Rhel6-haproxy+keepalived配置文档

系统环境: rhel6 x86_64 iptables and selinux disabled

主机: 192.168.122.119:haproxy,keepalived server19.example.com

192.168.122.25:haproxy,keepalived server25.example.com

192.168.122.163:apache server63.example.com

192.168.122.193:apache server93.example.com

所需的包:haproxy-1.4.23.tar.gz

相关网址：http://haproxy.1wt.eu/

HAProx提供高可用性、负载均衡以及基于TCP和HTTP应用的代理,支持虚拟主机,它是免费、快速并且可靠的一种解决方案。HAProxy
特别适用于那些负载特大的web站点,
这些站点通常又需要会话保持或七层处理。HAProxy运行在当前的硬件上,完全可以支持数以万计的并发连接。并且它的运行模式使得它可以很简单安全的整合进您当前的架构中,
同时可以保护你的web服务器不被暴露到网络上。

#安装haproxy

以下步骤在server19或server25上实施：

[root@server19 kernel]# yum install rpm-build -y

[root@server19 kernel]# rpmbuild -tb haproxy-1.4.23.tar.gz

此时会出现以下错误:

(1)error: Failed build dependencies:

pcre-devel is needed by haproxy-1.4.23-1.x86_64

(2)/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.9z0hXn: line 28: /usr/bin/make: No such file or directory

(3) make: gcc: Command not found

解决方法如下:

(1)[root@server19
kernel]# yum install pcre-devel -y

(2)[root@server19
kernel]# yum install make -y

(3)[root@server19
kernel]# yum install gcc -y

[root@server19
kernel]# cd ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/

[root@server19
x86_64]# rpm -ivh haproxy-1.4.23-1.x86_64.rpm

的镜像文件中均集成了haproxy，可以直接yum
install haproxy -y进行安装

#配置haproxy

以下步骤在server63和server93上实施：

[root@server63
~]# yum install httpd -y

[root@server63
~]# echo `hostname` > /var/www/html/index.html

[root@server63
~]# /etc/init.d/httpd start

以下步骤在server19或server25上实施：

[root@server19
x86_64]# cd /etc/haproxy/

[root@server19
haproxy]# vim haproxy.cfg

global

log 127.0.0.1 local0 #执行日志设备

log 127.0.0.1 local1 notice

#log loghost local0 info #指定日志类型，还有err,warning,debug

maxconn 4096 #并发最大连接数

chroot /usr/share/haproxy #jail目录

uid 99 #用户

gid 99 #组

daemon #后台运行

#debug

#quiet

defaults

log global

mode http 层

option httplog #http日志格式

option dontlognull #禁止空链接日志

retries 3 次失败认为服务器不可用

option redispatch #当client连接到挂掉的设备时，重新分配到健康的主机

maxconn 2000

contimeout 5000 #连接超时

clitimeout 50000 #客户端超时

srvtimeout 50000 #服务器超时

stats uri /status #开启haproxy监控页面

listen

www.example.com *:80 #监听的实例名称，地址和端口

cookie SERVERID rewrite

balance roundrobin #负载均衡算法

server app1_1 192.168.122.163:80
cookie app1inst1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5

server app1_2 192.168.122.193:80
cookie app1inst2 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5

注释：
cookie
app1inst1 表示serverid为applinst1

check inter2000 检测心跳频率

rise 2 表示2次正确认为服务器可用

fall 5 表示5次失败认为服务器不可用

[root@server19
haproxy]# mkdir /usr/share/haproxy

[root@server19
haproxy]# /etc/init.d/haproxy start

测试：

访问www.example.com
反复刷新,若每次出现的页面不同说明配置成功.(注：访问前先写好解析)

访问haproxy监控页面：www.example.com/status出现如下页面说明配置成功

# 以前端后端的方式进行配置

[root@server19 ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

frontend www.example.com *:80

default_backend back1

backend
back1

balance roundrobin
#负载均衡算法

server
appl_1 192.168.122.163:80 check

server appl_2
192.168.122.193:80 check

[root@server19
~]# /etc/init.d/haproxy reload

#
当后端服务全down,由本机提供服务

[root@server19
~]# yum install httpd -y

[root@server19
~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Listen
127.0.0.1:8008

