如何优雅的写UI——（2）MFC下基于CFormView的文档视图程序

在MFC中可以创建多种类型的窗口程序，如对话框程序、单文档结构程序（非文档/视图结构）、单文档（文档/视图结构）以及多文档视图结构程序等。

在编写一般的小工具时，我们的首选显然是对话框程序，不过基于对话框的程序不支持视图类，有些功能实现起来会麻烦许多。此时我们可以使用CFormView作为基类来创建单文档（非文档/视图结构）和单文档（文档/视图结构）的程序。

一、使用MFC向导创建程序

（1）单文档（文档/视图结构）

（2）不需要状态栏和工具栏

（3）使用CFormView作为基类

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" 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（4）使用向导创建好的程序窗口

二、程序初始化设置

在这个由MFC向导创建的程序窗口中有些功能或许是我们不想要的，比如视图标题、视图凹陷效果、菜单栏、鼠标拖动窗口边框调整窗口大小等。

1. 不显示视图标题、禁止以拖动方式调整窗口大小、禁用菜单栏

BOOL CMainFrame::PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs)
{
    if( !CFrameWnd::PreCreateWindow(cs) )
        return FALSE;
    // TODO: 在此处通过修改
    //  CREATESTRUCT cs 来修改窗口类或样式
    cs.style &= ~FWS_ADDTOTITLE;  /* 不显示视图标题 */
    cs.style &= ~WS_THICKFRAME; /* 禁止以拖动方式调整窗口大小 */
    cs.hMenu = NULL;
    return TRUE;
}

2. 去除视图凹陷效果

BOOL CTestView::PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs)
{
    // TODO: 在此处通过修改
    //  CREATESTRUCT cs 来修改窗口类或样式
    cs.style &= ~WS_BORDER; /* 去除视图凹陷效果 */

    return CFormView::PreCreateWindow(cs);
}

3. 修改程序窗口标题

BOOL CTestApp::InitInstance()
{

    ....

    ....

    ....

    m_pMainWnd->SetWindowText( L"测试程序" ); /* 修改程序窗口标题 */

    // 唯一的一个窗口已初始化，因此显示它并对其进行更新
    m_pMainWnd->ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);
    m_pMainWnd->UpdateWindow();
    // 仅当具有后缀时才调用 DragAcceptFiles
    //  在 SDI 应用程序中，这应在 ProcessShellCommand  之后发生
    return TRUE;

}

结果：

下一篇我会教大家如何动态创建好看的选项卡

代码：tab.zip