Spring MVC 开发 配置

1、首先在web.xml中配置一个DispatcherServlet，并通过<servlet-mapping>指定需要拦截的url。 下面xml中配置一个拦截.html为后缀的url.

1. <!-- 配置Spring MVC DispatcherServlet -->
2. <servlet>
3. <servlet-name>MVC</servlet-name>
4. <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
5. <!-- 初始化参数 -->
6. <init-param>
7. <!-- 加载SpringMVC的xml到 spring的上下文容器中 -->
8. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
9. <param-value>
10. /WEB-INF/classes/mvc*.*
11. </param-value>
12. </init-param>
13. <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
14. </servlet>
15. <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet所需要拦截的 url -->
16. <servlet-mapping>
17. <servlet-name>MVC</servlet-name>
18. <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
19. </servlet-mapping>

<!-- 配置Spring MVC DispatcherServlet -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>MVC</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<!-- 初始化参数 -->
		<init-param>
			<!-- 加载SpringMVC的xml到 spring的上下文容器中 -->
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>
				/WEB-INF/classes/mvc*.*
			</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet所需要拦截的 url -->
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>MVC</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

先配置一个servlet 然后 加载SpringMVC的xml文件到Spring的上下文中。然后配置servlet-mapping，servlet-name为刚刚的servlet中的配置的name，然后指定要拦截的url为*.html

2、配置Spring的上下文监听器，并且指定Spring的xml配置文件的路径。

1. <!-- 监听spring上下文容器 -->
2. <listener>
3. <listener-class>
4. org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
5. </listener-class>
6. </listener>
7. <!-- 加载spring的xml配置文件到 spring的上下文容器中 -->
8. <context-param>
9. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
10. <param-value>classpath:root-context.xml</param-value>
11. </context-param>

	<!-- 监听spring上下文容器 -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>
			org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
		</listener-class>
	</listener>

	<!-- 加载spring的xml配置文件到 spring的上下文容器中 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:root-context.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>

这里指定的路径classpath为 项目编译后的classes文件中。

最终web.xml文件内容：

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
4. xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
5. http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
6. <display-name></display-name>
7. <!-- 监听spring上下文容器 -->
8. <listener>
9. <listener-class>
10. org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
11. </listener-class>
12. </listener>
13. <!-- 加载spring的xml配置文件到 spring的上下文容器中 -->
14. <context-param>
15. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
16. <param-value>classpath:root-context.xml</param-value>
17. </context-param>
18. <!-- 配置Spring MVC DispatcherServlet -->
19. <servlet>
20. <servlet-name>MVC</servlet-name>
21. <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
22. <!-- 初始化参数 -->
23. <init-param>
24. <!-- 加载SpringMVC的xml到 spring的上下文容器中 -->
25. <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
26. <param-value>
27. /WEB-INF/classes/mvc*.*
28. </param-value>
29. </init-param>
30. <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
31. </servlet>
32. <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet所需要拦截的 url -->
33. <servlet-mapping>
34. <servlet-name>MVC</servlet-name>
35. <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
36. </servlet-mapping>
37. <welcome-file-list>
38. <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
39. </welcome-file-list>
40. </web-app>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
	<display-name></display-name>

	<!-- 监听spring上下文容器 -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>
			org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
		</listener-class>
	</listener>

	<!-- 加载spring的xml配置文件到 spring的上下文容器中 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:root-context.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>

	<!-- 配置Spring MVC DispatcherServlet -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>MVC</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<!-- 初始化参数 -->
		<init-param>
			<!-- 加载SpringMVC的xml到 spring的上下文容器中 -->
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>
				/WEB-INF/classes/mvc*.*
			</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet所需要拦截的 url -->
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>MVC</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

3、创建SpringMVC所需要的xml文件和applicationContext的xml文件，这里由于第一步中配置的servlet中init-param所需要加载的格式为：mvc*.* 就是去寻找为mvc开头的文件所以创建SpringMVC的xml文件时必须要有mvc开头，我命名为：mvc-context.xml，并且按照context-param中的配置，将applicationContext文件命名为：root-context.xml；

4、配置mvc-context.xml:

首先通过import标签 导入root-context.xml,然后通过component-scan标签扫描指定包名，让该包下的所有java类的spring注解生效

然后配置SpringMVC的视图渲染解析器，让其前缀为/page/ 后缀为.jsp  这样能够SpringMVC 所需要渲染的路径能够在/page/返回值.jsp中寻找。

1. <!-- 加载Spring的全局配置文件 -->
2. <beans:import resource="root-context.xml" />
3. <!-- SpringMVC配置 -->
4. <!-- 通过component-scan 让Spring扫描org.swinglife.controller下的所有的类，让Spring的代码注解生效 -->
5. <context:component-scan base-package="org.swinglife.controller"></context:component-scan>
6. <!-- 配置SpringMVC的视图渲染器， 让其前缀为:/page/ 后缀为.jsp  将视图渲染到/page/<method返回值>.jsp中 -->
7. <beans:bean
8. class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
9. p:prefix="/page/" p:suffix=".jsp">
10. </beans:bean>

<!-- 加载Spring的全局配置文件 -->
	<beans:import resource="root-context.xml" />

	<!-- SpringMVC配置 -->

	<!-- 通过component-scan 让Spring扫描org.swinglife.controller下的所有的类，让Spring的代码注解生效 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="org.swinglife.controller"></context:component-scan>

	<!-- 配置SpringMVC的视图渲染器， 让其前缀为:/page/ 后缀为.jsp  将视图渲染到/page/<method返回值>.jsp中 -->
	<beans:bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
		p:prefix="/page/" p:suffix=".jsp">
		</beans:bean>

最后mvc-context.xml和root-context.xml为：

mav-context.xml:

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4. xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
5. xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
6. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
8. http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
9. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
10. <!-- 加载Spring的全局配置文件 -->
11. <beans:import resource="root-context.xml" />
12. <!-- SpringMVC配置 -->
13. <!-- 通过component-scan 让Spring扫描org.swinglife.controller下的所有的类，让Spring的代码注解生效 -->
14. <context:component-scan base-package="org.swinglife.controller"></context:component-scan>
15. <!-- 配置SpringMVC的视图渲染器， 让其前缀为:/ 后缀为.jsp  将视图渲染到/page/<method返回值>.jsp中 -->
16. <beans:bean
17. class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
18. p:prefix="/page/" p:suffix=".jsp">
19. </beans:bean>
20. </beans:beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
				http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
				http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
	<!-- 加载Spring的全局配置文件 -->
	<beans:import resource="root-context.xml" />

	<!-- SpringMVC配置 -->

	<!-- 通过component-scan 让Spring扫描org.swinglife.controller下的所有的类，让Spring的代码注解生效 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="org.swinglife.controller"></context:component-scan>

	<!-- 配置SpringMVC的视图渲染器， 让其前缀为:/ 后缀为.jsp  将视图渲染到/page/<method返回值>.jsp中 -->
	<beans:bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
		p:prefix="/page/" p:suffix=".jsp">
		</beans:bean>

</beans:beans>

root-context.xml:

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
3. xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
4. xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
5. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
6. http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
7. http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">
8. <!-- Root Context: defines shared resources visible to all other web components -->
9. </beans>