完美解决CentOS8 yum安装AppStream报错，更新yum后无法makecache的问题
问题
CentOS 8 yum安装软件时，提示无法从AppStream下载
[root@C8-3 ~]# yum -y install httpd mariadb-server mariadb php php-mysql
Repository AppStream is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository PowerTools is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository fasttrack is listed more than once in the configuration
CentOS-8 - AppStream 0.0 B/s | 0 B 00:08
Failed to download metadata for repo 'AppStream'
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'AppStream'
先排除网络问题
检查网通不通，然后确定DNS解析是否正确。
[root@C8-3 ~]# ping baidu.com
PING baidu.com (220.181.38.148) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=12.1 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=12.2 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=11.7 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=13.5 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=5 ttl=128 time=12.2 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=6 ttl=128 time=12.1 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=7 ttl=128 time=13.9 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=8 ttl=128 time=11.4 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=9 ttl=128 time=13.9 ms
^C
--- baidu.com ping statistics ---
9 packets transmitted, 9 received, 0% packet loss, time 31ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 11.394/12.554/13.949/0.899 ms
有可能是所在网络环境在出口封了相应端口，需用其他方式，比如VPN解决。
更换国内yum源
我们无法使用CentOS原生yum源就是因为网络问题，你懂的。
为了快，更换国内yum源，推荐阿里云yum或者腾讯yum。网易没落了。
- 阿里yum源： https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/centos
- 腾云yum源： https://mirrors.tencent.com/help/centos.html
[root@C8-3 ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup.3
[root@C8-3 ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/repo/centos8_base.repo
--2020-11-02 20:51:42-- http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/repo/centos8_base.repo
Resolving mirrors.cloud.tencent.com (mirrors.cloud.tencent.com)... 111.231.36.190
Connecting to mirrors.cloud.tencent.com (mirrors.cloud.tencent.com)|111.231.36.190|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1792 (1.8K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo’
/etc/yum.repos.d/Ce 100%[==================>] 1.75K --.-KB/s in 0s
2020-11-02 20:51:46 (65.6 MB/s) - ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo’ saved [1792/1792]
清理之前的yum缓存
[root@C8-3 ~]# yum clean all
Repository AppStream is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository PowerTools is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository fasttrack is listed more than once in the configuration
18 files removed
建立新的缓存
[root@C8-3 ~]# yum makecache
Repository AppStream is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository PowerTools is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository fasttrack is listed more than once in the configuration
CentOS-8 - AppStream 0.0 B/s | 0 B 00:04
Failed to download metadata for repo 'AppStream'
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'AppStream'
makecache的时候报错了！
解决makecahe报错
- Failed to download metadata for repo 'AppStream'
- Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'AppStream' # 下载meta信息失败
问题的原因
先看看CentOS7的yum.repos.d
[21:19:17 root@C7-1 ~]#ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
total 44
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2523 Oct 27 22:47 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1664 Sep 5 2019 CentOS-Base.repo.bak
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1309 Sep 5 2019 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 649 Sep 5 2019 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 314 Sep 5 2019 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 630 Sep 5 2019 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1331 Sep 5 2019 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6639 Sep 5 2019 CentOS-Vault.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 951 Oct 2 2017 epel.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1050 Oct 2 2017 epel-testing.repo
再看看CentOS8的yum.repos.d
[root@C8-3 ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
total 56
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 815 Oct 28 02:33 CentOS-AppStream.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1792 Mar 25 2020 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 712 Jan 2 2020 CentOS-Base.repo.backup
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1792 Mar 25 2020 CentOS-Base.repo.backup.3
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 798 Jan 2 2020 CentOS-centosplus.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1043 Jan 2 2020 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 668 Jan 2 2020 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 756 Jan 2 2020 CentOS-Extras.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 338 Jan 2 2020 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 738 Jan 2 2020 CentOS-HA.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 928 Jan 2 2020 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 736 Jan 2 2020 CentOS-PowerTools.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1382 Jan 2 2020 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 74 Jan 2 2020 CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS 8 多了一个 CentOS-AppStream.repo
这是出问题的关键。
查看一下CentOS-AppStream.repo
[root@C8-3 ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-AppStream.repo.bac
# CentOS-AppStream.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[AppStream]
name=CentOS-$releasever - AppStream
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=AppStream&infra=$infra
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
#mirrorlist=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
解决问题的方法
我们在替换yum源的时候，按照镜像网站的操作方式，只替换了CentOS-Base.repo。
可是在CentOS8中，CentOS-AppStream.repo的内容没有更新。
解决方法有两种
- 直接删除掉CentOS-AppStream.repo这个文件。（不推荐）
- 将CentOS-AppStream.repo文件中的链接更新
解决问题
查看跟新后的CentOS-Base.repo文件
[root@C8-3 ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[BaseOS]
name=Qcloud centos OS - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
[centosplus]
name=Qcloud centosplus - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/os/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
[extras]
name=Qcloud centos extras - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
[fasttrack]
name=Qcloud centos fasttrack - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/fasttrack/$basearch/os/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
[AppStream]
name=Qcloud centos AppStream - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
[PowerTools]
name=Qcloud centos PowerTools - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
替换更新
- 找到跟新后CentOS-Base.repo中[AppStream]标签内的内容并复制
[AppStream]
name=Qcloud centos AppStream - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
- 打开CentOS-AppStream.repo，注释掉原有内容，并插入新内容
[root@C8-3 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-AppStream.repo
#[AppStream]
#name=CentOS-$releasever - AppStream
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=AppStream&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
#mirrorlist=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
#gpgcheck=1
#enabled=1
#pgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
[AppStream]
name=Qcloud centos AppStream - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
我们要养成修改内容时使用注释而不是删除的操作方法，用来对比前后差异，出问题了取消掉注释就可以了。
问题解决
重新运行yum makecache，操作成功
[root@C8-3 ~]# yum makecache
Repository AppStream is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository PowerTools is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository fasttrack is listed more than once in the configuration
Qcloud centos OS - x86_64 119 kB/s | 2.2 MB 00:19
Qcloud centos extras - x86_64 477 B/s | 8.1 kB 00:17
Metadata cache created.
