android入门——Service
简单记录一下四大组件之一的Service的简单实用。
先是最简单的用法，服务的开关，onBind方法的使用
package com.example.wkp.service; import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Button start=null;
private Button stop=null;
private Button bind=null;
private Button unbind=null;
private Button get=null;
private MyService.MyBinder binder;
private ServiceConnection connection=new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
//得到返回值binder
binder= (MyService.MyBinder) service;
//使用binder中的方法
Log.v("qq",String.valueOf(binder.getNum()));
} @Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { }
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
start= (Button) findViewById(R.id.start);
stop=(Button)findViewById(R.id.stop);
bind=(Button)findViewById(R.id.bind);
unbind=(Button)findViewById(R.id.unbind);
get=(Button)findViewById(R.id.getnum); final Intent intent=new Intent();
//跳转到配置文件中定义的intent-filter
// intent.setAction("SERVICE");
// intent.setPackage(getPackageName());
intent.setClass(MainActivity.this,MyService.class); start.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
startService(intent);
}
}); stop.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
stopService(intent);
}
}); bind.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){ @Override
public void onClick(View v) {
bindService(intent,connection,BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
}); unbind.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){ @Override
public void onClick(View v) {
unbindService(connection);
}
}); get.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){ @Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Log.v("qq",String.valueOf(binder.getNum()));
}
}); // class btnListener implements View.OnClickListener{
//
// @Override
// public void onClick(View v) {
// switch(v.getId()){
// case R.id.bind:
// bindService(intent,connection,BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
// break;
// case R.id.unbind:
// unbindService(connection);
// break;
// case R.id.getnum:
// Log.v("qq",String.valueOf(binder.getNum()));
// break;
// default:
// break;
// }
// }
// }
}
}
MainActivity.java
package com.example.wkp.service; import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Button; /**
* Created by wkp on 2016/9/22.
*/
public class MyService extends Service { int num=0;
MyBinder binder=new MyBinder(); @Nullable
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
Log.v("oo","binder");
return binder;
} @Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.v("hehe","service create");
num+=10;
} @Override
public void onStart(Intent intent, int startId) {
super.onStart(intent, startId);
Log.v("hehe","service start");
} @Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.v("hehe","service destory");
} //创建一个Binder,用来在onBind中返回
class MyBinder extends Binder{
int getNum(){
return num;
}
}
}
MyService.java
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context="com.example.wkp.service.MainActivity"> <TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Hello World!" /> <Button android:id="@+id/start"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="start"/> <Button android:id="@+id/stop"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="stop"/> <Button android:id="@+id/bind"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="bind"/> <Button android:id="@+id/unbind"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="unbind"/> <Button android:id="@+id/getnum"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="getnum"/>
</LinearLayout>
activity_main.xml
在AndroidManifest.xml中注册服务
然后是前台服务和IntentService。就是手机屏幕左上角弹出来的小图标，和广播结合有点类似推送。
package com.example.wkp.service; import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button; /**
* Created by wkp on 2016/9/24.
*/
public class SecondActivity extends Activity { private Button startFore=null;
private Button stopFore=null;
private Button startIntent=null;
private Button stopIntent=null;
private Intent intent1,intent2=null; @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_second);
init();
intent1=new Intent(SecondActivity.this,MyService2.class);
intent2=new Intent(SecondActivity.this,MyIntentService.class);
} //按钮控件初始化
void init(){
startFore= (Button) findViewById(R.id.startFore);
stopFore=(Button)findViewById(R.id.startFore);
startIntent=(Button) findViewById(R.id.startIntent);
stopIntent=(Button) findViewById(R.id.stopIntent); startFore.setOnClickListener(new btnListener());
stopFore.setOnClickListener(new btnListener());
startIntent.setOnClickListener(new btnListener());
stopIntent.setOnClickListener(new btnListener());
} class btnListener implements View.OnClickListener{ @Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch(v.getId()){
case R.id.startFore:
startService(intent1);
break;
case R.id.stopFore:
break;
case R.id.startIntent:
startService(intent2);
break;
case R.id.stopIntent:
stopService(intent2);
break;
default:break;
}
}
}
}
SecondActivity.java
package com.example.wkp.service; import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.widget.RemoteViews; /**
* Created by wkp on 2016/9/24.
*/
public class MyService2 extends Service{
@Nullable
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
} @Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
//创建通知实例
Notification notification=new Notification();
//图标
notification.icon=R.drawable.books;
//内容
notification.contentView=new RemoteViews(getPackageName(),R.layout.notify);
//跳转
notification.contentIntent= PendingIntent.getActivity(this,0,new Intent(this,SecondActivity.class),0);
//开启
startForeground(1,notification);
}
}
MyService2.java
package com.example.wkp.service; import android.app.IntentService;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.Log; /**
* Created by wkp on 2016/9/24.
