C#.NET 操作Windows服务（安装、卸载）

注意点：

1.安装时要请求到管理员权限。

2.卸载前，一定要停止掉Windows服务，否则需要重启或注销电脑。代码无法停止服务时，使用services.msc来停止。

开始：

1。新建一个名为“Windows服务操作”的WINFORM程序。

2。在解决方案里添加一个Windows服务项目，名为“ADemoWinSvc”。

3。双击“Service1.cs”，右键，添加安装程序。

4。双击“ProjectInstaller.cs”，修改“serviceProcessInstaller1”中的“Account”为“LocalSystem”.

5。修改“serviceInstaller1”，"Description"设置为“这是一个demo windows服务”，ServiceName 设置为“ADemoWinSvc”，StartType 设置为“Automatic”。

6。修改“Service1.cs”的代码，增加服务启动日志和停止日志。

using CommonUtils;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.Text;

namespace ADemoWinSvc
{
    public partial class Service1 : ServiceBase
    {
        public Service1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
        {
            GLog.WLog("服务已启动");
        }

        protected override void OnStop()
        {
            GLog.WLog("服务已停止");
        }
    }
}

工具类：

using System;
using System.IO;

namespace CommonUtils
{

    public static class GLog
    {
        static object _lockObj = new object();

        public static void WLog(string content)
        {
            lock (_lockObj)
            {
                string curPath = System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().ManifestModule.FullyQualifiedName);
                string logDir = "Logs";
                string logDirFullName = Path.Combine(curPath, logDir);

                try
                {
                    if (!Directory.Exists(logDirFullName))
                        Directory.CreateDirectory(logDirFullName);
                }
                catch { return; }

                string fileName = "Logs" + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd") + ".txt";
                string logFullName = Path.Combine(logDirFullName, fileName);

                try
                {
                    using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(logFullName, FileMode.Append, FileAccess.Write))
                    using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs))
                        sw.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff") + " " + content);
                }
                catch { return; }

            }
        }
    }
}

7。回到winform程序，在“Form1.cs”上添加“安装”和“卸载”2个按钮。

代码如下：

using CommonUtils;
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace Windows服务操作
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// windows服务名
        /// </summary>
        static string _winSvcName = "ADemoWinSvc";

        /// <summary>
        /// windows服务对应的exe 名
        /// </summary>
        static string _winSvcExeName = "ADemoWinSvc.exe";

        private void btnSetup_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                //是否存在服务
                if (ServiceUtil.ServiceIsExisted(_winSvcName))
                {
                    //已存在，检查是否启动
                    if (ServiceUtil.IsRun(_winSvcName))
                    {
                        //服务是已启动状态
                        lblMsg.Text = "[001]服务是已启动状态";
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        //未启动，则启动
                        ServiceUtil.StarService(_winSvcName);
                        lblMsg.Text = "[002]服务是已启动状态";
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    //不存在，则安装
                    IDictionary mySavedState = new Hashtable();
                    string curPath = System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().ManifestModule.FullyQualifiedName);
                    string apppath = Path.Combine(curPath, _winSvcExeName);
                    ServiceUtil.InstallService(mySavedState, apppath);

                    lblMsg.Text = "[003]服务是已启动状态";

                    //安装后并不会自动启动。需要启动这个服务
                    ServiceUtil.StarService(_winSvcName);

                    lblMsg.Text = "[004]服务是已启动状态";
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
        }

        private void btnUninstall_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //** 卸载服务最重要的是先停止，否则电脑需要重启或注销 **
            try
            {
                //是否存在服务
                if (!ServiceUtil.ServiceIsExisted(_winSvcName))
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("服务不存在，不需要卸载");
                    return;
                }

                //如果服务正在运行，停止它
                if (ServiceUtil.IsRun(_winSvcName))
                {
                    ServiceUtil.StopService(_winSvcName);
                }
                //再检查一次是否在运行
                if (ServiceUtil.IsRun(_winSvcName))
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("服务无法停止,请手动停止这个服务");
                    return;
                }
                //卸载
                ServiceUtil.UnInstallServiceByName(_winSvcName);

                lblMsg.Text = "[005]服务已卸载";

            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
        }
    }
}

使用到的工具类：

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Configuration.Install;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.Text;

namespace CommonUtils
{
    /// <summary>
    /// windows服务操作工具类
    /// </summary>
    public static class ServiceUtil
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 服务是否正在运行
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool IsRun(string name)
        {
            bool IsRun = false;
            try
            {
                if (!ServiceIsExisted(name)) return false;
                var sc = new ServiceController(name);
                if (sc.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.StartPending || sc.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Running)
                {
                    IsRun = true;
                }
                sc.Close();
            }
            catch
            {
                IsRun = false;
            }
            return IsRun;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 启动服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool StarService(string name)
        {
            try
            {
                var sc = new ServiceController(name);
                if (sc.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped || sc.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.StopPending)
                {
                    sc.Start();
                    sc.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Running, new TimeSpan(0, 0, 10));
                }
                else
                {

                }
                sc.Close();
                return true;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 停止服务(有可能超时)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool StopService(string name)
        {
            try
            {
                var sc = new ServiceController(name);
                if (sc.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Running || sc.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.StartPending)
                {
                    sc.Stop();
                    //停止服务超时时间：56秒。
                    sc.WaitForStatus(ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped, new TimeSpan(0, 0, 56));
                }
                else
                {

                }
                sc.Close();
                return true;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 是否存在
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool ServiceIsExisted(string serviceName)
        {
            ServiceController[] services = ServiceController.GetServices();
            foreach (ServiceController s in services)
                if (s.ServiceName.ToLower() == serviceName.ToLower())
                    return true;
            return false;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 安装
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="stateSaver"></param>
        /// <param name="filepath"></param>
        public static void InstallService(IDictionary stateSaver, string filepath)
        {
            try
            {
                AssemblyInstaller myAssemblyInstaller = new AssemblyInstaller();
                myAssemblyInstaller.UseNewContext = true;
                myAssemblyInstaller.Path = filepath;
                myAssemblyInstaller.Install(stateSaver);
                myAssemblyInstaller.Commit(stateSaver);
                myAssemblyInstaller.Dispose();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用路径卸载(有时候不便于用路径来卸载，则使用SC DELETE 名称来卸载)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filepath"></param>
        public static void UnInstallService(string filepath)
        {
            try
            {
                AssemblyInstaller myAssemblyInstaller = new AssemblyInstaller();
                myAssemblyInstaller.UseNewContext = true;
                myAssemblyInstaller.Path = filepath;
                myAssemblyInstaller.Uninstall(null);
                myAssemblyInstaller.Dispose();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用windows服务名卸载
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="WinServiceName"></param>
        public static void UnInstallServiceByName(string WinServiceName)
        {
            ProcessStartInfo pStart = new ProcessStartInfo("sc.exe");
            Process pRoc = new Process();

            pStart.Arguments = " delete " + WinServiceName;
            pStart.UseShellExecute = false;
            pStart.CreateNoWindow = false;

            pRoc.StartInfo = pStart;
            pRoc.Start();
            pRoc.WaitForExit();
        }

    }
}

winform 程序里要引用 System.Configuration.Install、System.ServiceProcess 这2个程序集。

8。分别编译ADemoWinSvc、Windows服务操作，将ADemoWinSvc.exe 复制到Windows服务操作.exe 所在目录。

9。管理员身份运行Windows服务操作.exe，点击安装按钮，即可看到效果。

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