Laravel Lumen 数组操作

php原生：http://www.w3school.com.cn/php/php_ref_array.asp

Lumen方法：https://laravel.com/docs/5.6/helpers

Collections类方法：https://laravel.com/docs/5.6/collections https://learnku.com/docs/laravel/5.8/collections/3916

PHP原生

array_column()
从二维数组取对应键的值，组成新数组

<?php
// 表示由数据库返回的可能记录集的数组
$a = [
  [
    'id' => 5698,
    'first_name' => 'Bill',
    'last_name' => 'Gates',
  ],
  [
    'id' => 4767,
    'first_name' => 'Steve',
    'last_name' => 'Jobs',
  ],
  [
    'id' => 3809,
    'first_name' => 'Mark',
    'last_name' => 'Zuckerberg',
  ]
];

$last_names = array_column($a, 'last_name');
print_r($last_names);
?>

输出

[
  [0] => Gates
  [1] => Jobs
  [2] => Zuckerberg
]

　　

array_combine()
两个数组组成新的二维数组，其中的一个数组是键名，另一个数组的值为键值

<?php
$fname=array("Bill","Steve","Mark");
$age=array("60","56","31");

$c=array_combine($fname,$age);
print_r($c);
?>

输出

Array ( [Bill] => 60 [Steve] => 56 [Mark] => 31 )

　　

下面是一些常用的原生函数

函数	描述
array()	创建数组。
array_change_key_case()	把数组中所有键更改为小写或大写。
array_chunk()	把一个数组分割为新的数组块。
array_column()	返回输入数组中某个单一列的值。
array_combine()	通过合并两个数组来创建一个新数组。
array_count_values()	用于统计数组中所有值出现的次数。
array_diff()	比较数组，返回差集（只比较键值）。
array_diff_assoc()	比较数组，返回差集（比较键名和键值）。
array_diff_key()	比较数组，返回差集（只比较键名）。
array_diff_uassoc()	比较数组，返回差集（比较键名和键值，使用用户自定义的键名比较函数）。
array_diff_ukey()	比较数组，返回差集（只比较键名，使用用户自定义的键名比较函数）。
array_fill()	用给定的键值填充数组。
array_fill_keys()	用指定键名的给定键值填充数组。
array_filter()	用回调函数过滤数组中的元素。
array_flip()	交换数组中的键和值。
array_intersect()	比较数组，返回交集（只比较键值）。
array_intersect_assoc()	比较数组，返回交集（比较键名和键值）。
array_intersect_key()	比较数组，返回交集（只比较键名）。
array_intersect_uassoc()	比较数组，返回交集（比较键名和键值，使用用户自定义的键名比较函数）。
array_intersect_ukey()	比较数组，返回交集（只比较键名，使用用户自定义的键名比较函数）。
array_key_exists()	检查指定的键名是否存在于数组中。
array_keys()	返回数组中所有的键名。
array_map()	把数组中的每个值发送到用户自定义函数，返回新的值。
array_merge()	把一个或多个数组合并为一个数组。
array_merge_recursive()	递归地合并一个或多个数组。
array_multisort()	对多个数组或多维数组进行排序。
array_pad()	用值将数组填补到指定长度。
array_pop()	删除数组的最后一个元素（出栈）。
array_product()	计算数组中所有值的乘积。
array_push()	将一个或多个元素插入数组的末尾（入栈）。
array_rand()	返回数组中一个或多个随机的键。
array_reduce()	通过使用用户自定义函数，以字符串返回数组。
array_replace()	使用后面数组的值替换第一个数组的值。
array_replace_recursive()	递归地使用后面数组的值替换第一个数组的值。
array_reverse()	以相反的顺序返回数组。
array_search()	搜索数组中给定的值并返回键名。
array_shift()	删除数组中首个元素，并返回被删除元素的值。
array_slice()	返回数组中被选定的部分。
array_splice()	删除并替换数组中指定的元素。
array_sum()	返回数组中值的和。
array_udiff()	比较数组，返回差集（只比较值，使用一个用户自定义的键名比较函数）。
array_udiff_assoc()	比较数组，返回差集（比较键和值，使用内建函数比较键名，使用用户自定义函数比较键值）。
array_udiff_uassoc()	比较数组，返回差集（比较键和值，使用两个用户自定义的键名比较函数）。
array_uintersect()	比较数组，返回交集（只比较值，使用一个用户自定义的键名比较函数）。
array_uintersect_assoc()	比较数组，返回交集（比较键和值，使用内建函数比较键名，使用用户自定义函数比较键值）。
array_uintersect_uassoc()	比较数组，返回交集（比较键和值，使用两个用户自定义的键名比较函数）。
array_unique()	删除数组中的重复值。
array_unshift()	在数组开头插入一个或多个元素。
array_values()	返回数组中所有的值。
array_walk()	对数组中的每个成员应用用户函数。
array_walk_recursive()	对数组中的每个成员递归地应用用户函数。
arsort()	对关联数组按照键值进行降序排序。
asort()	对关联数组按照键值进行升序排序。
compact()	创建包含变量名和它们的值的数组。
count()	返回数组中元素的数目。
current()	返回数组中的当前元素。
each()	返回数组中当前的键／值对。
end()	将数组的内部指针指向最后一个元素。
extract()	从数组中将变量导入到当前的符号表。
in_array()	检查数组中是否存在指定的值。
key()	从关联数组中取得键名。
krsort()	对数组按照键名逆向排序。
ksort()	对数组按照键名排序。
list()	把数组中的值赋给一些变量。
natcasesort()	用“自然排序”算法对数组进行不区分大小写字母的排序。
natsort()	用“自然排序”算法对数组排序。
next()	将数组中的内部指针向前移动一位。
pos()	current() 的别名。
prev()	将数组的内部指针倒回一位。
range()	创建包含指定范围单元的数组。
reset()	将数组的内部指针指向第一个元素。
rsort()	对数组逆向排序。
shuffle()	将数组打乱。
sizeof()	count() 的别名。
sort()	对数组排序。
uasort()	使用用户自定义的比较函数对数组中的键值进行排序。
uksort()	使用用户自定义的比较函数对数组中的键名进行排序。
usort()	使用用户自定义的比较函数对数组进行排序。

