Struts2(四)Action一接收参数

一、属性接收参数并输出

导入struts2的包，导入需要的包

和struts.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"

    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>

<!--

    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />

    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="false" />

    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">

        <default-action-ref name="index" />

        <global-results>

            <result name="error">/error.jsp</result>

        </global-results>

        <global-exception-mappings>

            <exception-mapping exception="java.lang.Exception" result="error"/>

        </global-exception-mappings>

        <action name="index">

            <result type="redirectAction">

                <param name="actionName">HelloWorld</param>

                <param name="namespace">/example</param>

            </result>

        </action>

    </package>

    <include file="example.xml"/> -->

    <!-- Add packages here -->

    <!--  开发模式-->

 <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />

 <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">

 <action name="login" class="com.pb.web.action.LoginAction">

 <result>

 /loginSuccess.jsp

 </result>

 </action>

 </package>

</struts>

二、实现登录名和密码的接收和输出

Action接收参数(属性方式)

package com.pb.web.action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

/*

 * 登录响应action

 */

public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport {

    private String userName;

    private String passWord;

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Override

    public String execute() throws Exception {

        return "success";

    }

    public String getUserName() {

        return userName;

    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {

        this.userName = userName;

    }

    public String getPassWord() {

        return passWord;

    }

    public void setPassWord(String passWord) {

        this.passWord = passWord;

    }

}

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

  <display-name>Struts2demo2</display-name>

  <welcome-file-list>

    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>

    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>

    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>

    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>

    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>

  </welcome-file-list>

  <filter>

        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>

    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>

        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

    </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

登录页面和登录成功页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"

    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">

<title>登录页面</title>

</head>

<body>

<form action="login.action" method="post">

<table>

<tr>

<td>用户名:</td>

<td><input type="text" name="userName" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>密码:</td>

<td><input type="password" name="passWord" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td><input type="submit" value="登录" /></td>

<td><input type="reset" value="重置" /></td>

</tr>

</table>

</form>

</body>

</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"

    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

    <!-- 导入struts标签 -->

 <%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">

<title>登录成功页面</title>

</head>

<body>

欢迎您的到来!<s:property value="userName"/>

</body>

</html>

三、Action接收参数一(属性方式)

以上用的就是第一种方式表单参数名称必须在Action中有对应的setter和getter方法

解决乱码问题

修改struts.xml添加

<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="相应的编码格式" />

页面显示:

   <!-- 导入struts标签 -->

 <%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>

应用场景：接收参数字段个数少的时候适合使用，比如：对于搜索应用接收用户输入的查询条件

接收参数字段个数多时，就可以使用JavaBean的方式来接收

四、Action接收参数二(JavaBean形式)

建立实体类

package com.pb.entity;

public class User {

    private String userName;

    private String passWord;

    public String getUserName() {

        return userName;

    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {

        this.userName = userName;

    }

    public String getPassWord() {

        return passWord;

    }

    public void setPassWord(String passWord) {

        this.passWord = passWord;

    }

}

package com.pb.web.action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

import com.pb.entity.User;

/*

 * 登录响应action

 */

public class LoginAction2 extends ActionSupport {

    private User user;

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Override

    public String execute() throws Exception {

        return "success";

    }

    public User getUser() {

        return user;

    }

    public void setUser(User user) {

        this.user = user;

    }

}

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"

    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>

<!--

    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />

    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="false" />

    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">

        <default-action-ref name="index" />

        <global-results>

            <result name="error">/error.jsp</result>

        </global-results>

        <global-exception-mappings>

            <exception-mapping exception="java.lang.Exception" result="error"/>

        </global-exception-mappings>

        <action name="index">

            <result type="redirectAction">

                <param name="actionName">HelloWorld</param>

                <param name="namespace">/example</param>

            </result>

        </action>

    </package>

    <include file="example.xml"/> -->

    <!-- Add packages here -->

    <!--  开发模式-->

 <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />

 <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">

 <action name="login" class="com.pb.web.action.LoginAction">

 <result>

 /loginSuccess.jsp

 </result>

 </action>

 <action  name="login2"  class="com.pb.web.action.LoginAction2">

 <result>

 /loginSuccess2.jsp

 </result>

 </action>

 </package>

</struts>

登录页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"

