mysql主从之主机名导致主从机制失败的问题
一 主库
mysql主服务器的正确配置需要指定log-bin、log-bin-index
server-id = 1
log-bin=master-bin
log-bin-index = master-bin.index
如果使用正确的配置，主机名改变后，即使mysql重启了，主从同步是能够照常进行的。
如不指定的话，binlog文件名就会依赖于主机名，如下配置
server-id = 1
log-bin
例如配置变为：
[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
skip-name-resolve
slow_query_log=on
long_query_time=
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/mysql-slow.log
innodb-file-per-table=
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit =
log_warnings =
connect_timeout =
net_read_timeout =
performance_schema_max_table_instances =
server-id =
log-bin #之开启斌log日志，不指定日志名 [mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/mysql/mysqld.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid
主机名改变会导致binlog文件名改变，binlog文件名改变，主从同步会出问题，多台从库的话，所有从库都会出问题
[root@master mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@master mysql]# hostnamectl set-hostname mater1
[root@master mysql]# hostname
mater1
[root@master mysql]# systemctl restart mysqld
[root@master mysql]# ll
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : auto.cnf
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : ibdata1
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : ib_logfile0
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : ib_logfile1
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : ibtmp1
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : master-bin.
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : master-bin.
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : master-bin.index
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : mater1-bin.000001 #改变之后的日志名
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : mater1-bin.index
drwxr-x---. mysql mysql Jul : mysql
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : mysql-slow.log
srwxrwxrwx. mysql mysql Jul : mysql.sock
-rw-------. mysql mysql Jul : mysql.sock.lock
drwxr-x---. mysql mysql Jul : performance_schema
drwxr-x---. mysql mysql Jul : sys
查看slave的状态
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** . row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.132.121
Master_User: replication
Master_Port:
Connect_Retry:
Master_Log_File: master-bin.
Read_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.
Relay_Log_Pos:
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno:
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter:
Exec_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_Space:
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos:
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno:
Last_IO_Error: Got fatal error from master when reading data from binary log: 'Could not find first log file name in binary log index file' #错误信息
Last_SQL_Errno:
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id:
Master_UUID: 77278e78-9da8-11e9-bc6c-000c2991dd19
Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay:
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count:
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: ::
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position:
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
主端创建库
mysql> create database darren;
Query OK, row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> use darren;
Database changed
mysql> create table test (id int);
Query OK, rows affected (0.01 sec)
测试shell脚本，一直在主库插入数据
[root@master mysql]# while true ; do mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'use darren;insert into test values (1);'; sleep 1; done
演示主从同步失败
Last_IO_Errno: 1236
Last_IO_Error: Got fatal error 1236 from master when reading data from binary log: 'Could not find first log file name in binary log index file'
处理方法
stop slave; #停止同步
reset slave; #重置slave，这个操作会使用slave的配置丢失，由于binlog文件名改变了，所以slave得重新配置
#从新binlog的第一个binlog文件+第一个位置
主端信息：
mysql> show master logs;
+-------------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+-------------------+-----------+
| mater1-bin. | |
+-------------------+-----------+
row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show binlog events in 'mater1-bin.000001';
+-------------------+-------+----------------+-----------+-------------+------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+-------------------+-------+----------------+-----------+-------------+------------------------------------------+
| mater1-bin. | | Format_desc | | | Server ver: 5.7.-log, Binlog ver: |
| mater1-bin. | | Previous_gtids | | | |
| mater1-bin. | | Anonymous_Gtid | | | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS' |
......
| mater1-bin. | | Query | | | BEGIN |
| mater1-bin. | | Table_map | | | table_id: (darren.test) |
| mater1-bin. | | Write_rows | | | table_id: flags: STMT_END_F |
| mater1-bin. | | Xid | | | COMMIT /* xid=209 */ |
+-------------------+-------+----------------+-----------+-------------+------------------------------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
日志的第一个位置4
从端配置
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> reset slave;
Query OK, rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.132.121',master_port=,master_user='replication',master_password='',master_log_file='mater1-bin.000001',master_log_pos=;
Query OK, rows affected, warnings (0.01 sec) mysql> start slave;
Query OK, rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** . row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.132.121
Master_User: replication
Master_Port:
Connect_Retry:
Master_Log_File: mater1-bin.