Lumen方法

array_only()
取数组对应键的值，组成新的数组

$request = $this->request->all();//['title' => 'test', 'content' => 'test', 'name' => 'test']
$condition = array_only($request, ['title', 'content']);

输出

['title' => 'test', 'content' => 'test']

　　

方法列表

数组和对象

array_add()

array_add如果给定的键在数组中不存在，则该函数将给定的键/值对添加到数组中：

$array = array_add(['name' => 'Desk'], 'price', 100);

// ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100]

array_collapse()

该array_collapse函数将数组数组折叠为单个数组：

$array = array_collapse([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]);

// [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

array_divide()

该array_divide函数返回两个数组，一个包含键，另一个包含给定数组的值：

[$keys, $values] = array_divide(['name' => 'Desk']);

// $keys: ['name']

// $values: ['Desk']

array_dot()

该array_dot函数将多维数组展平为单级数组，使用“点”符号表示深度：

$array = ['products' => ['desk' => ['price' => 100]]];

$flattened = array_dot($array);

// ['products.desk.price' => 100]

array_except()

该array_except函数从数组中删除给定的键/值对：

$array = ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100];

$filtered = array_except($array, ['price']);

// ['name' => 'Desk']

array_first()

该array_first函数返回通过给定真值测试的数组的第一个元素：

$array = [100, 200, 300];

$first = array_first($array, function ($value, $key) {
    return $value >= 150;
});

// 200

默认值也可以作为第三个参数传递给方法。如果没有值通过真值测试，则返回此值：

$first = array_first($array, $callback, $default);

array_flatten()

该array_flatten函数将多维数组展平为单个数组：

$array = ['name' => 'Joe', 'languages' => ['PHP', 'Ruby']];

$flattened = array_flatten($array);

// ['Joe', 'PHP', 'Ruby']

array_forget()

该array_forget函数使用“点”表示法从深度嵌套的数组中删除给定的键/值对：

$array = ['products' => ['desk' => ['price' => 100]]];

array_forget($array, 'products.desk');

// ['products' => []]

array_get()

该array_get函数使用“点”表示法从深层嵌套数组中检索值：

$array = ['products' => ['desk' => ['price' => 100]]];

$price = array_get($array, 'products.desk.price');

// 100

该array_get函数还接受默认值，如果找不到特定键，将返回该值：

$discount = array_get($array, 'products.desk.discount', 0);

// 0

array_has()

该array_has函数使用“点”表示法检查数组中是否存在给定项目或项目：

$array = ['product' => ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100]];

$contains = array_has($array, 'product.name');

// true

$contains = array_has($array, ['product.price', 'product.discount']);

// false

array_last()

该array_last函数返回通过给定真值测试的数组的最后一个元素：

$array = [100, 200, 300, 110];

$last = array_last($array, function ($value, $key) {
    return $value >= 150;
});

// 300

可以将默认值作为方法的第三个参数传递。如果没有值通过真值测试，则返回此值：

$last = array_last($array, $callback, $default);

array_only()

该array_only函数仅返回给定数组中指定的键/值对：

$array = ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100, 'orders' => 10];

$slice = array_only($array, ['name', 'price']);

// ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100]

array_pluck()

该array_pluck函数从数组中检索给定键的所有值：

$array = [
    ['developer' => ['id' => 1, 'name' => 'Taylor']],
    ['developer' => ['id' => 2, 'name' => 'Abigail']],
];

$names = array_pluck($array, 'developer.name');

// ['Taylor', 'Abigail']

您还可以指定希望如何键入结果列表：

$names = array_pluck($array, 'developer.name', 'developer.id');

// [1 => 'Taylor', 2 => 'Abigail']

array_prepend()

该array_prepend函数将项目推送到数组的开头：

$array = ['one', 'two', 'three', 'four'];

$array = array_prepend($array, 'zero');

// ['zero', 'one', 'two', 'three', 'four']

如果需要，您可以指定应该用于该值的键：

$array = ['price' => 100];

$array = array_prepend($array, 'Desk', 'name');

// ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100]

array_pull()

该array_pull函数返回并从数组中删除键/值对：

$array = ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100];

$name = array_pull($array, 'name');

// $name: Desk

// $array: ['price' => 100]

可以将默认值作为方法的第三个参数传递。如果密钥不存在，将返回此值：

$value = array_pull($array, $key, $default);

array_random()

该array_random函数从数组中返回一个随机值：

$array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];

$random = array_random($array);

// 4 - (retrieved randomly)

您还可以指定要作为可选的第二个参数返回的项目数。请注意，即使只需要一个项目，提供此参数也会返回一个数组：

$items = array_random($array, 2);

// [2, 5] - (retrieved randomly)

array_set()

该array_set函数使用“点”表示法在深层嵌套数组中设置一个值：

$array = ['products' => ['desk' => ['price' => 100]]];

array_set($array, 'products.desk.price', 200);

// ['products' => ['desk' => ['price' => 200]]]

array_sort()

该array_sort函数按其值对数组进行排序：

$array = ['Desk', 'Table', 'Chair'];

$sorted = array_sort($array);

// ['Chair', 'Desk', 'Table']

您也可以通过给定Closure的结果对数组进行排序：

$array = [
    ['name' => 'Desk'],
    ['name' => 'Table'],
    ['name' => 'Chair'],
];

$sorted = array_values(array_sort($array, function ($value) {
    return $value['name'];
}));

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'Chair'],
        ['name' => 'Desk'],
        ['name' => 'Table'],
    ]
*/

array_sort_recursive()

该array_sort_recursive函数使用函数递归排序数组sort：

$array = [
    ['Roman', 'Taylor', 'Li'],
    ['PHP', 'Ruby', 'JavaScript'],
];

$sorted = array_sort_recursive($array);

/*
    [
        ['Li', 'Roman', 'Taylor'],
        ['JavaScript', 'PHP', 'Ruby'],
    ]
*/

array_where()

