Python学习---抽屉框架分析[小评论分析]0315
注： 此处的小评论涉及数据库操作
初级小评论代码
settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
'app01', # 注册app
]
STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "statics"),) # 现添加的配置,这里是元组，注意逗号
TEMPLATES = [
...
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
]
urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
# 评论
url('comment/', views.Node.Comment)
]
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import redirect
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from app01 import models class Node:
@staticmethod
def digui(ret, row):
for item in ret:
if row['parent_id'] == item['id']:
row['children'] = []
item['children'].append(row)
break
else:
Node.digui(item['children'], row)
@staticmethod
def create_commen_tree(comment_list):
ret = []
'''
ret=[
{'id':1, 'content':'Python', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None, 'children':[]},
{'id':2, 'content':'JAVA', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None, 'children':[]},
{'id':3, 'content':'C++', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None, 'children':[]}
]
'''
for row in comment_list:
if not row['parent_id']:
row['children'] = []
ret.append(row)
else:
Node.digui(ret, row)
return ret # 评论
def Comment(request):
'''
【标准】方式一：这里是从数据库内取值
news_id = 1
# 获取新闻id=1的新闻，页面不能直接循环，否则显示不出来层级关系
commen_list = models.Comment.objects.filter(news_id=news_id)
for row in commen_list:
print(row.id, row.content, row.userInfo.name, row.parent_id) return HttpResponse("OK")
'''
# 方式二： 这里是模仿来实现评论的级别关系
comment_list = [
{'id':1, 'content':'Python', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},
{'id':2, 'content':'JAVA', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},
{'id':3, 'content':'C++', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},
{'id':4, 'content':'PHP', 'user':'BBB', 'parent_id': 1},
{'id':5, 'content':'HTML', 'user':'CCC', 'parent_id': 1},
{'id':6, 'content':'CSS', 'user':'DDD', 'parent_id': 4},
{'id':7, 'content':'JavaScript', 'user':'EEE', 'parent_id': 2},
{'id':8, 'content':'Python', 'user':'FFF', 'parent_id': 3},
{'id':9, 'content':'C#', 'user':'GGG', 'parent_id': 2},
{'id':10, 'content':'Shell', 'user':'HHH', 'parent_id': 4},
{'id':11, 'content':'C语言', 'user':'XXX', 'parent_id': 6},
]
comment_tree = Node.create_commen_tree(comment_list)
for item in comment_tree:
print(item)
return HttpResponse("OK")
models.py
from django.db import models # Create your models here. # 新闻表
class News(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=32) # 用户表
class UserInfo(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=32) # 评论表
class Comment(models.Model):
content = models.CharField(max_length=150)
userInfo = models.ForeignKey("UserInfo", on_delete=True)
news = models.ForeignKey("News", on_delete=True)
parent = models.ForeignKey("self", on_delete=True, related_name='o', null=True)
ctime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, null=True)
页面显示；
初始化数据库
python manage.py makemigrations python manage.py migrate
高级小评论代码
原理解析：
因为li[列表]是引用类型，所以v和li引用同一个地址，v增加后li也同时增加
li = [
[1,2,3,4,5],
[1,2,3,4,5,6],
]
v = li
v.append([000,111,222])
print(li)
print(v)
同上原理,每个字典更改后，其内部的内容包括引用的内容都会修改
li = [
{'id': 10, 'content': 'Shell', 'user': 'HHH', 'parent_id': 4},
{'id': 11, 'content': 'C语言', 'user': 'XXX', 'parent_id': 6},
]
v = li
for item in li:
item.update({'children' : []}) # 每个列表里面添加children属性，有则更改，无责添加
print('li里的元素：\n', li) # 为每隔row添加children属性