    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">

<title>登录页面</title>

</head>

<body>

<form action="login2.action" method="post">

<table>

<tr>

<td>用户名:</td>

<!--这里的name要和提交的地址中声明的实体类.属性来用  -->

<td><input type="text" name="user.userName" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>密码:</td>

<!--这里的name要和提交的地址中声明的实体类.属性来用  -->

<td><input type="password" name="user.passWord" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td><input type="submit" value="登录" /></td>

<td><input type="reset" value="重置" /></td>

</tr>

</table>

</form>

</body>

</html>

登录成功页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"

    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

    <!-- 导入struts标签 -->

 <%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">

<title>登录成功页面</title>

</head>

<body>

<!-- 输出：提交的地址中声明的实体类.属性来用-->

欢迎您的到来!<s:property value="user.userName"/>

</body>

</html>

定义实体类，为实体添加属性及setter和getter方式

com.pb.entity.User

为Action添加实体属性以及setter和getter方法

User user

修改表单参数name为实体对象名.属性名这里的对象名要与Action中声名的对象名一致

<input name="user.userName"/>

五、Action接收参数三(ModelDriven形式)

定义实体类，为实体添加属性及setter和getter方式

com.pb.entity.User

创建Action实现接口ModelDriven接口，重写getModel();

Action中要提供JavaBean类型的属性，需要实例化，但不需要相应的setter和getter方法

Form表单项的name属性以及页页面取值通过<s:property value="属性名"/>的形式

实体类:

package com.pb.entity;

public class User {

    private String userName;

    private String passWord;

    public String getUserName() {

        return userName;

    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {

        this.userName = userName;

    }

    public String getPassWord() {

        return passWord;

    }

    public void setPassWord(String passWord) {

        this.passWord = passWord;

    }

}

action

package com.pb.web.action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;

import com.pb.entity.User;

/*

 * 登录响应action3

 */

public class LoginAction3 implements ModelDriven<Object> {

    //实例化对象

    private User user=new User(); 

    //重写接口的方法

    @Override

    public User getModel() {

        return user;

    }

    //要有execute方法

public String execute(){

    return "success";

}

}

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"

    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>

<!--

    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />

    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="false" />

    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">

        <default-action-ref name="index" />

        <global-results>

            <result name="error">/error.jsp</result>

        </global-results>

        <global-exception-mappings>

            <exception-mapping exception="java.lang.Exception" result="error"/>

        </global-exception-mappings>

        <action name="index">

            <result type="redirectAction">

                <param name="actionName">HelloWorld</param>

                <param name="namespace">/example</param>

            </result>

        </action>

    </package>

    <include file="example.xml"/> -->

    <!-- Add packages here -->

    <!--  开发模式-->

 <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />

 <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">

 <action name="login" class="com.pb.web.action.LoginAction">

 <result>

 /loginSuccess.jsp

 </result>

 </action>

 <action  name="login2"  class="com.pb.web.action.LoginAction2">

 <result>

 /loginSuccess2.jsp

 </result>

 </action>

 <action  name="login3"  class="com.pb.web.action.LoginAction3">

 <result>

 /loginSuccess3.jsp

 </result>

 </action>

 </package>

</struts>

登录login3.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"

    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">

<title>登录页面</title>

</head>

<body>

<form action="login3.action" method="post">

<table>

<tr>

<td>用户名:</td>

<!--这里的name要和提交的地址中声明的实体类的属性来用  -->

<td><input type="text" name="userName" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>密码:</td>

<!--这里的name要和提交的地址中声明的实体类的属性来用  -->

<td><input type="password" name="passWord" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td><input type="submit" value="登录" /></td>