[root@server19
~]# echo server19.example.com > /var/www/html/index.html

[root@server19
~]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart

注:一定要更换apache的端口，否则将会与haproxy监听的端口冲突，发生错误

[root@server19
~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

frontend
www.example.com *:80

default_backend
back1

backend
back1

balance roundrobin
#负载均衡算法

server
appl_1 192.168.122.163:80 check

server appl_2
192.168.122.193:80 check

server
backup 127.0.0.1:8008 backup

[root@server19
~]# /etc/init.d/haproxy reload

测试：

将后端的server63和server93上的httpd服务关闭，然后访问192.168.122.119能访问到server19上的页面就是表示配置成功。

注：只要server63和server93有一台机子上的httpd服务是好的，就访问不到server19上的页面，server19只作为备机用

#
haproxy的acl配置

[root@server19
~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

frontend
www.example.com *:80

default_backend
back1

acl
badguys src 192.168.122.1

tcp-request content
reject if badguys 不允许192.168.122.1连接

backend
back1

balance roundrobin
#负载均衡算法

server
appl_1 192.168.122.163:80 check

server appl_2
192.168.122.193:80 check

server
backup 127.0.0.1:8008 backup

[root@server19
~]# /etc/init.d/haproxy reload

[root@server19
~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

frontend
www.example.com *:80

default_backend
back1

acl
goodguys src 192.168.122.1

tcp-request content
accept if goodguys

tcp-request
content reject 只允许192.168.122.1访问

backend
back1

balance roundrobin
#负载均衡算法

server
appl_1 192.168.122.163:80 check

server appl_2
192.168.122.193:80 check

server
backup 127.0.0.1:8008 backup

[root@server19
~]# /etc/init.d/haproxy reload

[root@server19
~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

frontend
www.example.com
*:80

default_backend
back1

acl
goodguys src 192.168.122.0/24

tcp-request content
accept if goodguys

tcp-request
content reject

acl
badguys src 192.168.122.1

block if badguys

errorloc 403
http://www.baidu.com
只允许192.168.122.0这个网段的访问,并且当192.168.122.1访问时，允许连接，但是拒绝访问，并将其重定向到百度首页

backend
back1

balance roundrobin
#负载均衡算法

server
appl_1 192.168.122.163:80 check

server appl_2
192.168.122.193:80 check

server
backup 127.0.0.1:8008 backup

[root@server19
~]# /etc/init.d/haproxy reload

#
haproxy的动静分离配置

[root@server19
~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

frontend
www.example.com *:80

acl
url_static path_end -i .jpg

use_backend back2 if url_static

default_backend back1

acl goodguys src 192.168.122.0/24

tcp-request content accept if goodguys

tcp-request content reject

backend
back1

balance roundrobin

server appl_1 192.168.122.163:80 check

server appl_2
192.168.122.193:80 check

backend
back2

balance roundrobin

server static 127.0.0.1:8008 check
默认的访问back1的后端服务（动态），当访问的是以*.jpg结尾的时候，访问back2的后端服务（静态）

[root@server19
~]# /etc/init.d/haproxy reload

#
haproxy的读写分离配置

[root@server19
~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

frontend
www.example.com *:80

acl url_static path_end -i .jpg

use_backend back2 if url_static

default_backend back1

acl read method GET

acl write method POST

use_backend back1 if read

use_backend back3 if write

acl goodguys src 192.168.122.0/24

tcp-request content accept if goodguys

tcp-request content reject

backend
back1

balance roundrobin

server read 192.168.122.163:80 check

backend
back2

balance roundrobin

server static 127.0.0.1:8008 check

backend
back3

balance roundrobin

server write 192.168.122.193:80 check

[root@server19
~]# /etc/init.d/haproxy reload

以下步骤在server63和server93上实施：

[root@server63
~]# yum install php -y

[root@server63
~]# cd /var/www/html/

[root@server63
html]# vim index.php

<html>

<body>

<form
action="upload_file.php" method="post"

enctype="multipart/form-data">

<label
for="file">Filename:</label>

<input
type="file" name="file" id="file" />

<br
/>

<input
type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit"
/>

</form>

</body>

</html>

[root@server63
html]# vim upload_file.php

<?php

if
((($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/gif")

||
($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/jpeg")

||
($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/pjpeg"))