该array_where函数使用给定的Closure过滤数组：

$array = [100, '200', 300, '400', 500];

$filtered = array_where($array, function ($value, $key) {
    return is_string($value);
});

// [1 => '200', 3 => '400']

array_wrap()

该array_wrap函数将给定值包装在一个数组中。如果给定值已经是数组，则不会更改：

$string = 'Laravel';

$array = array_wrap($string);

// ['Laravel']

如果给定值为null，则返回一个空数组：

$nothing = null;

$array = array_wrap($nothing);

// []

data_fill()

该data_fill函数使用“点”表示法在嵌套数组或对象中设置缺失值：

$data = ['products' => ['desk' => ['price' => 100]]];

data_fill($data, 'products.desk.price', 200);

// ['products' => ['desk' => ['price' => 100]]]

data_fill($data, 'products.desk.discount', 10);

// ['products' => ['desk' => ['price' => 100, 'discount' => 10]]]

此函数还接受星号作为通配符，并相应地填充目标：

$data = [
    'products' => [
        ['name' => 'Desk 1', 'price' => 100],
        ['name' => 'Desk 2'],
    ],
];

data_fill($data, 'products.*.price', 200);

/*
    [
        'products' => [
            ['name' => 'Desk 1', 'price' => 100],
            ['name' => 'Desk 2', 'price' => 200],
        ],
    ]
*/

data_get()

该data_get函数使用“点”表示法从嵌套数组或对象中检索值：

$data = ['products' => ['desk' => ['price' => 100]]];

$price = data_get($data, 'products.desk.price');

// 100

该data_get函数还接受默认值，如果找不到指定的键，将返回该值：

$discount = data_get($data, 'products.desk.discount', 0);

// 0

data_set()

该data_set函数使用“点”表示法在嵌套数组或对象中设置值：

$data = ['products' => ['desk' => ['price' => 100]]];

data_set($data, 'products.desk.price', 200);

// ['products' => ['desk' => ['price' => 200]]]

此函数还接受通配符，并相应地在目标上设置值：

$data = [
    'products' => [
        ['name' => 'Desk 1', 'price' => 100],
        ['name' => 'Desk 2', 'price' => 150],
    ],
];

data_set($data, 'products.*.price', 200);

/*
    [
        'products' => [
            ['name' => 'Desk 1', 'price' => 200],
            ['name' => 'Desk 2', 'price' => 200],
        ],
    ]
*/

默认情况下，将覆盖任何现有值。如果您只想设置一个值，如果它不存在，您可以false作为第三个参数传递：

$data = ['products' => ['desk' => ['price' => 100]]];

data_set($data, 'products.desk.price', 200, false);

// ['products' => ['desk' => ['price' => 100]]]

head()

该head函数返回给定数组中的第一个元素：

$array = [100, 200, 300];

$first = head($array);

// 100

last()

该last函数返回给定数组中的最后一个元素：

$array = [100, 200, 300];

$last = last($array);

// 300

all()

The all method returns the underlying array represented by the collection:

collect([1, 2, 3])->all();

// [1, 2, 3]

average()

Alias for the avg method.

avg()

The avg method returns the average value of a given key:

$average = collect([['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 20], ['foo' => 40]])->avg('foo');

// 20

$average = collect([1, 1, 2, 4])->avg();

// 2

chunk()

The chunk method breaks the collection into multiple, smaller collections of a given size:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]);

$chunks = $collection->chunk(4);

$chunks->toArray();

// [[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7]]

This method is especially useful in views when working with a grid system such as Bootstrap. Imagine you have a collection of Eloquent models you want to display in a grid:

@foreach ($products->chunk(3) as $chunk)
    <div class="row">
        @foreach ($chunk as $product)
            <div class="col-xs-4">{{ $product->name }}</div>
        @endforeach
    </div>
@endforeach

collapse()

The collapse method collapses a collection of arrays into a single, flat collection:

$collection = collect([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]);

$collapsed = $collection->collapse();

$collapsed->all();

// [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

combine()

The combine method combines the keys of the collection with the values of another array or collection:

$collection = collect(['name', 'age']);

$combined = $collection->combine(['George', 29]);

$combined->all();

// ['name' => 'George', 'age' => 29]

concat()

The concat method appends the given array or collection values onto the end of the collection:

$collection = collect(['John Doe']);

$concatenated = $collection->concat(['Jane Doe'])->concat(['name' => 'Johnny Doe']);

$concatenated->all();

// ['John Doe', 'Jane Doe', 'Johnny Doe']

contains()

The contains method determines whether the collection contains a given item:

$collection = collect(['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100]);

$collection->contains('Desk');

// true

$collection->contains('New York');

// false

You may also pass a key / value pair to the contains method, which will determine if the given pair exists in the collection:

$collection = collect([
    ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100],
]);

$collection->contains('product', 'Bookcase');

// false

Finally, you may also pass a callback to the contains method to perform your own truth test:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->contains(function ($value, $key) {
    return $value > 5;
});

// false

The contains method uses "loose" comparisons when checking item values, meaning a string with an integer value will be considered equal to an integer of the same value. Use the containsStrict method to filter using "strict" comparisons.

containsStrict()

This method has the same signature as the contains method; however, all values are compared using "strict" comparisons.

count()

The count method returns the total number of items in the collection:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4]);

$collection->count();

// 4

crossJoin()

The crossJoin method cross joins the collection's values among the given arrays or collections, returning a Cartesian product with all possible permutations:

$collection = collect([1, 2]);

$matrix = $collection->crossJoin(['a', 'b']);

$matrix->all();

/*
    [
        [1, 'a'],
        [1, 'b'],
        [2, 'a'],
        [2, 'b'],
    ]
*/

$collection = collect([1, 2]);

$matrix = $collection->crossJoin(['a', 'b'], ['I', 'II']);

$matrix->all();

/*
    [
        [1, 'a', 'I'],
        [1, 'a', 'II'],
        [1, 'b', 'I'],
        [1, 'b', 'II'],
        [2, 'a', 'I'],
        [2, 'a', 'II'],
        [2, 'b', 'I'],
        [2, 'b', 'II'],
    ]
*/

dd()