*/
public class MyIntentService extends IntentService{ /**
* Creates an IntentService. Invoked by your subclass's constructor.
*
* @param name Used to name the worker thread, important only for debugging.
*/
public MyIntentService(String name) {
super(name);
} //必须创建一个无参的构造方法
public MyIntentService(){
super("MyIntentService");
} //开启一个新的线程，可以进行耗时操作
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
Log.v("haha","onhandle");
Log.v("hehe",String.valueOf(Thread.currentThread().getId()));
Log.v("hehe",String.valueOf(android.os.Process.myPid()));
while(true){
try{
Thread.sleep(1000);
Log.v("pp","I am in handle");
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
} }
} @Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.v("haha","oncreate");
Log.v("hehe",String.valueOf(Thread.currentThread().getId()));
Log.v("hehe",String.valueOf(android.os.Process.myPid()));
} @Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.v("haha","ondestroy");
Log.v("hehe",String.valueOf(Thread.currentThread().getId()));
Log.v("hehe",String.valueOf(android.os.Process.myPid()));
}
}
MyIntentService.java
Service和IntentService的区别是后者开启新的线程可以进行耗时操作。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"> <Button android:id="@+id/startFore"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="startFore"/> <Button android:id="@+id/stopFore"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="stopFore"/> <Button android:id="@+id/startIntent"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="startIntent"/> <Button android:id="@+id/stopIntent"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="stopIntent"/>
</LinearLayout>
activity_second.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"> <ImageView
android:src="@drawable/books"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="前台服务"/>
</LinearLayout>
notify.xml
最后Service和Broadcast Receiver结合做一个定点报时
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.wkp.clock"> <application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity> <service android:name=".AlarmService"> </service> <receiver android:name=".AlarmReceiver">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="ALARM_ACTION" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
</application> </manifest>
AndroidManifest.xml
package com.example.wkp.clock; import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private Button start=null;
private Button stop=null;
private EditText edit=null;
private Intent intent = null;
private AlarmService.AlarmBinder binder; private ServiceConnection connection=new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
binder=(AlarmService.AlarmBinder)service;
} @Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { }
}; @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
init();
} void init(){
start= (Button) findViewById(R.id.start);
stop= (Button) findViewById(R.id.stop);
edit=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.edit); start.setOnClickListener(new btnListener());
stop.setOnClickListener(new btnListener()); //绑定服务
intent=new Intent(this,AlarmService.class);
bindService(intent,connection,BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
} class btnListener implements View.OnClickListener{ @Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()){
case R.id.start:
binder.setTime(Integer.parseInt(edit.getText().toString()));
startService(intent);
break;
case R.id.stop:
binder.setState();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
}
MainActivity.java
package com.example.wkp.clock; import android.app.AlarmManager;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.RemoteViews; /**
* Created by wkp on 2016/9/24.
*/
public class AlarmService extends Service { private AlarmBinder binder = new AlarmBinder();
private AlarmManager manager;
private Intent intent1;
private PendingIntent pd;
private int time;
private boolean flag=true; @Nullable
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { //得到manager
manager = (AlarmManager) getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);
intent1 = new Intent(this, AlarmReceiver.class);
intent1.setAction("ALARM_ACTION");
//得到PendingIntent
pd = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, intent1, 0);
return binder;
} @Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
//创建通知实例
Notification notification = new Notification();
//图标
notification.icon = R.drawable.books;
//内容
notification.contentView = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.notify);
//跳转
notification.contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, new Intent(this, MainActivity.class), 0);
//开启
startForeground(1, notification);
} @Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
//设置闹钟
//类型，开机到现在的时间||1970.1.1到现在的时间||。。。wakeup唤醒CPU
//具体时间计算，单位毫秒
//闹钟的意图
Log.v("hehe","alarm");
if(flag){
manager.setExact(AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME_WAKEUP, SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()+time*1000,pd);
}else{
manager.cancel(pd);
stopSelf();
}
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
} class AlarmBinder extends Binder {
void setTime(int t){
time=t;
flag=true;
} void setState(){
flag=false;
} }
}
AlarmService.java
package com.example.wkp.clock; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log; /**
* Created by wkp on 2016/9/24.
*/
public class AlarmReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Log.v("hehe","receiver");
context.startService(new Intent(context,AlarmService.class));
}
}
AlarmReceiver.java
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context="com.example.wkp.clock.MainActivity"> <EditText
android:id="@+id/edit"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> <Button android:id="@+id/start"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="启动"/> <Button android:id="@+id/stop"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="关闭"/>
</LinearLayout>
activity_main.xml
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