for row in li:
if row['id'] == 11:
row['children'].append(row) li[1]['user'] = 'FTL' # 此时li[1]里面的内容全部修改了包括内部children中的name
# 在item里的children元素添加item内容
for item in li:
print('children添加元素：\n', item, item['children'])
内容显示：
小评论高级算法：
comment_list = [
{'id':1, 'content':'Python', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},
{'id':2, 'content':'JAVA', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},
{'id':3, 'content':'C++', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},
{'id':4, 'content':'PHP', 'user':'BBB', 'parent_id': 1},
{'id':5, 'content':'HTML', 'user':'CCC', 'parent_id': 1},
{'id':6, 'content':'CSS', 'user':'DDD', 'parent_id': 4},
{'id':7, 'content':'JavaScript', 'user':'EEE', 'parent_id': 2},
{'id':8, 'content':'Python', 'user':'FFF', 'parent_id': 3},
{'id':9, 'content':'C#', 'user':'GGG', 'parent_id': 2},
{'id':10, 'content':'Shell', 'user':'HHH', 'parent_id': 4},
{'id':11, 'content':'C语言', 'user':'XXX', 'parent_id': 6},
]
'''
方法一： for循环，效率低
ret = []
for it in comment_list:
it.update({'children': []})
for item in comment_list:
current_row = item
current_row_parentId = current_row['parent_id']
if not current_row_parentId:
ret.append(current_row)
else:
for row in comment_list: # 效率低，从头到尾又循环了一遍
if row['id'] == current_row_parentId:
row['children'].append(item)
print(ret)
'''
# 方法二： 利用字典的get效率更高，因为字典的key会转换为哈希字符串，get相当于根据sql里面的索引查找
ret = []
comment_list_dict={}
for item in comment_list:
item.update({"children":[]})
#有则更改，无责添加： comment_list_dict={1:{'id':1, 'content':'Python', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},}
comment_list_dict[item['id']]=item
for row in comment_list:
current_now_parentID = row['parent_id']
parent_row = comment_list_dict.get(current_now_parentID) # 找到了父级row
if not parent_row:
ret.append(row)
else:
parent_row['children'].append(row) # 直接给父级row的children添加当前元素
print(ret)
小评论高级完整版[前台处理数据，推荐使用]
settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
'app01', # 注册app
]
STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "statics"),) # 现添加的配置,这里是元组，注意逗号
TEMPLATES = [
...
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
]
urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
# 评论
url('comment/', views.comment),
url('index/', views.index),
]
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, HttpResponse
from app01 import models #小评论高级算法
def comment(request):
'''
数据库的操作：
nid = request.GET.get('nid')
comment_list=models.obects.filter(nid=nid).values('id',...) # 利用value进行字段内容的获取
commont_list --> ret [进行树形结构的转换，这里直接用固定的内容演示]
'''
comment_list = [
{'id':1, 'content':'Python', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},
{'id':2, 'content':'JAVA', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},
{'id':3, 'content':'C++', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},
{'id':4, 'content':'PHP', 'user':'BBB', 'parent_id': 1},
{'id':5, 'content':'HTML', 'user':'CCC', 'parent_id': 1},
{'id':6, 'content':'CSS', 'user':'DDD', 'parent_id': 4},
{'id':7, 'content':'JavaScript', 'user':'EEE', 'parent_id': 2},
{'id':8, 'content':'Python', 'user':'FFF', 'parent_id': 3},
{'id':9, 'content':'C#', 'user':'GGG', 'parent_id': 2},
{'id':10, 'content':'Shell', 'user':'HHH', 'parent_id': 4},
{'id':11, 'content':'C语言', 'user':'XXX', 'parent_id': 6},
]
ret = []
comment_list_dict={}
for item in comment_list:
item.update({"children":[]})