<td><input type="reset" value="重置" /></td>

</tr>

</table>

</form>

</body>

</html>

登录成功loginSuccess3.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"

    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

    <!-- 导入struts标签 -->

 <%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">

<title>登录成功页面</title>

</head>

<body>

<!-- 输出：提交的地址中声明的实体类的属性来用-->

欢迎您的到来!<s:property value="userName"/>

</body>

</html>

六、区别

public class User {

private String userName;

private String password;

public String getUserName() {

return userName;

}

public void setUserName(String userName) {

this.userName = userName;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

}

public class School {

private String schoolName;

private String schoolAddress;

private String schoolName;

private String schoolAddress;

public String getSchoolName() {

return schoolName;

}

public void setSchoolName(String schoolName) {

this.schoolName = schoolName;

}

public String getSchoolAddress() {

return schoolAddress;

}

public void setSchoolAddress(String schoolAddress) {

this.schoolAddress = schoolAddress;

}

}

Action 使用ModelDriven 方式代码如下：

public class UserAction implements ModelDriven{

private User user=new User();

private School school=new School();

@Override

public User getModel() {

return user;

}

public String execute(){

return "success";

}

}

/*上述代码中，属性中尽管有两个Model（user 以及school），但是只有一个可以被getModel()

返回（user），这个实体用于接收参数。*/

Action 使用JavaBean 方式代码如下：

public class UserAction2 {

private User user;

private School school;

public User getUser() {

return user;

}

public void setUser(User user) {

this.user = user;

}

public School getSchool() {

return school;

}

public void setSchool(School school) {

this.school = school;

}

public String execute(){

return "success";

}

}

/*上述代码中，同样声明了两个Model（user 以及school），这两个实体都可以用于接收参数。*/

Action 接收参数：ModelDriven 方式与属性方式区别

ModelDriven 方式和属性方式同时存在Action 中时， ModelDriven 方式优先被赋值

//实体类User

public class User {

private String userName;

private String password;

public String getUserName() {

return userName;

}

public void setUserName(String userName) {

this.userName = userName;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

}

Action 代码如下，同时使用了ModelDriven 以及属性方式。并且在execute()方法中在控
制台分别为两种方式的属性输出了相应语句。

package com.pb.web.action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;

import com.pb.entity.User;

/*

 * 登录响应action3

 */

public class LoginAction3 implements ModelDriven<Object> {

    //实例化对象

    private User user=new User();

    private String userName;

    private String passWord;

    //重写接口的方法

    @Override

    public User getModel() {

        return user;

    }

    //要有execute方法

public String execute(){

    System.out.println("使用ModelDriven 方式:"+user.getUserName());

    System.out.println("使用ModelDriven 方式:"+user.getPassWord());

    System.out.println("使用属性 方式:"+userName);

    System.out.println("使用属性 方式:"+passWord);

    return "success";

}

public String getUserName() {

    return userName;

}

public void setUserName(String userName) {

    this.userName = userName;

}

public String getPassWord() {

    return passWord;

}

public void setPassWord(String passWord) {

    this.passWord = passWord;

}

}

在struts.xml 中配置Action 如下：

<action name="login3" class="com.pb.web.action.UserAction3">

<result>

/loginSuccess3.jsp

</result>

</action>

登录页面login3.jsp 表单代码如下：

<form action="login3" method="post">

用户名：<input type="text" name="userName"/><br>

用户密码：<input type="password" name="password"/><br>

<input type="submit" value="登录">&nbsp;&nbsp;

<input type="reset" value="重置">

</form>

登录成功loginSuccess3.jsp 主要代码如下：

登录成功！欢迎你：<s:property value="userName"/>

控制台打印

使用ModelDriven 方式:去去去

使用ModelDriven 方式:qqq

使用属性 方式:null

使用属性 方式:null

七、三种方试对比

三种Action 接收参数的方式中，当Action 接收非字符串类型参数时，Action 中相应属性最好设置为包装类型。