【ORACLE】oracle11g RAC搭建

--安装好操作系统（rhel-server-6.7 on vmware）

注意事项：

1.磁盘配置lvm

2.账号密码 root/oracle

--------------------------------节点1、节点2-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- 配置主机名、ip

注意事项：

1.配置RAC需要两块网卡，提前添加

2.如果节点2是克隆节点1，记得修改主机名和网卡mac地址，并删除/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules文件后重启系统

vim /etc/sysconfig/network

cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

vim ifcfg-eth0

ONBOOT=yes

BOOTPROTO=static

IPADDR=192.168.3.11

PREFIX=24

-- 拷贝一份网卡配置文件，修改mac和ip

cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth1

vim ifcfg-eth1

DEVICE=eth1

HWADDR=00:0c:29:2b:f4:08

IPADDR=172.16.3.11

-- 重启网卡

service network restart

ifconfig

-- 关闭selinux和防火墙

setenforce 0

getenforce

vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux

SELINUX=disabled

service iptables stop

chkconfig iptables off

service iptables status

-- 配置yum

注意事项：

1.yum配置完成后，用yum list |grep vsftpd测试一下

2.如果要让挂载永远生效，可写入/etc/fstab

vim /etc/fstab

/dev/sr0        /mnt            iso9660 defaults,loop     0 0

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/server.repo

[base]

name=Red Hat

baseurl=file:///mnt/Server

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0 

-- 配置hosts

vim /etc/hosts

#Public

192.168.3.11   rac01

192.168.3.12   rac02

#Private

172.16.3.11   rac01-priv

172.16.3.12   rac02-priv

#Virtual

192.168.3.13   rac01-vip

192.168.3.14   rac02-vip

#SCAN

192.168.3.15  racscan

192.168.3.16  racscan

192.168.3.17  racscan

-- 修改内核参数

vim /etc/sysctl.conf

#for oracle softe

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

sysctl -p

--添加资源限制参数

vim /etc/security/limits.conf

#for oracle

oracle              soft    nproc   2047

oracle              hard    nproc   16384

oracle              soft    nofile  1024

oracle              hard    nofile  65536

oracle              soft    stack   10240

#for grid

grid              soft    nproc   2047

grid              hard    nproc   16384

grid              soft    nofile  1024

grid              hard    nofile  65536

grid              soft    stack   10240

-- 配置login

vim /etc/pam.d/login

session required        pam_limits.so

-- 重命名ntp.conf文件

mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak

-- 创建必要的用户、组、目录，并授权

注意事项：

1.oracle用户密码设置为oracle，grid用户密码设置为grid

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1000 oinstall

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1020 asmadmin

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1021 asmdba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1022 asmoper

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1031 dba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1032 oper

useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,oper,dba grid

useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle

passwd oracle

passwd grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid

mkdir /u01/app/oracle

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01

chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01/

-- 配置grid和oracle用户环境变量

vim /home/grid/.bash_profile

export TEMP=/tmp

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=/tmp

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1  #其他节点注意修改

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:/usr/local/bin/;

umask 022

if [ $USER = "grid" ]; then

  if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

    ulimit -p 16384

    ulimit -n 65536

  else

    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

  fi

fi

vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile

export TEMP=/tmp

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=/tmp

export ORACLE_SID=proc1  #其他节点注意修改

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=proc

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

umask 022

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

  if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

    ulimit -p 16384

    ulimit -n 65536

  else

    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

  fi

fi

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile 

source /home/grid/.bash_profile

-- 安装必要的软件包

yum -y install  binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libcap1 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++  glibc-common  glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------节点1------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- 搭建DNS

yum list |grep bind-chroot

yum -y install bind-chroot.x86_64

vim /etc/named.conf

options {

        listen-on port 53 { any; };

        listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };

        directory       "/var/named";

        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";

        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";

        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";

        allow-query     { any; };

        recursion yes;

vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones

zone "zm.cn" IN {

        type master;

        file "zm.cn.zone";

        allow-update { none; };

};

zone "3.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {

        type master;

        file "3.168.192.local";

        allow-update { none; };

};

vim /var/named/zm.cn.zone

$TTL   86400

@               IN SOA  rac01.zm.cn. root.zm.cn. (

                                        20180319              ; serial (d. adams)

                                        1D              ; refresh

                                        1H             ; retry

                                        1W              ; expiry

                                        3H)            ; minimum

                IN NS           rac01.zm.cn.

rac01           IN A            192.168.3.11

rac02           IN A            192.168.3.12

racscan           IN A           192.168.3.15

racscan           IN A           192.168.3.16

racscan           IN A           192.168.3.17

vim /var/named/3.168.192.local

$TTL   86400

@      IN      SOA     rac01.zm.cn. root.zm.cn  (

                                        20180319        ; serial (d. adams)

                                        1D              ; refresh

                                        1H             ; retry

                                        1W              ; expiry

                                        3H)            ; minimum

       IN      NS      rac01.zm.cn.