# 有则更改，无责添加： comment_list_dict={1:{'id':1, 'content':'Python', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},}
comment_list_dict[item['id']]=item for row in comment_list:
current_now_parentID = row['parent_id']
parent_row = comment_list_dict.get(current_now_parentID) # 找到了父级row
if not parent_row:
ret.append(row)
else:
parent_row['children'].append(row) # 直接给父级row的children添加当前元素
print(ret)
import json
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(comment_list)) def index(request):
return render(request, 'index.html')
models.py[未用到，静态数据源]
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
# 新闻表
class News(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
# 用户表
class UserInfo(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
# 评论表
class Comment(models.Model):
content = models.CharField(max_length=150)
userInfo = models.ForeignKey("UserInfo", on_delete=True)
news = models.ForeignKey("News", on_delete=True)
parent = models.ForeignKey("self", on_delete=True, related_name='o', null=True)
ctime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, null=True)
templates/comment.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> </head>
<body> </body>
</html>
templates/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head> <meta charset="UTF-8">
<style>
.comment-box {
margin-left: 10px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="item">
<h2>[静态演示效果]</h2>
<a nid="17" class="com">评论</a>
{#comment-box表示一个评论#}
<div class="comment-list">
<div class="comment-box">
<span>Python开发</span>
<div class="comment-box">
<span>Java开发</span>
<div class="comment-box">
<span>C开发</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="comment-box">
<span>PHP开发</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="comment-box">
<span>手机厂商</span>
<div class="comment-box">
<span>Huawei</span>
<div class="comment-box">
<span>XiaoMi</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="comment-box">
<span>Apple</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div><hr>
<div class="item">
<h3>动态演示效果，点击显示评论</h3>
<a nid="18" class="com">评论</a>
</div><hr>
</body>
<script src="/static/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script>
<script>
// 页面加载完成后实现绑定小姑
$(function () {
bindCommentEvent();
}); function bindCommentEvent() {
$(".com").click(function () {
var news_id = $(this).attr('nid');
console.log(news_id);
var $this = $(this);
$.ajax({
url:'/comment/',
type:'GET',
// 一个date引发的错误
data: {nid:news_id},
dataType: "JSON",
success: function (args) {
console.log(args);
create_tree(args, $this);
}
})
})
}
// 递归
function digui(child_data) {
var html = "";
$.each(child_data, function (k1, v1) {
var b = '<div class="comment-box"><span>';
b += v1.content;
b += '</span>';
son = digui(v1.children);
b += son;
b += '</div>';
html += b;
});
console.log("HTML:",html)
return html;
}
function create_tree(data,$this) {
var html = '<div class="comment-list">';
{# 注意这里是在函数内获取到key,value,然后从value里面获取内容#}
$.each(data, function (k, v) {
var a = '<div class="comment-box"><span>';
a += v.content + "</span>";
// 添加子评论
var child = digui(v.children);
console.log(child);
a += child;
a +='</div>';
html += a;
});
html += '</div>';
console.log($this);
$this.append(html);
}
</script>
</html>
页面显示；
初始化数据库
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
小评论最终版[后台进行tempaltetags来处理递归数据，不推荐]
settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
'app01', # 注册app
]
STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "statics"),) # 现添加的配置,这里是元组，注意逗号
TEMPLATES = [
...