&&
($_FILES["file"]["size"] < 20000))

{

if ($_FILES["file"]["error"] > 0)

{

echo "Return Code: " . $_FILES["file"]["error"]
. "<br />";

}

else

{

echo "Upload: " . $_FILES["file"]["name"]
. "<br />";

echo "Type: " . $_FILES["file"]["type"]
. "<br />";

echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["file"]["size"]
/ 1024) . " Kb<br />";

echo "Temp file: " . $_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"]
. "<br />";

if (file_exists("upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]))

{

echo $_FILES["file"]["name"] . "
already exists. ";

}

else

{

move_uploaded_file($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"],

"upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]);

echo "Stored in: " . "upload/" .
$_FILES["file"]["name"];

}

}

}

else

{

echo "Invalid file";

}

?>

[root@server63
html]# mkdir upload

[root@server63
html]# chmod 777 upload

[root@server63
html]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart

#
给监控页面添加认证

以下步骤在server19或server25上实施：

[root@server19
~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

listen
status_auth 192.168.122.119:8080

stats enable

stats uri /status #监控页面地址

stats auth admin:westos #管理帐号和密码

stats refresh 5s #刷新频率

[root@server19
~]# /etc/init.d/haproxy reload

测试：

访问192.168.122.119:8080/status若出现如下认证页面说明配置成功.

#haproxy日志

以下步骤在server19或server25上实施：

[root@server19 ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

global

log 127.0.0.1 local0

#log 127.0.0.1 local1 notice

log 192.168.122.119 local0 info

…

[root@server19 ~]# vim /etc/rsyslog.conf

# Provides UDP syslog reception

$ModLoad imudp (去掉注释) #接受haproxy日志

$UDPServerRun 514 (去掉注释)

# Don't log private authentication messages!

*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none;local0.none /var/log/messages

# Save boot messages also to boot.log

local7.* /var/log/boot.log

local0.* /var/log/haproxy.log

#指定日志文件位置

[root@server19 ~]# /etc/init.d/rsyslog restart

[root@server19 ~]# /etc/init.d/haproxy reload

测试:

执行tail -f /var/log/haproxy.log查看是否将日志记录在此文件中.

#将haproxy和keepalived整合

注：keepalived的安装方法请看Rhel6-keepalived+lvs.pdf

以下步骤在server19和server25上实施：

[root@server19
x86_64]# rpm -ivh haproxy-1.4.23-1.x86_64.rpm

以下步骤在server19上实施：

[root@server19
~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

global

log 127.0.0.1 local0 #执行日志设备

log 127.0.0.1 local1 notice

#log loghost local0 info #指定日志类型，还有err,warning,debug

maxconn 4096 #并发最大连接数

chroot /usr/share/haproxy #jail目录

uid 99 #用户

gid 99 #组

daemon #后台运行

#debug

#quiet

defaults

log global

mode http 层

option httplog #http日志格式

option dontlognull #禁止空链接日志

retries 3 次失败认为服务器不可用

option redispatch #当client连接到挂掉的设备时，重新分配到健康的主机

maxconn 2000

contimeout 5000 #连接超时

clitimeout 50000 #客户端超时

srvtimeout 50000 #服务器超时

stats uri /status #开启haproxy监控页面

listen

www.example.com *:80 #监听的实例名称，地址和端口

cookie SERVERID rewrite

balance roundrobin #负载均衡算法

server app1_1 192.168.122.163:80
cookie app1inst1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5

server app1_2 192.168.122.193:80
cookie app1inst2 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5

注释：
cookie
app1inst1 表示serverid为applinst1

check inter2000 检测心跳频率

rise 2 表示2次正确认为服务器可用

fall 5 表示5次失败认为服务器不可用

[root@server19
~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

vrrp_script
check_haproxy {

script "/opt/check_haproxy.sh"

interval 2

weight 2

}

global_defs
{

notification_email {

root@localhost

}

notification_email_from keepalived@server19.example.com

smtp_server 127.0.0.1

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

vrrp_instance
VI_1 {

state
MASTER

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 51

priority 100

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.122.178

}

track_script {

check_haproxy

}

}

[root@server19
~]# vim /opt/check_haproxy.sh (脚本内容任选其一即可)

