使用JWT作为Spring Security OAuth2的token存储

序

Spring Security OAuth2的demo在前几篇文章中已经讲过了，在那些模式中使用的都是RemoteTokenService调用授权服务器来校验token，返回校验通过的用户信息供上下文中获取

这种方式会加重授权服务器的负载，你想啊，当用户没授权时候获取token得找授权服务器，有token了访问资源服务器还要访问授权服务器，相当于说每次请求都要访问授权服务器，这样对授权服务器的负载会很大

常规的方式有两种来解决这个问题：

使用JWT作为Token传递
使用Redis存储Token，资源服务器本地访问Redis校验Token

使用JWT与Redis都可以在资源服务器中进行校验Token，从而减少授权服务器的工作量

JWT默认使用HMACSHA256对称加密算法，以下记录下默认算法实现与非对称RSA算法的集成，使用不同算法加解密测试方法是一致的，所以放在文章最后

授权服务器整合JWT——对称加解密算法

授权服务器整体代码结构

pom.xml中引入依赖

	<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
		<!-- Spring Security OAuth2 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security.oauth</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-oauth2</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-jwt</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

SecurityConfig配置，主要需要显式声明AuthenticationManager和UserDetailsService这两个bean

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Bean
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManager() throws Exception {
        return super.authenticationManager();
    }
    @Bean
    public UserDetailsService userDetailsService(){ //主要是配置这个Bean，用于授权服务器配置中注入
        return super.userDetailsService();
    }
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        // @formatter: off
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
                .withUser("hellxz")
                .password(passwordEncoder().encode("xyz"))
                .authorities(Collections.emptyList());
        // @formatter: on
    }
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .anyRequest().authenticated() //所有请求都需要通过认证
                .and()
                .httpBasic() //Basic提交
                .and()
                .csrf().disable(); //关跨域保护
    }
}

授权服务器配置AuthorizationConfig

@Configuration
@EnableAuthorizationServer //开启授权服务
public class AuthorizationConfig extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {
    @Autowired
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
    @Autowired
    public UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
    @Autowired
    private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
    @Override
    public void configure(AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer security) throws Exception {
        //允许表单提交
        security.allowFormAuthenticationForClients()
                .checkTokenAccess("permitAll()")
                .tokenKeyAccess("permitAll()");
    }
    @Override
    public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
        // @formatter: off
        clients.inMemory()
                .withClient("client-a") //client端唯一标识
                    .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("client-a-secret")) //client-a的密码，这里的密码应该是加密后的
                    .authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code", "password", "refresh_token") //授权模式标识，这里主要测试用password模式，另外refresh_token不是一种模式，但是可以使用它来刷新access_token（在它的有效期内）
                    .scopes("read_user_info") //作用域
                    .resourceIds("resource1") //资源id
                    .redirectUris("http://localhost:9001/callback"); //回调地址
        // @formatter: on
    }
    @Override
    public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
        endpoints.authenticationManager(authenticationManager)
                .userDetailsService(userDetailsService)
                .tokenStore(jwtTokenStore()) //设置jwtToken为tokenStore
                .accessTokenConverter(jwtAccessTokenConverter());//设置access_token转换器
    }
    /**
     * jwt访问token转换器
     */
    @Bean
    public JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter(){
        JwtAccessTokenConverter converter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter();
        converter.setSigningKey("my-sign-key"); //资源服务器需要配置此选项方能解密jwt的token
        return converter;
    }
    /**
     * jwt的token存储对象
     */
    @Bean
    public JwtTokenStore jwtTokenStore(){
        return new JwtTokenStore(jwtAccessTokenConverter());
    }
}

这里主要是在configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints)授权服务的端点配置中加入JWT的tokenStore和access_token的转换器，以及这二者的声明Bean方法

这里使用的是默认对称MAC算法，即加密解密使用相同的密钥

启动类就不说了，开启@SpringBootApplicatin的main方法

资源服务器整合JWT——对称加解密算法

资源服务器主要就一个资源配置类

@Configuration
@EnableResourceServer
public class ResourceConfig extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter {
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
    @Override
    public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        //设置创建session策略
        http.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.IF_REQUIRED);
        //@formatter:off
        //所有请求必须授权
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .anyRequest().authenticated();
        //@formatter:on
    }
    @Override
    public void configure(ResourceServerSecurityConfigurer resources) {
        resources.tokenStore(jwtTokenStore());
    }
    /**
     * jwt访问token转换器
     */
    @Bean
    public JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter(){
        JwtAccessTokenConverter converter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter();
        converter.setSigningKey("my-sign-key"); //与授权服务器相同的signingKey
        return converter;
    }
    /**
     * jwt的token存储对象
     */
    @Bean
    public JwtTokenStore jwtTokenStore(){
        return new JwtTokenStore(jwtAccessTokenConverter());
    }
}

配置JWT的TokenStore和AccessTokenConverter与授权服器相同，添加启动类完成配置

OAuth整合JWT——非对称加解密RSA

本部分基于对称加密部分，仅展示需要修改的部分

首先使用keytool生成jks (Java Key Store) 密钥，按提示输入姓氏等信息

keytool -genkeypair -alias hellxz-jwt -validity 3650 -keyalg RSA -keypass hellxzTest -keystore hellxz-jwt.jks -storepass hellxzTest

生成的私钥文件会在当前目录，把hellxz-jwt.jks复制到授权服务器的resources目录下

授权服务器需修改jwtAccessTokenConverter()

    @Bean
    public JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter(){
        JwtAccessTokenConverter converter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter();
        KeyStoreKeyFactory storeKeyFactory = new KeyStoreKeyFactory(
                new ClassPathResource("hellxz-jwt.jks"), "hellxzTest".toCharArray());
        converter.setKeyPair(storeKeyFactory.getKeyPair("hellxz-jwt"));
        return converter;
    }

在hellxz-jwt.jks同目录下，执行命令生成公钥

➜ keytool -list -rfc --keystore hellxz-jwt.jks | openssl x509 -inform pem -pubkey
输入密钥库口令:  hellxzTest
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAxU7zulFUVBXmZD28xwM4
ul5e9yFrToLgWKHlNLlp904/GbiWBoZ4tcBcNq3VxLGBN9VOqfP1P5C7fRgz95UI
7ShKCKgsFFGL2rAqsplMDClN/adfsxmpF06rVIkGgce9tR0Q0iONcaN+b/lArK4T
Au76QsQwn9MLXlznVfczclZOZSfDNju+1JuBzqt6fEPWqalBUVYdV0zCUDG8ikN1
l9D0m1tSSaKpiTrU2yEUGUji+79Ury7Y8BClEX6d4CTl9TQAhL5g32GoJEc0S2y+
0bqeqUsv1nUt9KiJT9kiOvA+Q7o2T8OHuqQT9le7kvmIi4gSX5vSNvvZagE2Uglh
zQIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

复制公钥部分到public.cert放到资源服务器的resources目录

修改资源服务器jwtAccessTokenConverter()方法

    @Bean
    public JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter(){
        JwtAccessTokenConverter converter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter();
        Resource resource = new ClassPathResource("public.cert");
        String publicKey;
        try {
            publicKey = new String(FileCopyUtils.copyToByteArray(resource.getInputStream()));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        converter.setVerifierKey(publicKey);
        return converter;
    }

测试验证

发送POST请求http://localhost:8080/oauth/token?username=hellxz&password=xyz&scope=read_user_info&grant_type=password

返回结果

带token访问资源服务器

测试通过

另外使用JWT应设置尽量短的过期时间，因为JWT的token无法手动revoke，只能等待其到达过期时间失效