【故障处理】告警日志报“ORA-01565 Unable To open Spfile”

1.1  BLOG文档结构图

1.2  故障分析及解决过程

1.2.1  故障环境介绍

项目

source db

db 类型

RAC

db version

12.1.0.2.0

db 存储

ASM

OS版本及kernel版本

SuSE Linux Enterprise Server（SLES 11） 64位

1.2.2  故障发生现象及报错信息

点多，另外一个节点在凌晨1点多。

1.2.3  故障分析及解决过程

根据MOS How to troubleshoot ORA-01565 being reported in alert log (文档 ID 1950208.1)查询出来是由于$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init$ORACLE_SID和OCR 中的配置（srvctl config db -d racdb1）查询出来的结果不一致导致的。

解决：将两者配置修改为一致即可。

可以设置trace事件来追踪该问题，生成trace后再关闭该跟踪事件：

alter system set events '1565 trace name errorstack level 10';

alter system set events '1565 trace name context off';

另外，在12.1.0.2的RAC中，文件“<DB_HOME>/dbs/init<ORACLE_SID>.ora”不再使用：

The only reference to the incorrect spfile name is in <DB_HOME>/dbs/init<ORACLE_SID>.ora which isn't being used in 12.1.0.2:

$ cat initeaipprd1.ora

SPFILE='+DATA/eaipprd/spfileeaipprd.ora'

1.3  MOS

1.3.1  Grid Infrastructure 12.1.0.2 ORA-01565 Unable To open Spfile (文档 ID 1970979.1)

In this Document

  Symptoms
  Cause
  Solution
  References

APPLIES TO:

Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 12.1.0.2 and later

Information in this document applies to any platform.

SYMPTOMS

Newly created database using dbca, seeing the following in database alert.log frequently:

Wed Nov 19 10:00:40 2014 

ORA-01565: Unable to open Spfile +DATA/eaipprd/spfileeaipprd.ora. 

Wed Nov 19 10:00:40 2014 

ORA-01565: Unable to open Spfile +DATA/eaipprd/spfileeaipprd.ora. 

Wed Nov 19 10:00:41 2014

The spfile doesn't exist, the spfile in the OCR for the database is correct:

$ srvctl config database -d eaipprd 

Database unique name: eaipprd 

Database name: eaipprd 

Oracle home: /oracle/oracle/product/12.1.0.2_eaip 

Oracle user: oracle 

Spfile: +DATA/EAIPPRD/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.279.861715841

SQL> show parameter spfile;

NAME TYPE VALUE 

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ 

spfile string +DATA/EAIPPRD/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.279.861715841

ASMCMD [+DATA/EAIPPRD/PARAMETERFILE] > ls -l 

Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name 

PARAMETERFILE UNPROT COARSE NOV 20 07:00:00 Y spfile.279.861715841

The only reference to the incorrect spfile name is in <DB_HOME>/dbs/init<ORACLE_SID>.ora which isn't being used in 12.1.0.2:

$ cat initeaipprd1.ora 

SPFILE='+DATA/eaipprd/spfileeaipprd.ora'

CAUSE

The issue was investigated in multiple bugs:

BUG 20133332 - FREQUENT ALERT.LOG MSG: ORA-01565: UNABLE TO OPEN SPFILE +DATA/EAIPPRD/SPFILEEAI

BUG 19064439 - ORA-01565: UNABLE TO OPEN SPFILE ON AN IDLE SYSTEM - FOR 1 SECOND 

BUG 20025790 - EM CAUSES ORA-1565 TO BE GENERATED DUE TO DBCA ISSUE

The exact cause wasn't determined.

SOLUTION

After applied 12.1.0.2 GI PSU2, the issue stopped.

1.3.2  How to troubleshoot ORA-01565 being reported in alert log (文档 ID 1950208.1)

In this Document

  Goal
  Solution
  References

APPLIES TO:

Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 12.1.0.2 and later

Information in this document applies to any platform.

GOAL

Troubleshooting "ORA-01565: Unable to open Spfile"

SOLUTION

When "ORA-01565: Unable to open Spfile" is being reported in the instance alert log, then some process is trying to access the spfile but referring to the incorrect location

Database Instance alert log reports the following errors

Wed Nov 19 19:26:44 2014

ORA-01565: Unable to open Spfile +DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora.

Wed Nov 19 19:26:44 2014

ORA-01565: Unable to open Spfile +DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora.

Wed Nov 19 19:26:44 2014

ORA-01565: Unable to open Spfile +DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora.

