hwndTT = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_TOPMOST, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
        WS_POPUP | TTS_NOPREFIX | TTS_ALWAYSTIP,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        hwndParent, NULL, g_hInst, NULL);

    SetWindowPos(hwndTT, HWND_TOPMOST, , , , ,
        SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOACTIVATE);

    // Set up "tool" information. In this case, the "tool" is the entire parent window.

    TOOLINFO ti = {  };
    ti.cbSize = sizeof(TOOLINFO);
    ti.uFlags = TTF_SUBCLASS;
    ti.hwnd = hwndParent;
    ti.hinst = g_hInst;
    ti.lpszText = TEXT("This is your tooltip string.");

    GetClientRect(hwndParent, &ti.rect);

    // Associate the tooltip with the "tool" window.
    SendMessage(hwndTT, TTM_ADDTOOL, , (LPARAM)(LPTOOLINFO)&ti);
}

HWND CreateTrackingToolTip(int toolID, HWND hDlg, WCHAR* pText)
{
    // Create a tooltip.
    HWND hwndTT = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_TOPMOST, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
        WS_POPUP | TTS_NOPREFIX | TTS_ALWAYSTIP | TTS_BALLOON,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        hDlg, NULL, g_hInst, NULL);

    if (!hwndTT)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    // Set up the tool information. In this case, the "tool" is the entire parent window.

    g_toolItem.cbSize = sizeof(TOOLINFO);
    g_toolItem.uFlags = TTF_IDISHWND | TTF_TRACK | TTF_ABSOLUTE;
    g_toolItem.hwnd = hDlg;
    g_toolItem.hinst = g_hInst;
    g_toolItem.lpszText = pText;
    g_toolItem.uId = (UINT_PTR)hDlg;

    GetClientRect(hDlg, &g_toolItem.rect);

    // Associate the tooltip with the tool window.

    SendMessage(hwndTT, TTM_ADDTOOL, , (LPARAM)(LPTOOLINFO)&g_toolItem);

    return hwndTT;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND hDlg, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    switch (uMsg)
    {
    case WM_INITDIALOG:
    {
        g_hwndTrackingTT = CreateTrackingToolTip(, hDlg, L"");
        g_hwndTrackingTT1 = CreateTrackingToolTip(, hDlg, L"");
        break;
    }

    case WM_MOUSELEAVE:
        SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)FALSE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
        SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)FALSE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
        g_TrackingMouse = FALSE;
        return FALSE;

    case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
        static int oldX, oldY;
        int newX, newY;

        if (!g_TrackingMouse)   // The mouse has just entered the window.
        {                       // Request notification when the mouse leaves.

            TRACKMOUSEEVENT tme = { sizeof(TRACKMOUSEEVENT) };
            tme.hwndTrack = hDlg;
            tme.dwFlags = TME_LEAVE;

            TrackMouseEvent(&tme);

            // Activate the tooltip.
            SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
            SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);

            g_TrackingMouse = TRUE;
        }

        newX = GET_X_LPARAM(lParam);
        newY = GET_Y_LPARAM(lParam);

        // Make sure the mouse has actually moved. The presence of the tooltip
        // causes Windows to send the message continuously.

        if ((newX != oldX) || (newY != oldY))
        {
            oldX = newX;
            oldY = newY;

            // Update the text.
            WCHAR coords[];
            wsprintf(coords, TEXT("%d, %d"), newX, newY);

            g_toolItem.lpszText = coords;
            SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_SETTOOLINFO, , (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
            SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_SETTOOLINFO, , (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);

            // Position the tooltip. The coordinates are adjusted so that the tooltip does not overlap the mouse pointer.

            //POINT pt = { newX, newY };
            POINT pt = { ,  };
            ClientToScreen(hDlg, &pt);
            SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, , (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + , pt.y - ));
            SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, , (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + , pt.y - ));
        }
        return FALSE;
    case WM_CLOSE:
        EndDialog(hDlg, FALSE);
        break;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

运行结果，

可以自行设定ToolTips的位置TTM_TRACKPOSITION，修改ToolTips的显示值TTM_SETTOOLINFO, 控制Tooltips的显示TTM_TRACKACTIVE.

