【POJ2887】【块状链表】Big String

Description

You are given a string and supposed to do some string manipulations.

Input

The first line of the input contains the initial string. You can assume that it is non-empty and its length does not exceed 1,000,000.

The second line contains the number of manipulation commands N (0 < N ≤ 2,000). The following N lines describe a command each. The commands are in one of the two formats below:

1. I ch p: Insert a character ch before the p-th character of the current string. If p is larger than the length of the string, the character is appended to the end of the string.
2. Q p: Query the p-th character of the current string. The input ensures that the p-th character exists.

All characters in the input are digits or lowercase letters of the English alphabet.

Output

For each Q command output one line containing only the single character queried.

Sample Input

ab
7
Q 1
I c 2
I d 4
I e 2
Q 5
I f 1
Q 3

Sample Output

a
d
e

Source

POJ Monthly--2006.07.30, zhucheng

【分析】

知识拿块状链表练练手而已。

这是我写的第一个块状链表，怎么说呢，块状链表应该说是写起来比较麻烦的，因为要注意的边界条件有点多，不过适应了应该会很好骗分。

 #include <iostream>
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cstring>
 #include <vector>
 #include <utility>
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <string>
 #include <cmath>
 #include <queue>
 #include <map>

 const int MAXC =  + ;
 const int MAXM =  + ;
 const int MAXN =  + ;
 const int N=, L=;//L代表单个块的长度，N为最大的总块数
 using namespace std;
 struct Block_List {//BLOCK_LIST为块状链表的英文名
     struct Node {
         char str[L];
         //next数组志向下一个块状链表
         int next, size;
         void init(){
              memset(str, , sizeof(str));
              next = -;
              size = ;
         }
     }list[N];
     int head, tot;

     void init(char str[]){
          head = tot = ;//整个块状链表进行初始化
          list[tot++].init();//进行第一个块状链表的初始化
          for (int i = , cur = head; str[i]; cur = list[cur].next){
              for (int j = ; j < L && str[i]; j++, i++){
                  list[cur].str[j] = str[i];
                  list[cur].size++;
              }
              //还能继续装
              if (str[i]){
                 list[tot].init();//注意tot永远指向下一个空的块状链表
                 list[cur].next = tot++;
              }
          }
          for (int cur = head; cur != -; cur = list[cur].next)
          if (list[cur].size == L) split(cur);//分割块状链表
     }
     //对第x块块状链表进行分割
     void split(int x){
          list[tot].init();
          //注意块状链表的下标是从0 - （L - 1）
          for (int i = L / ; i < L; i++){
              list[tot].str[i - L/] = list[x].str[i];
              list[tot].size++;
              list[x].size--;
              list[x].str[i] = ;//清空？好像没什么用
          }
          list[tot].next = list[x].next;
          list[x].next = tot++;
     }
     void insert(int pos, char val){
          int cur = head;
          //注意开始不需要-1是因为一定成立，注意不要让任何一个块状链表达到满的状态，不然维护起来很麻烦
          while (pos - list[cur].size >  && list[cur].next != -){
                pos -= list[cur].size;
                cur = list[cur].next;
          }
          if (pos >= list[cur].size) list[cur].str[list[cur].size] = val;
          else {
               //先进行移动
               for (int i = list[cur].size; i > pos; i--) list[cur].str[i] = list[cur].str[i - ] ;
               list[cur].str[pos] = val;
          }
          list[cur].size++;
          if (list[cur].size == L) split(cur);
     }
     char find(int pos){
          int cur = head;
          while ( pos - list[cur].size > ){
                pos -= list[cur].size;
                cur = list[cur].next;
          }
          return list[cur].str[pos - ];//注意要-1
     }
 }A;
 char str[MAXN];
 int n;

 int main() {
     #ifdef LOCAL
     freopen("data.txt",  "r",  stdin);
     freopen("out.txt",  "w",  stdout);
     #endif
     scanf("%s%d", str, &n);
     A.init(str);//初始化块状链表
     for (int i = ; i < n; i++){
         int pos;
         scanf("%s", str);
         if (str[] == 'I'){//插入单个的单词
            char S[];
            scanf("%s%d", S, &pos);
            A.insert(pos - , S[]);
         } else {
            scanf("%d", &pos);
            printf("%c\n", A.find( pos ));
         }
     }
     return ;
 }