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
]
urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
# 评论
url('comment/', views.comment),
url('index/', views.index),
]
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, HttpResponse
from app01 import models #小评论高级算法
def comment(request):
'''
数据库的操作：
nid = request.GET.get('nid')
comment_list=models.obects.filter(nid=nid).values('id',...) # 利用value进行字段内容的获取
commont_list --> ret [进行树形结构的转换，这里直接用固定的内容演示]
'''
comment_list = [
{'id':1, 'content':'Python', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},
{'id':2, 'content':'JAVA', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},
{'id':3, 'content':'C++', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},
{'id':4, 'content':'PHP', 'user':'BBB', 'parent_id': 1},
{'id':5, 'content':'HTML', 'user':'CCC', 'parent_id': 1},
{'id':6, 'content':'CSS', 'user':'DDD', 'parent_id': 4},
{'id':7, 'content':'JavaScript', 'user':'EEE', 'parent_id': 2},
{'id':8, 'content':'Python', 'user':'FFF', 'parent_id': 3},
{'id':9, 'content':'C#', 'user':'GGG', 'parent_id': 2},
{'id':10, 'content':'Shell', 'user':'HHH', 'parent_id': 4},
{'id':11, 'content':'C语言', 'user':'XXX', 'parent_id': 6},
]
ret = []
comment_list_dict={}
for item in comment_list:
item.update({"children":[]})
# 有则更改，无责添加： comment_list_dict={1:{'id':1, 'content':'Python', 'user':'AAA', 'parent_id': None},}
comment_list_dict[item['id']]=item for row in comment_list:
current_now_parentID = row['parent_id']
parent_row = comment_list_dict.get(current_now_parentID) # 找到了父级row
if not parent_row:
ret.append(row)
else:
parent_row['children'].append(row) # 直接给父级row的children添加当前元素
print(ret)
return render(request,'comment.html', {"ret":ret}) def index(request):
return render(request, 'index.html')
models.py[未用到，静态数据源]
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
# 新闻表
class News(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
# 用户表
class UserInfo(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
# 评论表
class Comment(models.Model):
content = models.CharField(max_length=150)
userInfo = models.ForeignKey("UserInfo", on_delete=True)
news = models.ForeignKey("News", on_delete=True)
parent = models.ForeignKey("self", on_delete=True, related_name='o', null=True)
ctime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, null=True)
App01/tempalatetags/hhh.py
from django import template
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
register = template.Library() def diGui(children_list):
html = ""
for cv in children_list:
b = '<div class="comment-box"><span>'
b += cv['content'] + "</span>"
b += diGui(cv['children'])
b += "</div>"
html += b
return html @register.simple_tag
def create_tree(comment_list):
html = '<div class="comment-list">'
for v in comment_list:
a = '<div class="comment-box"><span>'
a += v['content'] + "</span>"
a += diGui(v['children'])
a += "</div>"
html += a
return mark_safe(html) # 不添加界面只显示源代码，并不进行html渲染
templates/comment.html
{% load hhh %}
{% create_tree ret %}
templates/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head> <meta charset="UTF-8">
<style>
.comment-box {
margin-left: 10px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="item">
<h2>[静态演示效果]</h2>
<a nid="17" class="com">评论</a>
{#comment-box表示一个评论#}
<div class="comment-list">
<div class="comment-box">
<span>Python开发</span>
<div class="comment-box">
<span>Java开发</span>
<div class="comment-box">
<span>C开发</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="comment-box">
<span>PHP开发</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="comment-box">
<span>手机厂商</span>
<div class="comment-box">
<span>Huawei</span>
<div class="comment-box">
<span>XiaoMi</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="comment-box">
<span>Apple</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div><hr>
<div class="item">
<h3>动态演示效果，点击显示评论</h3>
<a nid="18" class="com">评论</a>
</div><hr>
</body>
<script src="/static/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script>
<script>
// 页面加载完成后实现绑定小姑
$(function () {
bindCommentEvent();
}); function bindCommentEvent() {
$(".com").click(function () {
var news_id = $(this).attr('nid');
console.log(news_id);
var $this = $(this);
$.ajax({
url:'/comment/',
type:'GET',
// 一个date引发的错误
data: {nid:news_id},
dataType: "html",
success: function (args) {
console.log('HHH');
console.log(args);
{# create_tree(args, $this);#}
$this.after(args);
}
})
})
}
/**
function digui(child_data) {
var html = "";
$.each(child_data, function (k1, v1) {
var b = '<div class="comment-box"><span>';
b += v1.content;
b += '</span>';
son = digui(v1.children);
b += son;
b += '</div>';
html += b;
});
console.log("HTML:",html)
return html;
} function create_tree(data,$this) {
var html = '<div class="comment-list">';
{# 注意这里是在函数内获取到key,value,然后从value里面获取内容#}
$.each(data, function (k, v) {
var a = '<div class="comment-box"><span>';
a += v.content + "</span>";
// 添加子评论
var child = digui(v.children);
console.log(child);
a += child;
a +='</div>';
html += a;
});
html += '</div>';
console.log($this);
$this.after(html);
}
**/
</script>
</html>
页面显示；
初始化数据库
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
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