3. 显示多行文本的ToolTips

多行文本ToolTips参考图

使用TTM_SETMAXTIPWIDTH 消息来创建一个多行文本的ToolTips。设置每行的宽度，超过此宽度的文本会自动换行。也可以使用\r\n 强制换行。

注意NMTTDISPINFO 的szText成员最多只能存储80个字符。如果要显示长字符串，请用NMTTDISPINFO的lpszText指向一个长文本的字符。

一下例子使用了TTN_GETDISPINFO通知码来修改tooltips的文本。

    case WM_NOTIFY:
    {
        switch (((LPNMHDR)lParam)->code)
        {
        case TTN_GETDISPINFO:
            LPNMTTDISPINFO pInfo = (LPNMTTDISPINFO)lParam;
            SendMessage(pInfo->hdr.hwndFrom, TTM_SETMAXTIPWIDTH, , );
            wcscpy_s(pInfo->szText, ARRAYSIZE(pInfo->szText),
                L"This\nis a very long text string " \
                L"that must be broken into several lines.");
            break;
        }
        break;
    }

测试用例

显示两个固定位置的多行提示框 若窗口处于非激活状态则隐藏。

提示框的位置会随着窗的移动而移动。

#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <commctrl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "resource.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "comctl32.lib")

LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

HINSTANCE g_hInst;
HWND hTTWnd;
HWND g_hwndTrackingTT;
HWND g_hwndTrackingTT1;
TOOLINFO g_toolItem;
BOOL g_TrackingMouse = FALSE;

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE, PSTR, int)
{
    g_hInst = hInstance;
    INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX cx = { sizeof(INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX), ICC_BAR_CLASSES };
    BOOL ret = InitCommonControlsEx(&cx);
    return DialogBox(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DIALOG1), NULL, (DLGPROC)MyDlgProc);
}

// Description:
//   Creates a tooltip for an item in a dialog box.
// Parameters:
//   idTool - identifier of an dialog box item.
//   nDlg - window handle of the dialog box.
//   pszText - string to use as the tooltip text.
// Returns:
//   The handle to the tooltip.
//
HWND CreateToolTip(int toolID, HWND hDlg, PTSTR pszText)
{
    if (!toolID || !hDlg || !pszText)
    {
        return FALSE;
    }
    // Get the window of the tool.
    HWND hwndTool = GetDlgItem(hDlg, toolID);

    // Create the tooltip. g_hInst is the global instance handle.
    HWND hwndTip = CreateWindowEx(NULL, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
        WS_POPUP | TTS_ALWAYSTIP | TTS_BALLOON,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        hDlg, NULL,
        g_hInst, NULL);

    if (!hwndTool || !hwndTip)
    {
        return (HWND)NULL;
    }

    SetWindowPos(hwndTip, HWND_TOPMOST, , , , ,
        SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOACTIVATE);
    // Associate the tooltip with the tool.
    TOOLINFO toolInfo = {  };
    toolInfo.cbSize = sizeof(toolInfo);
    toolInfo.hwnd = hDlg;
    toolInfo.uFlags = TTF_IDISHWND | TTF_SUBCLASS;
    toolInfo.uId = (UINT_PTR)hwndTool;
    toolInfo.lpszText = LPSTR_TEXTCALLBACK; // pszText;
    SendMessage(hwndTip, TTM_ADDTOOL, , (LPARAM)&toolInfo);

    return hwndTip;
}

void CreateToolTipForRect(HWND hwndParent)
{
    // Create a tooltip.
    HWND hwndTT = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_TOPMOST, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
        WS_POPUP | TTS_NOPREFIX | TTS_ALWAYSTIP,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        hwndParent, NULL, g_hInst, NULL);

    SetWindowPos(hwndTT, HWND_TOPMOST, , , , ,
        SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOACTIVATE);

    // Set up "tool" information. In this case, the "tool" is the entire parent window.