The dd method dumps the collection's items and ends execution of the script:

$collection = collect(['John Doe', 'Jane Doe']);

$collection->dd();

/*
    Collection {
        #items: array:2 [
            0 => "John Doe"
            1 => "Jane Doe"
        ]
    }
*/

If you do not want to stop executing the script, use the dump method instead.

diff()

The diff method compares the collection against another collection or a plain PHP arraybased on its values. This method will return the values in the original collection that are not present in the given collection:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$diff = $collection->diff([2, 4, 6, 8]);

$diff->all();

// [1, 3, 5]

diffAssoc()

The diffAssoc method compares the collection against another collection or a plain PHP array based on its keys and values. This method will return the key / value pairs in the original collection that are not present in the given collection:

$collection = collect([
    'color' => 'orange',
    'type' => 'fruit',
    'remain' => 6
]);

$diff = $collection->diffAssoc([
    'color' => 'yellow',
    'type' => 'fruit',
    'remain' => 3,
    'used' => 6
]);

$diff->all();

// ['color' => 'orange', 'remain' => 6]

diffKeys()

The diffKeys method compares the collection against another collection or a plain PHP arraybased on its keys. This method will return the key / value pairs in the original collection that are not present in the given collection:

$collection = collect([
    'one' => 10,
    'two' => 20,
    'three' => 30,
    'four' => 40,
    'five' => 50,
]);

$diff = $collection->diffKeys([
    'two' => 2,
    'four' => 4,
    'six' => 6,
    'eight' => 8,
]);

$diff->all();

// ['one' => 10, 'three' => 30, 'five' => 50]

dump()

The dump method dumps the collection's items:

$collection = collect(['John Doe', 'Jane Doe']);

$collection->dump();

/*
    Collection {
        #items: array:2 [
            0 => "John Doe"
            1 => "Jane Doe"
        ]
    }
*/

If you want to stop executing the script after dumping the collection, use the dd method instead.

each()

The each method iterates over the items in the collection and passes each item to a callback:

$collection->each(function ($item, $key) {
    //
});

If you would like to stop iterating through the items, you may return false from your callback:

$collection->each(function ($item, $key) {
    if (/* some condition */) {
        return false;
    }
});

eachSpread()

The eachSpread method iterates over the collection's items, passing each nested item value into the given callback:

$collection = collect([['John Doe', 35], ['Jane Doe', 33]]);

$collection->eachSpread(function ($name, $age) {
    //
});

You may stop iterating through the items by returning false from the callback:

$collection->eachSpread(function ($name, $age) {
    return false;
});

every()

The every method may be used to verify that all elements of a collection pass a given truth test:

collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->every(function ($value, $key) {
    return $value > 2;
});

// false

except()

The except method returns all items in the collection except for those with the specified keys:

$collection = collect(['product_id' => 1, 'price' => 100, 'discount' => false]);

$filtered = $collection->except(['price', 'discount']);

$filtered->all();

// ['product_id' => 1]

For the inverse of except, see the only method.

filter()

The filter method filters the collection using the given callback, keeping only those items that pass a given truth test:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4]);

$filtered = $collection->filter(function ($value, $key) {
    return $value > 2;
});

$filtered->all();

// [3, 4]

If no callback is supplied, all entries of the collection that are equivalent to false will be removed:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, null, false, '', 0, []]);

$collection->filter()->all();

// [1, 2, 3]

For the inverse of filter, see the reject method.

first()

The first method returns the first element in the collection that passes a given truth test:

collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->first(function ($value, $key) {
    return $value > 2;
});

// 3

You may also call the first method with no arguments to get the first element in the collection. If the collection is empty, null is returned:

collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->first();

// 1

firstWhere()

The firstWhere method returns the first element in the collection with the given key / value pair:

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'Regena', 'age' => 12],
    ['name' => 'Linda', 'age' => 14],
    ['name' => 'Diego', 'age' => 23],
    ['name' => 'Linda', 'age' => 84],
]);

$collection->firstWhere('name', 'Linda');

// ['name' => 'Linda', 'age' => 14]

You may also call the firstWhere method with an operator:

$collection->firstWhere('age', '>=', 18);

// ['name' => 'Diego', 'age' => 23]

flatMap()

The flatMap method iterates through the collection and passes each value to the given callback. The callback is free to modify the item and return it, thus forming a new collection of modified items. Then, the array is flattened by a level:

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'Sally'],
    ['school' => 'Arkansas'],
    ['age' => 28]
]);

$flattened = $collection->flatMap(function ($values) {
    return array_map('strtoupper', $values);
});

$flattened->all();

// ['name' => 'SALLY', 'school' => 'ARKANSAS', 'age' => '28'];

flatten()

The flatten method flattens a multi-dimensional collection into a single dimension:

$collection = collect(['name' => 'taylor', 'languages' => ['php', 'javascript']]);

$flattened = $collection->flatten();

$flattened->all();

// ['taylor', 'php', 'javascript'];

You may optionally pass the function a "depth" argument:

$collection = collect([
    'Apple' => [
        ['name' => 'iPhone 6S', 'brand' => 'Apple'],
    ],
    'Samsung' => [
        ['name' => 'Galaxy S7', 'brand' => 'Samsung']
    ],
]);

$products = $collection->flatten(1);

$products->values()->all();

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'iPhone 6S', 'brand' => 'Apple'],
        ['name' => 'Galaxy S7', 'brand' => 'Samsung'],
    ]
*/

In this example, calling flatten without providing the depth would have also flattened the nested arrays, resulting in ['iPhone 6S', 'Apple', 'Galaxy S7', 'Samsung']. Providing a depth allows you to restrict the levels of nested arrays that will be flattened.

flip()

The flip method swaps the collection's keys with their corresponding values:

$collection = collect(['name' => 'taylor', 'framework' => 'laravel']);

$flipped = $collection->flip();

$flipped->all();