11    IN      PTR   rac01.zm.cn.

12    IN      PTR   rac02.zm.cn.

15    IN      PTR   racscan.zm.cn.

16    IN      PTR   racscan.zm.cn.

17    IN      PTR   racscan.zm.cn.

----------------------------------------------节点1，节点2-------------------------------------

-- 配置/etc/resolv.conf 

vim /etc/resolv.conf 

search zm.cn

nameserver 192.168.3.11

----------------------------------------------节点1-------------------------------------------

-- 重启dns，并设置开启启动

service named restart

chkconfig named on;

----------------------------------------------节点1，节点2-------------------------------------

-- 验证dns正向解析和反向解析

nslookup racscan

nslookup rac01

nslookup rac02

nslookup 192.168.3.11

nslookup 192.168.3.12

nslookup 192.168.3.15

nslookup 192.168.3.16

nslookup 192.168.3.17

---------------------------------------------------节点1-----------------------------------------------------------

-- 创建共享存储

D:\Program Files (x86)\VMware\VMware Workstation>

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 2000Mb -a lslogic -t 2 "D:\VM machine\sharedisk\ocr1.vmdk"

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 2000M -a lslogic -t 2 "D:\VM machine\sharedisk\ocr2.vmdk"

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 500M -a lslogic -t 2 "D:\VM machine\sharedisk\fra.vmdk"

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 10000M -a lslogic -t 2 "D:\VM machine\sharedisk\data1.vmdk"

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 10000M -a lslogic -t 2 "D:\VM machine\sharedisk\data2.vmdk"

vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 5000M -a lslogic -t 2 "D:\VM machine\sharedisk\arch.vmdk"

-- 编辑虚拟机设置，添加磁盘，选择使用现有虚拟磁盘（选择永久，保持现有格式）

--编辑虚拟机设置， 高级选择scsi1，不和系统磁盘在一个通道上

-- 节点1的.vmx文件添加

scsi1:0.writeThrough="TRUE"

scsi1:0.sharedBus="virtual"

scsi1:1.writeThrough="TRUE"

scsi1:1.sharedBus="virtual"

scsi1:2.writeThrough="TRUE"

scsi1:2.sharedBus="virtual"

scsi1:3.writeThrough="TRUE"

scsi1:3.sharedBus="virtual"

scsi1:4.writeThrough="TRUE"

scsi1:4.sharedBus="virtual"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"

diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"

disk.locking = "FALSE"

disk.EnableUUID = "TRUE"

-------------------------------------------------------------节点2-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- 节点2的.vmx文件添加

scsi1.present = "TRUE"

scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"

scsi1:0.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:0.fileName = "D:\VM machine\sharedisk\data.vmdk"

scsi1:0.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:1.fileName = "D:\VM machine\sharedisk\data2.vmdk"

scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:2.fileName = "D:\VM machine\sharedisk\fra.vmdk"

scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:3.fileName = "D:\VM machine\sharedisk\ocr1.vmdk"

scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:4.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:4.fileName = "D:\VM machine\sharedisk\ocr2.vmdk"

scsi1:4.mode = "independent-persistent"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"

diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"

disk.locking = "FALSE"

disk.EnableUUID = "TRUE"

--------------------------------------节点1，节点2------------------------------------

-- 开启节点1，节点2

--------------------------------------节点1-----------------------------------------

-- 格式化共享磁盘，重复下面步骤，格式化其他盘

fdisk /dev/sdb

Command (m for help): n

Command action

   e   extended

   p   primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

回车，回车

w

-----------------------------------------------节点1，节点2-----------------------------------------

vim /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules

ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="/dev/sdb",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

ACTION=="add",ENV{MAJOR}=="8",ENV{MINOR}=="17",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %M %m"

ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="/dev/sdc",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"

ACTION=="add",ENV{MAJOR}=="8",ENV{MINOR}=="33",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"

ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="/dev/sdd",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"

ACTION=="add",ENV{MAJOR}=="8",ENV{MINOR}=="49",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %M %m"

ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="/dev/sde",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"

ACTION=="add",ENV{MAJOR}=="8",ENV{MINOR}=="65",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %M %m"

ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="/dev/sdf",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"

ACTION=="add",ENV{MAJOR}=="8",ENV{MINOR}=="81",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %M %m"

KERNEL=="raw[1-5]",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="660"

-- 重启udev，查看绑定的磁盘（如果没有绑定成功，检查是否.vmx文件参数配置错误或者重启一下系统）

start_udev

ll /dev/raw/*

-------------------------------------------------节点1--------------------------------------------------------------------

-- 上传软件包(1和2的数据库，3是grid)

mkdir /soft

p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip

p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip

-- 解压，修改grid目录权限，安装cvuqdisk包，并传给节点2

unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip

cd grid/rpm/

rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm

scp cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm rac02:/tmp

mv grid /home/grid/

--配置xhost（没有图形化桌面配置需开启xmanager passive）

root用户下执行：xhost +  （正常显示：access control disabled, clients can connect from any host）

grid用户下执行： export DISPLAY=192.168.3.1:0.0

                                   xdpyinfo（有数据说明正常）

---------------------------节点2-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- 安装cvuqdisk包

cd /tmp

rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm

---------------------------节点1-----------------------------------------------------------------------

注意事项：

1.在安装grid过程中配置每个节点的grid用户ssh互信

-- 安装grid软件

su - grid

cd grid/

./runInstaller 

-------------------------------------------节点1、节点2----------------------------------

-- 安装到76% 在节点1、节点2执行下面两个脚本

注意事项：

必须先在节点1执行完了，再去节点2执行

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh

---------------------------------------------节点1--------------------------------------

-- 检查集群状态

su - grid

crsctl check crs

crs_stat -t -v

olsnodes -n

--解压数据库安装包，安装数据库软件

注意事项：

1.这里只是安装数据库软件，选择：install database software only

2.在安装数据库软件过程中配置每个节点的oracle用户ssh互信

unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip

unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

mv database/ /home/oracle/

su - oracle

cd database/

./runInstaller

-------------------------------------------节点1、节点2----------------------------------

-- 安装到94% 在节点1、节点2执行下面两个脚本

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

---------------------------------------------节点1-------------------------------------- 

--- 添加asm磁盘组

注意事项：

1.确保添加完后两个节点的磁盘组都mount了

su - grid

asmca

create （添加DATA和FRA磁盘组）

-- 建库

注意事项：

1.填写sid后记得select all,选择所有节点

2.字符集设置

dbca