小贴士：
修改文件的良好习惯：
- 先备份需要修改的文件，cp a a.bac
- 在修改文件内容时，添加新内容前，对原内容使用注释而非删除
完美解决CentOS8 yum安装AppStream报错，更新yum后无法makecache的问题的更多相关文章
- yum安装软件报错Segmentation fault处理
yum安装软件报错Segmentation fault处理 在使用yum 更新软件时提示:Segmentation fault 中文错误提示: 段错误 [root@CMS-BAK:/usr/local ...
- Centos下yum安装Nginx报错 No package nginx available.
在Centos6下使用yum安装Nginx报错 解决方案: yum install epel-release
- yum 安装 依赖报错
今天使用yum安装的时候 报错: Error: Multilib version problems found. This often means that the root cause 应该是yum ...
- 【问题】yum安装软件报错ERROR:dbus.proxies
转自:Yum安装报错:ERROR:dbus.proxies 环境: [红帽企业Linux.6.4.服务器版].rhel-server-6.4-x86_64-dvd(ED2000.COM).iso 安装 ...
- yum安装软件报错Error: Nothing to do
今天在一台新服务器上装一些常用软件,一开始安装ncdu(一个很好用的磁盘分析工具,用来查找大文件),报错如下: 在网上找了各种办法,什么更新yum啊,清理yum缓存啊的,统统没用 最后的找到的问题是, ...
- 记录将CentOS7linux系统python升级到3后yum安装是报错File "/usr/bin/yum", line 30 except KeyboardInterrupt, e: ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax问题解决
前两天将CentOS7里的python版本升级到了3.5.2 今天想装个解压软件,在执行yum install -y XXX 的时候报错 然后按照提示打开这个文件 vi /usr/bin/yum yu ...
- centos7 yum安装遇到报错：Head V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEYer
centos7 yum安装时遇到错误:Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY 无法安装时,可按如下方法解决: This mini ...
- 解决Python3.7安装pygame报错You are using pip version 10.0.1, however version 19.1 is available.
背景: 学习python开发中,需要用到pygame插件,因此按照参考书<Python编程实践,从入门到实践>指引安装Pygame包. 但是利用pip 命令安装 .whl 文件时,报错(如 ...
- 【完美解决】IDEA 中 Maven 报错 Cannot resolve xxx 和 Maven 中 Dependencies 报红/报错。
目录 前提 场景 解决办法 1.首先,清除缓存,点击之后重启IDEA. 2.关闭IDEA,打开项目文件夹 3.重新打开 IDEA,找到右边的 Maven 4.解决 Maven 中 Dependenci ...
随机推荐
- 微信小程序-简介
微信小程序定位 1. 不需要下载安装即可使用 2. 用户用完即走,不用关系是否安装太多应用 3. 应用无处不在,随时可用 # 不要安装可使用是个伪命题,因为小程序的安装包小于1M,下载安装到使用的过程 ...
- selenium3介绍
1. 简介 Selenium是用于测试 Web应用程序用户界面 (UI)的常用框架.它是一款用于运行端到端功能测试的超强工具.您可以使用多个编程语言编写测试,并且 Selenium能够在一个或多个浏 ...
- OpenCV图像加载与保存
OpenCV中的图像加载与保存 头文件是包含的库,在GitHub上下载的 imread("图片路径",图片加载方式) 图片加载方式: IMREAD_GRAYSCALE 灰度图像 I ...
- 《穷查理年鉴》习惯 & 工作 & 自省 & 自律 (关于自己)
习惯 001.在那充满古老年鉴的年代里,扔掉你的恶行,不管它们曾经给你带来多大的好处. 002.许多关于预言的争论都可以简化为:当你说是时,就有人说浊;当你认为不是时,一定有人说是. 003.坏习惯和 ...
- SCOI 2008 【奖励关】
早上的考试一道都做不出,被教做人,心态爆炸ing...... 题目描述: 你正在玩你最喜欢的电子游戏,并且刚刚进入一个奖励关.在这个奖励关里,系统将依次随机抛出k次宝物,每次你都可以选择吃或者不吃(必 ...
- 如何免费安装正版Adobe
现在正版的Adobe都非常的贵,如果你想不花钱又想下载正版的Adobe,那么就请花几分钟时间学习以下本篇博客,告诉你如何免费下载正版Adobe! [一定要读完,不要看到一半就以为教您下载的是付费版] ...
- java swing 按钮事件触发两次或者多次
按钮事件触发多次? 如果是JButton,八成是由于粗心,多次添加了监听事件 保持只添加一个监听事件就解决了~
- 实验五 Internet与网络工具的使用
实验五 Internet与网络工具的使用 [实验目的]⑴.FTP服务器的架设和客户端的使用. ⑵.使用云盘和云笔记应用 ⑶.运用QQ的远程协助功能. (4).默认安装foxmail软件,进行邮件的收发 ...
- 多测师讲解selenium__论坛验证码_处理方法_ 高级讲师肖sir
1.登录我们搭建的论坛环境 2. 3. 4.
- Cypress系列（65）- 测试运行失败自动重试
如果想从头学起Cypress,可以看下面的系列文章哦 https://www.cnblogs.com/poloyy/category/1768839.html 重试的介绍 学习前的三问 什么是重试测试 ...