c# winform快捷键实现

我们在软件中经常用到快捷键，这里整理备份一下。

首先我们要定义可以作为快捷键的按键，以下是整理的 一些，自己可以根据情况来修改

  public static Dictionary<int, string> HotKeys = new Dictionary<int, string>()
        {
            {,""},
            {,""},
            {,""},
            {,""},
            {,""},
            {,""},
            {,""},
            {,""},
            {,""},
            {,""},
            {,"A"},
            {,"B"},
            {,"C"},
            {,"D"},
            {,"E"},
            {,"F"},
            {,"G"},
            {,"H"},
            {,"I"},
            {,"J"},
            {,"K"},
            {,"L"},
            {,"M"},
            {,"N"},
            {,"O"},
            {,"P"},
            {,"Q"},
            {,"R"},
            {,"S"},
            {,"T"},
            {,"U"},
            {,"V"},
            {,"W"},
            {,"X"},
            {,"Y"},
            {,"Z"},
            {,"F1"},
            {,"F2"},
            {,"F3"},
            {,"F4"},
            {,"F5"},
            {,"F6"},
            {,"F7"},
            {,"F8"},
            {,"F9"},
            {,"F10"},
            {,"F11"},
            {,"F12"},
            {,"PageUp"},
            {,"PageDown"},
            {,"End"},
            {,"Home"},
            {,"←"},
            {,"↑"},
            {,"→"},
            {,"↓"},
            {,"Insert"},
            {,"Delete"},
            {,";"},
            {,"="},
            {,","},
            {,"-"},
            {,"."},
            {,"/"},
            {,"`"},
            {,"["},
            {,"\\"},
            {,"]"}
        };

然后弄个数据表存一下定义功能对应的快捷键，表结构如下

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[HotKey](
    [ID] [int] IDENTITY(,) NOT NULL,
    [FrmName] [nvarchar]() NULL,
    [Sort] [int] NULL,
    [ActionName] [nvarchar]() NULL,
    [ActionKey] [nvarchar]() NULL,
    [KeyValue] [nvarchar]() NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'界面' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'HotKey', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'FrmName'
GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'顺序' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'HotKey', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'Sort'
GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'功能名称' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'HotKey', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'ActionName'
GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'功能编码' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'HotKey', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'ActionKey'
GO

EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'热键' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'HotKey', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'KeyValue'
GO

系统启动的时候缓存一下设置的快捷键

public static List<HotKey> HotKeySetting { get; set; }

基类窗体里面写窗体的

写KeyUP  和KeyDown事件

 bool m_blnCtrl = false;
 bool m_blnAlt = false;
 bool m_blnShift = false;

        [Description("定义的热键列表"), Category("自定义")]
        public Dictionary<int, string> HotKeys { get; set; }
        //如果事件返回true则表示已经找到了快捷键事件，则不再向下传递
        public delegate bool HotKeyEventHandler(string strHotKey);
        /// <summary>
        /// 热键事件
        /// </summary>
        [Description("热键事件"), Category("自定义")]
        public event HotKeyEventHandler HotKeyDown;

 protected void FrmBase_KeyUp(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
        {
            if (HotKeyDown != null && HotKeys != null)
            {
                if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Control || e.KeyCode == Keys.ControlKey)
                    m_blnCtrl = false;
                if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Alt || e.KeyCode == Keys.Menu)
                    m_blnAlt = false;
                if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Shift || e.KeyCode == Keys.ShiftKey)
                    m_blnShift = false;
            }
        }

        protected void FrmBase_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
        {
            if (HotKeyDown != null && HotKeys != null)
            {
                if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Control || e.KeyCode == Keys.ControlKey)
                    m_blnCtrl = true;
                if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Alt || e.KeyCode == Keys.Menu)
                    m_blnAlt = true;
                if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Shift || e.KeyCode == Keys.ShiftKey)
                    m_blnShift = true;
                if (HotKeys.ContainsKey(e.KeyValue))
                {
                    string strKey = string.Empty;
                    if (m_blnCtrl)
                    {
                        strKey += "Ctrl+";
                    }
                    if (m_blnAlt)
                    {
                        strKey += "Alt+";
                    }
                    if (m_blnShift)
                    {
                        strKey += "Shift+";
                    }
                    strKey += HotKeys[e.KeyValue];

                    if (HotKeyDown(strKey))
                    {
                        e.Handled = true;
                        e.SuppressKeyPress = true;
                    }
                }
            }
        }            

你会注意到keyup和kedown事件的修饰符是protected，为什么要用protected呢？是因为窗体的一些输入控件的按键事件是不会传递到窗体的，比如textbox这些，所有需要手动指定一下

子窗体中注册事件就可以了，如果你没有用基类窗体，那么直接写在一起就可以了

this.HotKeys = HotKeys;
            this.HotKeyDown += FrmMain_HotKeyDown;
            //将输入框的2个事件指向窗体的2个事件
            this.txtSearch.KeyDown += this.FrmBase_KeyDown;
            this.txtSearch.KeyUp += this.FrmBase_KeyUp;

/// <summary>
        /// 热键按下事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strHotKey">热键值</param>
        /// <returns>当返回true则表示不再向下传递按键事件，通常当匹配到热键操作后返回true</returns>
        bool FrmMain_HotKeyDown(string strHotKey)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(strHotKey);
            string strHotAction = GetHotKeyAction("FrmMain", strHotKey);
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(strHotAction))
                return false;
            else
            {
                //这里根据返回的功能名称做操作就可以了
                return true;
            }
        }

public static string GetHotKeyAction(string strFrom, string strHotKey)
        {
            var entity = HotKeySetting.Find(p => p.FrmName.ToLower() == strFrom.ToLower() && p.KeyValue.ToStringExt().ToLower() == strHotKey.ToLower());
            if (entity != null)
                return entity.ActionKey;
            else
                return string.Empty;
        }

这样就可以了