    TOOLINFO ti = {  };
    ti.cbSize = sizeof(TOOLINFO);
    ti.uFlags = TTF_SUBCLASS;
    ti.hwnd = hwndParent;
    ti.hinst = g_hInst;
    ti.lpszText = TEXT("This is your tooltip string.");

    GetClientRect(hwndParent, &ti.rect);

    // Associate the tooltip with the "tool" window.
    SendMessage(hwndTT, TTM_ADDTOOL, , (LPARAM)(LPTOOLINFO)&ti);
}

HWND CreateTrackingToolTip(int toolID, HWND hDlg, WCHAR* pText)
{
    // Create a tooltip.
    HWND hwndTT = CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_TOPMOST, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
        WS_POPUP | TTS_NOPREFIX | TTS_ALWAYSTIP | TTS_BALLOON,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        hDlg, NULL, g_hInst, NULL);

    if (!hwndTT)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    // Set up the tool information. In this case, the "tool" is the entire parent window.

    g_toolItem.cbSize = sizeof(TOOLINFO);
    g_toolItem.uFlags = TTF_IDISHWND | TTF_TRACK | TTF_ABSOLUTE;
    g_toolItem.hwnd = hDlg;
    g_toolItem.hinst = g_hInst;
    g_toolItem.lpszText = LPSTR_TEXTCALLBACK;//pText;
    g_toolItem.uId = (UINT_PTR)hDlg;

    GetClientRect(hDlg, &g_toolItem.rect);

    // Associate the tooltip with the tool window.

    SendMessage(hwndTT, TTM_ADDTOOL, , (LPARAM)(LPTOOLINFO)&g_toolItem);
    SendMessage(hwndTT, TTM_SETDELAYTIME, (WPARAM)TTDT_AUTOPOP, (LPARAM)MAKELONG( * , ));

    return hwndTT;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND hDlg, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    static BOOL bActive = FALSE;
    switch (uMsg)
    {
    case WM_INITDIALOG:
    {
        g_hwndTrackingTT = CreateTrackingToolTip(, hDlg, L"");
        g_hwndTrackingTT1 = CreateTrackingToolTip(, hDlg, L"");
        //hTTWnd = CreateToolTip(IDCANCEL, hDlg, TEXT("IDCANCEL String \r\n nextline"));
        //CreateToolTipForRect(hDlg);

        break;
    }

    case WM_NOTIFY:
    {
        switch (((LPNMHDR)lParam)->code)
        {
        case TTN_GETDISPINFO: /*TTN_NEEDTEXT:*/
            LPNMTTDISPINFO pInfo = (LPNMTTDISPINFO)lParam;
            SendMessage(pInfo->hdr.hwndFrom, TTM_SETMAXTIPWIDTH, , );
            wcscpy_s(pInfo->szText, ARRAYSIZE(pInfo->szText),
                L"This\nis a very long text string " \
                L"that must be broken into several lines.");
            break;
        }

        break;
    }
    case WM_MOVE:
    {
        POINT pt = { ,  };
        ClientToScreen(hDlg, &pt);
        SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, , (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + , pt.y - ));
        SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, , (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + , pt.y + ));
    }

        break;
    case WM_ACTIVATE:
        // if the main windows is inactive ,disappear the tooltips.
        if (LOWORD(wParam) == WA_INACTIVE)
        {
            SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)FALSE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
            SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)FALSE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
            bActive = FALSE;
        }
        else
        {
            SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
            SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
            POINT pt = { ,  };
            ClientToScreen(hDlg, &pt);
            SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, , (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + , pt.y - ));
            SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, , (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + , pt.y + ));
            bActive = TRUE;
        }

        break;

    case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
    {
        if (!bActive)
            break;

        SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);
        SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&g_toolItem);

        POINT pt = { ,  };
        ClientToScreen(hDlg, &pt);
        SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, , (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + , pt.y - ));
        SendMessage(g_hwndTrackingTT1, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, , (LPARAM)MAKELONG(pt.x + , pt.y + ));

    }
        break;
    case WM_CLOSE:
        EndDialog(hDlg, FALSE);
        break;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

熟悉了ToolTips的用法可以对其用C++做一个封装方便调用。

自己实现了一个可以自行设定位置的基于Windows ToolTips的类。并且使用了SetWindowsLongPtr自行处理了WM_NOTIFY消息。（主窗口不必关心内部消息处理)

CToolTips.h  头文件

/*                    CToolTips - CToolTips.h
*
*        Author: Sesiria <stjohnson_free@hotmail.com>
*        Copyright (c) 2017 Sesiria.
*
*    CToolTips module header file
*    This module is designed to to encapsulation the behavior of the standard Windows ToolTips control.
*/
#ifndef _CTOOLTIPS_H_
#define _CTOOLTIPS_H_