// ['taylor' => 'name', 'laravel' => 'framework']

forget()

The forget method removes an item from the collection by its key:

$collection = collect(['name' => 'taylor', 'framework' => 'laravel']);

$collection->forget('name');

$collection->all();

// ['framework' => 'laravel']

 

Unlike most other collection methods, forget does not return a new modified collection; it modifies the collection it is called on.

forPage()

The forPage method returns a new collection containing the items that would be present on a given page number. The method accepts the page number as its first argument and the number of items to show per page as its second argument:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]);

$chunk = $collection->forPage(2, 3);

$chunk->all();

// [4, 5, 6]

get()

The get method returns the item at a given key. If the key does not exist, null is returned:

$collection = collect(['name' => 'taylor', 'framework' => 'laravel']);

$value = $collection->get('name');

// taylor

You may optionally pass a default value as the second argument:

$collection = collect(['name' => 'taylor', 'framework' => 'laravel']);

$value = $collection->get('foo', 'default-value');

// default-value

You may even pass a callback as the default value. The result of the callback will be returned if the specified key does not exist:

$collection->get('email', function () {
    return 'default-value';
});

// default-value

groupBy()

The groupBy method groups the collection's items by a given key:

$collection = collect([
    ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Chair'],
    ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Bookcase'],
    ['account_id' => 'account-x11', 'product' => 'Desk'],
]);

$grouped = $collection->groupBy('account_id');

$grouped->toArray();

/*
    [
        'account-x10' => [
            ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Chair'],
            ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Bookcase'],
        ],
        'account-x11' => [
            ['account_id' => 'account-x11', 'product' => 'Desk'],
        ],
    ]
*/

Instead of passing a string key, you may pass a callback. The callback should return the value you wish to key the group by:

$grouped = $collection->groupBy(function ($item, $key) {
    return substr($item['account_id'], -3);
});

$grouped->toArray();

/*
    [
        'x10' => [
            ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Chair'],
            ['account_id' => 'account-x10', 'product' => 'Bookcase'],
        ],
        'x11' => [
            ['account_id' => 'account-x11', 'product' => 'Desk'],
        ],
    ]
*/

Multiple grouping criteria may be passed as an array. Each array element will be applied to the corresponding level within a multi-dimensional array:

$data = new Collection([
    10 => ['user' => 1, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_3']],
    20 => ['user' => 2, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_2']],
    30 => ['user' => 3, 'skill' => 2, 'roles' => ['Role_1']],
    40 => ['user' => 4, 'skill' => 2, 'roles' => ['Role_2']],
]);

$result = $data->groupBy([
    'skill',
    function ($item) {
        return $item['roles'];
    },
], $preserveKeys = true);

/*
[
    1 => [
        'Role_1' => [
            10 => ['user' => 1, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_3']],
            20 => ['user' => 2, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_2']],
        ],
        'Role_2' => [
            20 => ['user' => 2, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_2']],
        ],
        'Role_3' => [
            10 => ['user' => 1, 'skill' => 1, 'roles' => ['Role_1', 'Role_3']],
        ],
    ],
    2 => [
        'Role_1' => [
            30 => ['user' => 3, 'skill' => 2, 'roles' => ['Role_1']],
        ],
        'Role_2' => [
            40 => ['user' => 4, 'skill' => 2, 'roles' => ['Role_2']],
        ],
    ],
];
*/

has()

The has method determines if a given key exists in the collection:

$collection = collect(['account_id' => 1, 'product' => 'Desk']);

$collection->has('product');

// true

implode()

The implode method joins the items in a collection. Its arguments depend on the type of items in the collection. If the collection contains arrays or objects, you should pass the key of the attributes you wish to join, and the "glue" string you wish to place between the values:

$collection = collect([
    ['account_id' => 1, 'product' => 'Desk'],
    ['account_id' => 2, 'product' => 'Chair'],
]);

$collection->implode('product', ', ');

// Desk, Chair

If the collection contains simple strings or numeric values, pass the "glue" as the only argument to the method:

collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->implode('-');

// '1-2-3-4-5'

intersect()

The intersect method removes any values from the original collection that are not present in the given array or collection. The resulting collection will preserve the original collection's keys:

$collection = collect(['Desk', 'Sofa', 'Chair']);

$intersect = $collection->intersect(['Desk', 'Chair', 'Bookcase']);

$intersect->all();

// [0 => 'Desk', 2 => 'Chair']

intersectByKeys()

The intersectByKeys method removes any keys from the original collection that are not present in the given array or collection:

$collection = collect([
    'serial' => 'UX301', 'type' => 'screen', 'year' => 2009
]);

$intersect = $collection->intersectByKeys([
    'reference' => 'UX404', 'type' => 'tab', 'year' => 2011
]);

$intersect->all();

// ['type' => 'screen', 'year' => 2009]

isEmpty()

The isEmpty method returns true if the collection is empty; otherwise, false is returned:

collect([])->isEmpty();

// true

isNotEmpty()

The isNotEmpty method returns true if the collection is not empty; otherwise, false is returned:

collect([])->isNotEmpty();

// false

keyBy()

The keyBy method keys the collection by the given key. If multiple items have the same key, only the last one will appear in the new collection:

$collection = collect([
    ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'],
    ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'],
]);

$keyed = $collection->keyBy('product_id');

$keyed->all();

/*
    [
        'prod-100' => ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'],
        'prod-200' => ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'],
    ]
*/

You may also pass a callback to the method. The callback should return the value to key the collection by:

$keyed = $collection->keyBy(function ($item) {
    return strtoupper($item['product_id']);
});

$keyed->all();

/*
    [
        'PROD-100' => ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'],
        'PROD-200' => ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'],
    ]
*/

keys()

The keys method returns all of the collection's keys:

$collection = collect([
    'prod-100' => ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'],
    'prod-200' => ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'],
]);

$keys = $collection->keys();

$keys->all();

// ['prod-100', 'prod-200']

last()

The last method returns the last element in the collection that passes a given truth test:

collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->last(function ($value, $key) {
    return $value < 3;
});