Read_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.
Relay_Log_Pos:
Relay_Master_Log_File: mater1-bin.
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno:
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter:
Exec_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_Space:
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos:
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master:
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno:
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno:
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id:
Master_UUID: 77278e78-9da8-11e9-bc6c-000c2991dd19
Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay:
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count:
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position:
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
row in set (0.00 sec)
验证数据
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| darren |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> use darren;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_darren |
+------------------+
| test |
+------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from test;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
验证成功
二 从库
mysql从库正确的配置需要指定relay-log、relay-log-index
server-id = 2
relay-log = relay-log
relay-log-index = relay-log.index
如果是使用正确的配置，从库重启的话，主从同步能够照常进行。
没指定relay-log、relay-log-index
默认依赖于主机名，主机名改变，有发生mysql重启，重启后主从同步失败
配置如下：
[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
skip-name-resolve
slow_query_log=on
long_query_time=
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql/mysql-slow.log
innodb-file-per-table=
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit =
log_warnings =
connect_timeout =
net_read_timeout =
performance_schema_max_table_instances =
server-id = [mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/mysql/mysqld.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid
[root@slave ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname slave1
[root@slave ~]# hostname
slave1
[root@slave ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@slave ~]# cd /data/mysql/
[root@slave mysql]# ll
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : auto.cnf
drwxr-x---. mysql mysql Jul : darren
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : ibdata1
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : ib_logfile0
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : ib_logfile1
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : ibtmp1
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : master.info
drwxr-x---. mysql mysql Jul : mysql
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : mysql-slow.log
srwxrwxrwx. mysql mysql Jul : mysql.sock
-rw-------. mysql mysql Jul : mysql.sock.lock
drwxr-x---. mysql mysql Jul : performance_schema
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : relay-log.
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : relay-log.
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : relay-log.index
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : relay-log.info
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : slave1-relay-bin.000001 #新的日志名
-rw-r-----. mysql mysql Jul : slave1-relay-bin.index
drwxr-x---. mysql mysql Jul : sys
进入数据库
mysql> start slave;
ERROR (HY000): Slave failed to initialize relay log info structure from the repository
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** . row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.132.121
Master_User: replication
Master_Port:
Connect_Retry:
Master_Log_File: mater1-bin.
Read_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.
Relay_Log_Pos:
Relay_Master_Log_File: mater1-bin.
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno:
Last_Error: Slave failed to initialize relay log info structure from the repository
Skip_Counter:
Exec_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_Space:
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos:
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno:
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno:
Last_SQL_Error: Slave failed to initialize relay log info structure from the repository
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id:
Master_UUID: 77278e78-9da8-11e9-bc6c-000c2991dd19
Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay:
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Master_Retry_Count:
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: ::
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position:
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
row in set (0.00 sec)
Last_Errno: 1872
Last_Error: Slave failed to initialize relay log info structure from the repository
解决方案
需要记录当前主从同步的位置信息，一定得记录，不然同步的数据就会不全
Master_Log_File: mater1-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 10330
模拟主库正在写数据
[root@master mysql]# while true ; do mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'use darren;insert into test values (1);'; sleep 1; done
从库修复
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.132.121',master_port=,master_user='replication',master_password='',master_log_file='mater1-bin.000001',master_log_pos=;
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** . row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.132.121
Master_User: replication
Master_Port:
Connect_Retry:
Master_Log_File: mater1-bin.
Read_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_File: slave1-relay-bin.
Relay_Log_Pos:
Relay_Master_Log_File: mater1-bin.
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno:
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter:
Exec_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_Space:
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos:
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master:
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno:
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno:
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id:
Master_UUID: 77278e78-9da8-11e9-bc6c-000c2991dd19
Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay:
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count:
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position:
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
验证数据一致性
主库：
mysql> select * from darren.test;
rows in set (0.00 sec)
从库：
mysql> select * from darren.test;
rows in set (0.00 sec)
实验完成，回复原有正确配置
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