#include <windows.h>
#include <CommCtrl.h>
#include <map>
#include <list>
#include <string>

class CToolTips  //Based on the Track style of the ToolTips control.
{
    // member function.
public:
    CToolTips(HWND hParentWnd, HINSTANCE hInstance, bool MultiLine = false); //Normal Style and Multiline
    ~CToolTips();

    void setText(LPCTSTR szText);
    void setMultiLineText(LPCTSTR szText, const LONG nWidth);
    void initToolTips();
    void setPosition(const POINT& pt);
    void setVisible(bool bVisible);
    void setUpdate();

    static LRESULT CALLBACK tooltipWndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
    static LRESULT CALLBACK parentWndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
    WNDPROC getParentWndProc()
    {
        return m_parentWndProc;
    };

private:
    //
    void setActive(bool bActive);
    void _registerWndProc();
    void _unregisterWndProc();

    bool _createToolTips();
    void _destroyToolTips();
    void _addtoInstanceTable();
    void _removeFromInstanceTable();

    // member variable.
private:
    LPTSTR m_szText;
    LPTSTR m_multiText;
    LONG m_nWidth;
    bool m_bMultiLine;
    bool m_bActive;
    bool m_bVisible;
    POINT m_pos;

    HWND m_hParent;
    HWND m_hToolTips;
    HINSTANCE m_hInst;
    TOOLINFO m_toolInfo;

    WNDPROC m_parentWndProc;
    WNDPROC m_tooltipWndProc;

};

#endif // _CTOOLTIPS_H_

CToolTips.cpp 源文件

/*                    CToolTips - CToolTips.cpp
*
*        Author: Sesiria <stjohnson_free@hotmail.com>
*        Copyright (c) 2017 Sesiria.
*
*    CToolTips module source file
*    This module is designed to to encapsulation the behavior of the standard Windows ToolTips control.
*/
#include "CToolTips.h"

#define DELETEP(p)      do { if (p) { delete(p); (p)=NULL; } } while (0)
#define DELETEPV(pa)    do { if (pa) { delete [] (pa); (pa)=NULL; } } while (0)

typedef std::list<HWND> ListInstance;

// this data struct is used to support different parent dialog bind with the tooltips instance.
// the HWND is the parent dialog HWND
// ListInstance is a list container to store all the handle of the tooltips relative the same
// parent dialog.
typedef std::map<HWND, ListInstance*> TableInstance;

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

static TableInstance g_tblInstance;

bool isInTable(HWND hParent)
{
    TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(hParent);
    if (iter == g_tblInstance.end())
        return false;
    return true;
}

bool isInTable(HWND hParent, HWND hToolTips)
{
    ListInstance * pList = NULL;
    TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(hParent);
    if (iter == g_tblInstance.end()) // the parent window has not been register.
    {
        return false;
    }
    else // the parent windows has been registered we just get the parent wndproc from the other nodes.
    {
        pList = iter->second;
        HWND hToolTips = *pList->begin();
        ListInstance::const_iterator iterList = std::find(pList->begin(), pList->end(), hToolTips);
        if (iterList == pList->end())
            return false;
    }
    return true;
}

HWND getFirstToolTips(HWND hParent)
{
    if (!isInTable(hParent))
        return NULL;
    ListInstance * pList = NULL;
    TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(hParent);

    return *iter->second->begin();
}

CToolTips::CToolTips(HWND hParentWnd, HINSTANCE hInstance, bool MultiLine /*= false*/)
    :m_szText(NULL),
    m_multiText(NULL),
    m_nWidth(),
    m_bMultiLine(MultiLine),
    m_bActive(false),
    m_bVisible(false),
    m_hParent(hParentWnd),
    m_hToolTips(NULL),
    m_parentWndProc(NULL),
    m_hInst(hInstance)
{
    m_pos.x = ;
    m_pos.y = ;
    memset(&m_toolInfo, , sizeof(TOOLINFO));

    if (_createToolTips())
    {
        _registerWndProc();
        _addtoInstanceTable();
    }
}

CToolTips::~CToolTips()
{
    _removeFromInstanceTable();
    _unregisterWndProc();
    if (m_hToolTips)
    {
        DestroyWindow(m_hToolTips);
        m_hToolTips = NULL;
    }

    DELETEPV(m_szText);
    DELETEPV(m_multiText);
}

bool CToolTips::_createToolTips()
{
    if (!m_hParent || !m_hInst)
        return false;