脚本一： #!/bin/bash

/etc/init.d/haproxy
status &> /dev/null || /etc/init.d/haproxy restart &>
/dev/null

if
[ $? -ne 0 ];then

/etc/init.d/keepalived
stop &> /dev/null

fi

脚本二：#!/bin/bash

[
-f /var/run/haproxy.pid ] || /etc/init.d/haproxy restart &>
/dev/null

if
[ $? -ne 0 ];then

/etc/init.d/keepalived
stop &> /dev/null

fi

脚本for
rhel7:

#!/bin/bash

systemctl
status haproxy &> /dev/null || systemctl restart haproxy &>
/dev/null

if
[ $? -ne 0 ];then

systemctl
stop keepalived

fi

[root@server19
~]# chmod +x /opt/check_haproxy.sh

以下步骤在server25上实施：

[root@server25
~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

global

log 127.0.0.1 local0 #执行日志设备

log 127.0.0.1 local1 notice

#log loghost local0 info #指定日志类型，还有err,warning,debug

maxconn 4096 #并发最大连接数

chroot /usr/share/haproxy #jail目录

uid 99 #用户

gid 99 #组

daemon #后台运行

#debug

#quiet

defaults

log global

mode http 层

option httplog #http日志格式

option dontlognull #禁止空链接日志

retries 3 次失败认为服务器不可用

option redispatch #当client连接到挂掉的设备时，重新分配到健康的主机

maxconn 2000

contimeout 5000 #连接超时

clitimeout 50000 #客户端超时

srvtimeout 50000 #服务器超时

stats uri /status #开启haproxy监控页面

listen

www.example.com *:80 #监听的实例名称，地址和端口

cookie SERVERID rewrite

balance roundrobin #负载均衡算法

server app1_1 192.168.122.163:80
cookie app1inst1 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5

server app1_2 192.168.122.193:80
cookie app1inst2 check inter 2000 rise 2 fall 5

注释：
cookie
app1inst1 表示serverid为applinst1

check inter2000 检测心跳频率

rise 2 表示2次正确认为服务器可用

fall 5 表示5次失败认为服务器不可用

[root@server25
~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

vrrp_script
check_haproxy {

script "/opt/check_haproxy.sh"

interval 2

weight 2

}

global_defs
{

notification_email {

root@localhost

}

notification_email_from keepalived@server25.example.com

smtp_server 127.0.0.1

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

vrrp_instance
VI_1 {

state BACKUP

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 51

priority 50

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.122.178

}

track_script {

check_haproxy

}

}

[root@server25
~]# vim /opt/check_haproxy.sh (脚本内容任选其一即可)

脚本一： #!/bin/bash

/etc/init.d/haproxy
status &> /dev/null || /etc/init.d/haproxy restart &>
/dev/null

if
[ $? -ne 0 ];then

/etc/init.d/keepalived
stop &> /dev/null

fi

脚本二：#!/bin/bash

[
-f /var/run/haproxy.pid ] || /etc/init.d/haproxy restart &>
/dev/null

if
[ $? -ne 0 ];then

/etc/init.d/keepalived
stop &> /dev/null

fi

脚本for
rhel7:

#!/bin/bash

systemctl
status haproxy &> /dev/null || systemctl restart haproxy &>
/dev/null

if
[ $? -ne 0 ];then

systemctl
stop keepalived

fi

[root@server25
~]# chmod +x /opt/check_haproxy.sh

以下步骤在server19和server25上实施：

[root@server19
~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start
(此处只需手动把keepalived启动,keepalived将调用check_haproxy.sh脚本把haproxy启动)

测试:

访问192.168.122.178反复刷新页面，每次出现的页面都不同,将server19的keepalived关闭，执行ip
addr show查看虚拟IP是否浮动到server25上,然后再
将server19上的keepalived启动,执行ip
addr show查看虚拟IP是否会浮动回server19上.