// 2

You may also call the last method with no arguments to get the last element in the collection. If the collection is empty, null is returned:

collect([1, 2, 3, 4])->last();

// 4

macro()

The static macro method allows you to add methods to the Collection class at run time. Refer to the documentation on extending collections for more information.

make()

The static make method creates a new collection instance. See the Creating Collectionssection.

map()

The map method iterates through the collection and passes each value to the given callback. The callback is free to modify the item and return it, thus forming a new collection of modified items:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$multiplied = $collection->map(function ($item, $key) {
    return $item * 2;
});

$multiplied->all();

// [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]

 

Like most other collection methods, map returns a new collection instance; it does not modify the collection it is called on. If you want to transform the original collection, use the transform method.

mapInto()

The mapInto() method iterates over the collection, creating a new instance of the given class by passing the value into the constructor:

class Currency
{
    /**
     * Create a new currency instance.
     *
     * @param  string  $code
     * @return void
     */
    function __construct(string $code)
    {
        $this->code = $code;
    }
}

$collection = collect(['USD', 'EUR', 'GBP']);

$currencies = $collection->mapInto(Currency::class);

$currencies->all();

// [Currency('USD'), Currency('EUR'), Currency('GBP')]

mapSpread()

The mapSpread method iterates over the collection's items, passing each nested item value into the given callback. The callback is free to modify the item and return it, thus forming a new collection of modified items:

$collection = collect([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]);

$chunks = $collection->chunk(2);

$sequence = $chunks->mapSpread(function ($odd, $even) {
    return $odd + $even;
});

$sequence->all();

// [1, 5, 9, 13, 17]

mapToGroups()

The mapToGroups method groups the collection's items by the given callback. The callback should return an associative array containing a single key / value pair, thus forming a new collection of grouped values:

$collection = collect([
    [
        'name' => 'John Doe',
        'department' => 'Sales',
    ],
    [
        'name' => 'Jane Doe',
        'department' => 'Sales',
    ],
    [
        'name' => 'Johnny Doe',
        'department' => 'Marketing',
    ]
]);

$grouped = $collection->mapToGroups(function ($item, $key) {
    return [$item['department'] => $item['name']];
});

$grouped->toArray();

/*
    [
        'Sales' => ['John Doe', 'Jane Doe'],
        'Marketing' => ['Johhny Doe'],
    ]
*/

$grouped->get('Sales')->all();

// ['John Doe', 'Jane Doe']

mapWithKeys()

The mapWithKeys method iterates through the collection and passes each value to the given callback. The callback should return an associative array containing a single key / value pair:

$collection = collect([
    [
        'name' => 'John',
        'department' => 'Sales',
        'email' => 'john@example.com'
    ],
    [
        'name' => 'Jane',
        'department' => 'Marketing',
        'email' => 'jane@example.com'
    ]
]);

$keyed = $collection->mapWithKeys(function ($item) {
    return [$item['email'] => $item['name']];
});

$keyed->all();

/*
    [
        'john@example.com' => 'John',
        'jane@example.com' => 'Jane',
    ]
*/

max()

The max method returns the maximum value of a given key:

$max = collect([['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 20]])->max('foo');

// 20

$max = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->max();

// 5

median()

The median method returns the median value of a given key:

$median = collect([['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 20], ['foo' => 40]])->median('foo');

// 15

$median = collect([1, 1, 2, 4])->median();

// 1.5

merge()

The merge method merges the given array or collection with the original collection. If a string key in the given items matches a string key in the original collection, the given items's value will overwrite the value in the original collection:

$collection = collect(['product_id' => 1, 'price' => 100]);

$merged = $collection->merge(['price' => 200, 'discount' => false]);

$merged->all();

// ['product_id' => 1, 'price' => 200, 'discount' => false]

If the given items's keys are numeric, the values will be appended to the end of the collection:

$collection = collect(['Desk', 'Chair']);

$merged = $collection->merge(['Bookcase', 'Door']);

$merged->all();

// ['Desk', 'Chair', 'Bookcase', 'Door']

min()

The min method returns the minimum value of a given key:

$min = collect([['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 20]])->min('foo');

// 10

$min = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->min();

// 1

mode()

The mode method returns the mode value of a given key:

$mode = collect([['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 10], ['foo' => 20], ['foo' => 40]])->mode('foo');

// [10]

$mode = collect([1, 1, 2, 4])->mode();

// [1]

nth()

The nth method creates a new collection consisting of every n-th element:

$collection = collect(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f']);

$collection->nth(4);

// ['a', 'e']

You may optionally pass an offset as the second argument:

$collection->nth(4, 1);

// ['b', 'f']

only()

The only method returns the items in the collection with the specified keys:

$collection = collect(['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100, 'discount' => false]);

$filtered = $collection->only(['product_id', 'name']);

$filtered->all();

// ['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk']

For the inverse of only, see the except method.

pad()

The pad method will fill the array with the given value until the array reaches the specified size. This method behaves like the array_pad PHP function.

To pad to the left, you should specify a negative size. No padding will take place if the absolute value of the given size is less than or equal to the length of the array:

$collection = collect(['A', 'B', 'C']);

$filtered = $collection->pad(5, 0);

$filtered->all();

// ['A', 'B', 'C', 0, 0]

$filtered = $collection->pad(-5, 0);

$filtered->all();

// [0, 0, 'A', 'B', 'C']

partition()

The partition method may be combined with the list PHP function to separate elements that pass a given truth test from those that do not:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]);

list($underThree, $aboveThree) = $collection->partition(function ($i) {
    return $i < 3;
});

$underThree->all();

// [1, 2]

$aboveThree->all();

// [3, 4, 5, 6]

pipe()

The pipe method passes the collection to the given callback and returns the result:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3]);

$piped = $collection->pipe(function ($collection) {
    return $collection->sum();
});

// 6

pluck()

The pluck method retrieves all of the values for a given key:

$collection = collect([
    ['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk'],
    ['product_id' => 'prod-200', 'name' => 'Chair'],
]);

$plucked = $collection->pluck('name');

$plucked->all();

// ['Desk', 'Chair']