Wed Nov 19 19:26:44 2014

ORA-01565: Unable to open Spfile +DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora.

Wed Nov 19 19:26:44 2014

ORA-01565: Unable to open Spfile +DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora.

In a situation where the error is not generating any trace files we need to set the following event at the database level

alter system set events '1565 trace name errorstack level 10';

Once the above event is set we can see messages as follows in the alert log when the issue occurs again

From alert log



Mon Dec 01 19:26:44 2014

ORA-01565: Unable to open Spfile +DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora.

Mon Dec 01 19:26:44 2014

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb1/racdb1/trace/racdb1_ora_3106.trc: <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<Trace files for the event are getting generated

ORA-01565: error in identifying file '+DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora'

ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora

ORA-15173: entry 'spfileracdb1.ora' does not exist in directory 'racdb1'

Mon Dec 01 19:26:48 2014

Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20141201192648], requested by (instance=1, osid=3106), summary=[abnormal process termination].

Mon Dec 01 19:26:49 2014

ORA-01565: Unable to open Spfile +DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora.

Mon Dec 01 19:26:49 2014

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb1/racdb1/trace/racdb1_ora_3233.trc:

ORA-01565: error in identifying file '+DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora'

ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora

ORA-15173: entry 'spfileracdb1.ora' does not exist in directory 'racdb1'

After the event has occurred, the tracing can be disabled as follows

alter system set events '1565 trace name context off';

In the current example the trace file has the following information

Trace file output



 

*** 2014-12-01 19:26:44.771

*** SESSION ID:(15.63147) 2014-12-01 19:26:44.771

*** CLIENT ID:() 2014-12-01 19:26:44.771

*** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2014-12-01 19:26:44.771

*** MODULE NAME:(sqlplus@nracdb1 (TNS V1-V3)) 2014-12-01 19:26:44.771

*** CLIENT DRIVER:(SQL*PLUS) 2014-12-01 19:26:44.771

*** ACTION NAME:() 2014-12-01 19:26:44.771

*** CONTAINER ID:(1) 2014-12-01 19:26:44.771



dbkedDefDump(): Starting a non-incident diagnostic dump (flags=0x0, level=10, mask=0x0)

----- Error Stack Dump -----

ORA-01565: error in identifying file '+DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora'

ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora

ORA-15173: entry 'spfileracdb1.ora' does not exist in directory 'racdb1'

----- Current SQL Statement for this session (sql_id=37hr89tuy952y) -----

CREATE PFILE='/tmp/RUwOs966FJ' FROM SPFILE='+DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora'

The actual SPFILE location of the database can be checked from the alert log or database configuration

From alert log

Thu Oct 30 10:55:26 2014

Starting ORACLE instance (normal) (OS id: 10576)

Thu Oct 30 10:55:26 2014

RECOMMENDATION:

Thu Oct 30 10:55:26 2014

1. For optimal performance, configure system with expected number 

of pages for every supported system pagesize prior to the next 

instance restart operation.

Thu Oct 30 10:55:26 2014

**********************************************************************

LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0

LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0

Initial number of CPU is 4

Picked latch-free SCN scheme 3

Autotune of undo retention is turned on. 

IMODE=BR

ILAT =101

LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0

SYS auditing is enabled

NOTE: remote asm mode is local (mode 0x1; from cluster type)

NOTE: Using default ASM root directory ASM

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options.

ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1

System name: Linux

Node name: lo03dox3

Release: 2.6.32-431.29.2.el6.x86_64

Version: #1 SMP Sun Jul 27 15:55:46 EDT 2014

Machine: x86_64

Using parameter settings in server-side spfile +DATA/spfileracdb1.ora

From the config output

srvctl config database -d racdb1

Database unique name: racdb1

Database name: racdb1

Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1

Oracle user: oracle

Spfile: +DATA/spfileracdb1.ora

Password file: 

Domain: 

Start options: open

Stop options: immediate

Database role: PRIMARY

Management policy: AUTOMATIC

Disk Groups: FRA,DATA

Services: test1, test2

OSDBA group: 

OSOPER group: 

Database instance: racdb1

From the above it is clear that the actual location of the spfile is "+DATA/spfileracdb1.ora" however the process is trying to access the spfile from "+DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora"

In such a situation the reference of the spfile needs to be corrected by the process.

REFERENCES

BUG:18334406 - ORA-01565 ERROR ON THE TWO RAC NODES

BUG:9906253 - ORA-01565: UNABLE TO OPEN SPFILE EACH SIX HOURS

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