    // Create the Handle for the ToolTips control
    m_hToolTips = CreateWindowEx(NULL, TOOLTIPS_CLASS, NULL,
        WS_POPUP | TTS_NOPREFIX | TTS_ALWAYSTIP | TTS_BALLOON,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        m_hParent, NULL, m_hInst, NULL);

    return (m_hToolTips != NULL);
}

void CToolTips::initToolTips()
{
    if (!m_hToolTips || !m_hInst)
        return;

    SetWindowPos(m_hToolTips, HWND_TOPMOST, , , , ,
        SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOACTIVATE);

    //Init the TOOLINFO
    m_toolInfo.cbSize = sizeof(TOOLINFO);
    m_toolInfo.uFlags = TTF_IDISHWND | TTF_TRACK | TTF_ABSOLUTE;
    m_toolInfo.hwnd = m_hParent;
    m_toolInfo.hinst = m_hInst;
    m_toolInfo.lpszText = LPSTR_TEXTCALLBACK;
    m_toolInfo.uId = (UINT_PTR)m_hParent;

    // Associate the tooltip with the tool window.
    SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_ADDTOOL, , (LPARAM)(LPTOOLINFO)&m_toolInfo);

    // Set the DelayTime of the ToolTips
    SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_SETDELAYTIME, (WPARAM)TTDT_AUTOPOP, (LPARAM)MAKELONG( * , ));

    // By default, we just set the tooltips to inactive.
    SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)FALSE, (LPARAM)&m_toolInfo);

    m_bActive = true;
}

void CToolTips::_addtoInstanceTable()
{
    ListInstance * pList = NULL;
    TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(m_hParent);
    if (iter == g_tblInstance.end()) // the parent window has not been register.
    {
        pList = new ListInstance;
        pList->push_back(m_hToolTips);
        g_tblInstance.insert(std::make_pair(m_hParent, pList));
    }
    else
    {
        pList = iter->second;
        ListInstance::const_iterator iterSet = std::find(pList->begin(), pList->end(), m_hToolTips);
        if (iterSet == pList->end())
            pList->push_back(m_hToolTips);
    }

}

void CToolTips::_removeFromInstanceTable()
{
    TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(m_hParent);
    if (iter == g_tblInstance.end())
        return;

    ListInstance * pSet = iter->second;
    pSet->remove(m_hToolTips);

}

void CToolTips::_registerWndProc()
{
    // bind the this pointer to the handle of the tooltips
    SetWindowLongPtr(m_hToolTips, GWLP_USERDATA, reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(this)); 

    // Register the windows proc for the tooltip dialog.
    m_tooltipWndProc = (WNDPROC)SetWindowLongPtr(m_hToolTips,
        GWLP_WNDPROC, reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(&CToolTips::tooltipWndProc));

    // Register the windows proc for the parents dialog.
    if (!isInTable(m_hParent) && !m_parentWndProc)
    {
        m_parentWndProc = (WNDPROC)SetWindowLongPtr(m_hParent,
            GWLP_WNDPROC, reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(&CToolTips::parentWndProc));
    }
    else
    {
        HWND hToolTips;
        if (!(hToolTips = getFirstToolTips(m_hParent)))
            return;
        LONG_PTR user_data = GetWindowLongPtr(hToolTips, GWLP_USERDATA);
        CToolTips *pToolTips = reinterpret_cast<CToolTips*>(user_data);
        m_parentWndProc = pToolTips->getParentWndProc();
    }
}

void CToolTips::_unregisterWndProc()
{
    // if it is the last element relative to the parent dialog just unregister the wndproc.
    TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(m_hParent);
    if (iter != g_tblInstance.end() && m_parentWndProc != NULL)
    {
        ListInstance *pSet = iter->second;
        if (pSet->size() == )// it is the empty set.
        {
            (WNDPROC)SetWindowLongPtr(m_hParent,
                GWLP_WNDPROC, reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(m_parentWndProc));

            g_tblInstance.erase(iter);
            DELETEP(pSet);
        }
        m_parentWndProc = NULL;
    }

    // unregister the window procedure and restore to the default procedure.
    if (m_tooltipWndProc)
    {
        SetWindowLongPtr(m_hToolTips,
            GWLP_WNDPROC, reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(m_tooltipWndProc));
        m_tooltipWndProc = NULL;
    }

    // unregister the this pointer to the hwnd GWL_USERDATA
    SetWindowLongPtr(m_hToolTips, GWLP_USERDATA, NULL);
}