You may also specify how you wish the resulting collection to be keyed:

$plucked = $collection->pluck('name', 'product_id');

$plucked->all();

// ['prod-100' => 'Desk', 'prod-200' => 'Chair']

If duplicate keys exist, the last matching element will be inserted into the plucked collection:

$collection = collect([
    ['brand' => 'Tesla',  'color' => 'red'],
    ['brand' => 'Pagani', 'color' => 'white'],
    ['brand' => 'Tesla',  'color' => 'black'],
    ['brand' => 'Pagani', 'color' => 'orange'],
]);

$plucked = $collection->pluck('color', 'brand');

$plucked->all();

// ['Tesla' => 'black', 'Pagani' => 'orange']

pop()

The pop method removes and returns the last item from the collection:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->pop();

// 5

$collection->all();

// [1, 2, 3, 4]

prepend()

The prepend method adds an item to the beginning of the collection:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->prepend(0);

$collection->all();

// [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

You may also pass a second argument to set the key of the prepended item:

$collection = collect(['one' => 1, 'two' => 2]);

$collection->prepend(0, 'zero');

$collection->all();

// ['zero' => 0, 'one' => 1, 'two' => 2]

pull()

The pull method removes and returns an item from the collection by its key:

$collection = collect(['product_id' => 'prod-100', 'name' => 'Desk']);

$collection->pull('name');

// 'Desk'

$collection->all();

// ['product_id' => 'prod-100']

push()

The push method appends an item to the end of the collection:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4]);

$collection->push(5);

$collection->all();

// [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

put()

The put method sets the given key and value in the collection:

$collection = collect(['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk']);

$collection->put('price', 100);

$collection->all();

// ['product_id' => 1, 'name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100]

random()

The random method returns a random item from the collection:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->random();

// 4 - (retrieved randomly)

You may optionally pass an integer to random to specify how many items you would like to randomly retrieve. A collection of items is always returned when explicitly passing the number of items you wish to receive:

$random = $collection->random(3);

$random->all();

// [2, 4, 5] - (retrieved randomly)

If the Collection has fewer items than requested, the method will throw an InvalidArgumentException.

reduce()

The reduce method reduces the collection to a single value, passing the result of each iteration into the subsequent iteration:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3]);

$total = $collection->reduce(function ($carry, $item) {
    return $carry + $item;
});

// 6

The value for $carry on the first iteration is null; however, you may specify its initial value by passing a second argument to reduce:

$collection->reduce(function ($carry, $item) {
    return $carry + $item;
}, 4);

// 10

reject()

The reject method filters the collection using the given callback. The callback should return true if the item should be removed from the resulting collection:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4]);

$filtered = $collection->reject(function ($value, $key) {
    return $value > 2;
});

$filtered->all();

// [1, 2]

For the inverse of the reject method, see the filter method.

reverse()

The reverse method reverses the order of the collection's items, preserving the original keys:

$collection = collect(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']);

$reversed = $collection->reverse();

$reversed->all();

/*
    [
        4 => 'e',
        3 => 'd',
        2 => 'c',
        1 => 'b',
        0 => 'a',
    ]
*/

search()

The search method searches the collection for the given value and returns its key if found. If the item is not found, false is returned.

$collection = collect([2, 4, 6, 8]);

$collection->search(4);

// 1

The search is done using a "loose" comparison, meaning a string with an integer value will be considered equal to an integer of the same value. To use "strict" comparison, pass true as the second argument to the method:

$collection->search('4', true);

// false

Alternatively, you may pass in your own callback to search for the first item that passes your truth test:

$collection->search(function ($item, $key) {
    return $item > 5;
});

// 2

shift()

The shift method removes and returns the first item from the collection:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->shift();

// 1

$collection->all();

// [2, 3, 4, 5]

shuffle()

The shuffle method randomly shuffles the items in the collection:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$shuffled = $collection->shuffle();

$shuffled->all();

// [3, 2, 5, 1, 4] - (generated randomly)

slice()

The slice method returns a slice of the collection starting at the given index:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]);

$slice = $collection->slice(4);

$slice->all();

// [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

If you would like to limit the size of the returned slice, pass the desired size as the second argument to the method:

$slice = $collection->slice(4, 2);

$slice->all();

// [5, 6]

The returned slice will preserve keys by default. If you do not wish to preserve the original keys, you can use the values method to reindex them.

sort()

The sort method sorts the collection. The sorted collection keeps the original array keys, so in this example we'll use the values method to reset the keys to consecutively numbered indexes:

$collection = collect([5, 3, 1, 2, 4]);

$sorted = $collection->sort();

$sorted->values()->all();

// [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

If your sorting needs are more advanced, you may pass a callback to sort with your own algorithm. Refer to the PHP documentation on uasort, which is what the collection's sortmethod calls under the hood.

 

If you need to sort a collection of nested arrays or objects, see the sortBy and sortByDesc methods.

sortBy()

The sortBy method sorts the collection by the given key. The sorted collection keeps the original array keys, so in this example we'll use the values method to reset the keys to consecutively numbered indexes:

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ['name' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100],
    ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150],
]);

$sorted = $collection->sortBy('price');

$sorted->values()->all();

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100],
        ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150],
        ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ]
*/

You can also pass your own callback to determine how to sort the collection values:

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'Desk', 'colors' => ['Black', 'Mahogany']],
    ['name' => 'Chair', 'colors' => ['Black']],
    ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'colors' => ['Red', 'Beige', 'Brown']],
]);

$sorted = $collection->sortBy(function ($product, $key) {
    return count($product['colors']);
});

$sorted->values()->all();

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'Chair', 'colors' => ['Black']],
        ['name' => 'Desk', 'colors' => ['Black', 'Mahogany']],
        ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'colors' => ['Red', 'Beige', 'Brown']],
    ]
*/

sortByDesc()

This method has the same signature as the sortBy method, but will sort the collection in the opposite order.

sortKeys()

The sortKeys method sorts the collection by the keys of the underlying associative array:

$collection = collect([
    'id' => 22345,
    'first' => 'John',
    'last' => 'Doe',
]);