LRESULT CALLBACK CToolTips::tooltipWndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    LONG_PTR user_data = GetWindowLongPtr(hWnd, GWLP_USERDATA);
    CToolTips *this_window = reinterpret_cast<CToolTips*>(user_data);
    if (!this_window || !this_window->m_tooltipWndProc)
        return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);

    static bool g_TrackingMouse = false;

    switch (Msg)
    {
    case WM_MOUSELEAVE:
        g_TrackingMouse = false;
        return DefWindowProc(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
        break;
    case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
        if (!g_TrackingMouse)
        {
            TRACKMOUSEEVENT tme = { sizeof(TRACKMOUSEEVENT) };
            tme.hwndTrack = hWnd;
            tme.dwFlags = TME_LEAVE;
            TrackMouseEvent(&tme);
            this_window->setUpdate();
            g_TrackingMouse = true;
        }
        break;
    }

    return CallWindowProc(this_window->m_tooltipWndProc, hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
}

// hook for the parent window procedure
LRESULT CALLBACK CToolTips::parentWndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    LONG_PTR user_data = GetWindowLongPtr(getFirstToolTips(hWnd), GWLP_USERDATA);
    CToolTips *this_window = reinterpret_cast<CToolTips*>(user_data);

    if (!this_window || !this_window->getParentWndProc())
        return DefWindowProcW(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);

    switch (Msg)
    {
    case WM_NOTIFY:
        {
            switch (((LPNMHDR)lParam)->code)
            {
            case TTN_GETDISPINFO: /*TTN_NEEDTEXT:*/
                LPNMTTDISPINFO pInfo = (LPNMTTDISPINFO)lParam;
                SendMessage(pInfo->hdr.hwndFrom, TTM_SETMAXTIPWIDTH, , this_window->m_nWidth);
                lstrcpyn(pInfo->szText, this_window->m_multiText, ARRAYSIZE(pInfo->szText));
                break;
            }
        }
        break;

    case WM_MOVE:
        {
            TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(hWnd);
            if (iter == g_tblInstance.end())
                break;
            ListInstance *pList = iter->second;
            ListInstance::iterator  iterlist;
            for (iterlist = pList->begin(); iterlist != pList->end(); ++iterlist)
            {
                LONG_PTR user_data = GetWindowLongPtr((HWND)(*iterlist), GWLP_USERDATA);
                CToolTips *tooltips_window = reinterpret_cast<CToolTips*>(user_data);
                if (!tooltips_window)
                    continue;
                tooltips_window->setPosition(tooltips_window->m_pos);
            }
        }
        break;

    case WM_ACTIVATE:
    {
        TableInstance::iterator iter = g_tblInstance.find(hWnd);
        if (iter == g_tblInstance.end())
            break;
        ListInstance *pList = iter->second;
        ListInstance::iterator  iterlist;
        for (iterlist = pList->begin(); iterlist != pList->end(); ++iterlist)
        {
            LONG_PTR user_data = GetWindowLongPtr((HWND)(*iterlist), GWLP_USERDATA);
            CToolTips *tooltips_window = reinterpret_cast<CToolTips*>(user_data);
            if (!tooltips_window)
                continue;
            if (LOWORD(wParam) == WA_INACTIVE)
            {
                tooltips_window->setActive(false);
            }
            else
            {
                tooltips_window->setActive(true);
            }
        }
    }
    }

    return CallWindowProc(this_window->m_parentWndProc, hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
}

void CToolTips::setText(LPCTSTR szText)
{
    DELETEPV(m_szText);
    m_szText = new TCHAR[lstrlen(szText) + ];
    lstrcpy(m_szText, szText);
}

void CToolTips::setMultiLineText(LPCTSTR szText, const LONG nWidth)
{
    DELETEPV(m_multiText);
    m_multiText = new TCHAR[lstrlen(szText) + ];
    lstrcpy(m_multiText, szText);

    m_nWidth = nWidth;
    if (m_bActive)
    {
        setUpdate();
    }
}

void CToolTips::setPosition(const POINT& pt)
{
    m_pos.x = pt.x;
    m_pos.y = pt.y;
    POINT newPt = { m_pos.x, m_pos.y};
    ClientToScreen(m_hParent, &newPt);
    SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_TRACKPOSITION, , (LPARAM)MAKELONG(newPt.x, newPt.y));
}

void CToolTips::setActive(bool bActive)
{
    m_bActive = bActive;
    if (m_bActive && m_bVisible)
    {
        SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&m_toolInfo);
        setPosition(m_pos);
    }
    else
    {
        SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)FALSE, (LPARAM)&m_toolInfo);
    }
}

void CToolTips::setVisible(bool bVisible)
{
    m_bVisible = bVisible;
    if (m_bVisible && m_bActive)
    {
        SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)TRUE, (LPARAM)&m_toolInfo);
        setPosition(m_pos);
    }
    else
    {
        SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_TRACKACTIVATE, (WPARAM)FALSE, (LPARAM)&m_toolInfo);
    }
}

void CToolTips::setUpdate()
{
    SendMessage(m_hToolTips, TTM_UPDATE, , );
}

main.cpp 测试代码

#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <commctrl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include "resource.h"
#include "CToolTips.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "comctl32.lib")

#define MULTILINE_TEXT    TEXT("This\nis a very long text string that must be broken into several lines.")
#define MULTILINE_TEXT_TIME    TEXT("This\nis a very long text string that must be broken into several lines. %d")

LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc1(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

HINSTANCE g_hInst;
CToolTips *g_pToolTips = NULL;
CToolTips *g_pToolTips1 = NULL;

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE, PSTR, int)
{
    g_hInst = hInstance;
    INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX cx = { sizeof(INITCOMMONCONTROLSEX), ICC_BAR_CLASSES };
    BOOL ret = InitCommonControlsEx(&cx);
    return DialogBox(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DIALOG1), NULL, (DLGPROC)MyDlgProc1);
}

void TEST_Constructor(HWND hDlg)
{
    g_pToolTips = new CToolTips(hDlg, g_hInst, true);
    assert(g_pToolTips != NULL);
    g_pToolTips1 = new CToolTips(hDlg, g_hInst, true);
}

void TEST_Destructor()
{
    if (g_pToolTips)
    {
        delete g_pToolTips;
        g_pToolTips = NULL;
    }

    if (g_pToolTips1)
    {
        delete g_pToolTips1;
        g_pToolTips1 = NULL;
    }
}

void TEST_MultilineToolTips()
{
    if (!g_pToolTips)
        return;
    g_pToolTips->setMultiLineText(MULTILINE_TEXT, );
    g_pToolTips->initToolTips();
    POINT pt = { ,  };
    g_pToolTips->setPosition(pt);
    g_pToolTips->setVisible(true);

    if (!g_pToolTips1)
        return;
    g_pToolTips1->setMultiLineText(MULTILINE_TEXT, );
    g_pToolTips1->initToolTips();
    POINT pt1 = { ,  };
    g_pToolTips1->setPosition(pt1);
    g_pToolTips1->setVisible(true);
}

void TEST_StartDynamicUpdate(HWND HDlg)
{
    SetTimer(HDlg, , , NULL);
}
void TEST_DynamicUpdateToolTips(HWND hDlg)
{
    TCHAR buf[] = {  };
    wsprintf(buf, MULTILINE_TEXT_TIME, GetCurrentTime());
    //
    //
    static int i = ;
    if (i %  == )
        g_pToolTips1->setMultiLineText(buf, );
    else
        g_pToolTips->setMultiLineText(buf, );
    i++;
}

void TEST_KillDynamicUpdate(HWND hDlg)
{
    KillTimer(hDlg, );
}

LRESULT CALLBACK MyDlgProc1(HWND hDlg, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    static CToolTips * pToolTips;
    switch (uMsg)
    {
    case WM_INITDIALOG:
        TEST_Constructor(hDlg);
        TEST_MultilineToolTips();
        TEST_StartDynamicUpdate(hDlg);
        break;
    case WM_TIMER:
        TEST_DynamicUpdateToolTips(hDlg);
        break;

    case WM_CLOSE:
        TEST_KillDynamicUpdate(hDlg);
        TEST_Destructor();
        EndDialog(hDlg, FALSE);
        break;
    }
    return FALSE;

}

运行结果如下

创建了两个多行气泡的ToolTips，  定时器每间隔5秒会更新气泡的内容，气泡的位置会随着窗口被拖动而自行 调整， 当窗口处于非激活状态时候气泡自动隐藏。

单鼠标指向某一个气泡的时候，该气泡默认会显示在窗口最顶端。