$sorted = $collection->sortKeys();

$sorted->all();

/*
    [
        'first' => 'John',
        'id' => 22345,
        'last' => 'Doe',
    ]
*/

sortKeysDesc()

This method has the same signature as the sortKeys method, but will sort the collection in the opposite order.

splice()

The splice method removes and returns a slice of items starting at the specified index:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$chunk = $collection->splice(2);

$chunk->all();

// [3, 4, 5]

$collection->all();

// [1, 2]

You may pass a second argument to limit the size of the resulting chunk:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$chunk = $collection->splice(2, 1);

$chunk->all();

// [3]

$collection->all();

// [1, 2, 4, 5]

In addition, you can pass a third argument containing the new items to replace the items removed from the collection:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$chunk = $collection->splice(2, 1, [10, 11]);

$chunk->all();

// [3]

$collection->all();

// [1, 2, 10, 11, 4, 5]

split()

The split method breaks a collection into the given number of groups:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$groups = $collection->split(3);

$groups->toArray();

// [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5]]

sum()

The sum method returns the sum of all items in the collection:

collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])->sum();

// 15

If the collection contains nested arrays or objects, you should pass a key to use for determining which values to sum:

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'JavaScript: The Good Parts', 'pages' => 176],
    ['name' => 'JavaScript: The Definitive Guide', 'pages' => 1096],
]);

$collection->sum('pages');

// 1272

In addition, you may pass your own callback to determine which values of the collection to sum:

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'Chair', 'colors' => ['Black']],
    ['name' => 'Desk', 'colors' => ['Black', 'Mahogany']],
    ['name' => 'Bookcase', 'colors' => ['Red', 'Beige', 'Brown']],
]);

$collection->sum(function ($product) {
    return count($product['colors']);
});

// 6

take()

The take method returns a new collection with the specified number of items:

$collection = collect([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$chunk = $collection->take(3);

$chunk->all();

// [0, 1, 2]

You may also pass a negative integer to take the specified amount of items from the end of the collection:

$collection = collect([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$chunk = $collection->take(-2);

$chunk->all();

// [4, 5]

tap()

The tap method passes the collection to the given callback, allowing you to "tap" into the collection at a specific point and do something with the items while not affecting the collection itself:

collect([2, 4, 3, 1, 5])
    ->sort()
    ->tap(function ($collection) {
        Log::debug('Values after sorting', $collection->values()->toArray());
    })
    ->shift();

// 1

times()

The static times method creates a new collection by invoking the callback a given amount of times:

$collection = Collection::times(10, function ($number) {
    return $number * 9;
});

$collection->all();

// [9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90]

This method can be useful when combined with factories to create Eloquent models:

$categories = Collection::times(3, function ($number) {
    return factory(Category::class)->create(['name' => 'Category #'.$number]);
});

$categories->all();

/*
    [
        ['id' => 1, 'name' => 'Category #1'],
        ['id' => 2, 'name' => 'Category #2'],
        ['id' => 3, 'name' => 'Category #3'],
    ]
*/

toArray()

The toArray method converts the collection into a plain PHP array. If the collection's values are Eloquent models, the models will also be converted to arrays:

$collection = collect(['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200]);

$collection->toArray();

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ]
*/

 

toArray also converts all of the collection's nested objects to an array. If you want to get the raw underlying array, use the all method instead.

toJson()

The toJson method converts the collection into a JSON serialized string:

$collection = collect(['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200]);

$collection->toJson();

// '{"name":"Desk", "price":200}'

transform()

The transform method iterates over the collection and calls the given callback with each item in the collection. The items in the collection will be replaced by the values returned by the callback:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

$collection->transform(function ($item, $key) {
    return $item * 2;
});

$collection->all();

// [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]

 

Unlike most other collection methods, transform modifies the collection itself. If you wish to create a new collection instead, use the map method.

union()

The union method adds the given array to the collection. If the given array contains keys that are already in the original collection, the original collection's values will be preferred:

$collection = collect([1 => ['a'], 2 => ['b']]);

$union = $collection->union([3 => ['c'], 1 => ['b']]);

$union->all();

// [1 => ['a'], 2 => ['b'], 3 => ['c']]

unique()

The unique method returns all of the unique items in the collection. The returned collection keeps the original array keys, so in this example we'll use the values method to reset the keys to consecutively numbered indexes:

$collection = collect([1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 2]);

$unique = $collection->unique();

$unique->values()->all();

// [1, 2, 3, 4]

When dealing with nested arrays or objects, you may specify the key used to determine uniqueness:

$collection = collect([
    ['name' => 'iPhone 6', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'phone'],
    ['name' => 'iPhone 5', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'phone'],
    ['name' => 'Apple Watch', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'watch'],
    ['name' => 'Galaxy S6', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'phone'],
    ['name' => 'Galaxy Gear', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'watch'],
]);

$unique = $collection->unique('brand');

$unique->values()->all();

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'iPhone 6', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'phone'],
        ['name' => 'Galaxy S6', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'phone'],
    ]
*/

You may also pass your own callback to determine item uniqueness:

$unique = $collection->unique(function ($item) {
    return $item['brand'].$item['type'];
});

$unique->values()->all();

/*
    [
        ['name' => 'iPhone 6', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'phone'],
        ['name' => 'Apple Watch', 'brand' => 'Apple', 'type' => 'watch'],
        ['name' => 'Galaxy S6', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'phone'],
        ['name' => 'Galaxy Gear', 'brand' => 'Samsung', 'type' => 'watch'],
    ]
*/

The unique method uses "loose" comparisons when checking item values, meaning a string with an integer value will be considered equal to an integer of the same value. Use the uniqueStrict method to filter using "strict" comparisons.

uniqueStrict()

This method has the same signature as the unique method; however, all values are compared using "strict" comparisons.

unless()

The unless method will execute the given callback unless the first argument given to the method evaluates to true:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3]);

$collection->unless(true, function ($collection) {
    return $collection->push(4);
});

$collection->unless(false, function ($collection) {
    return $collection->push(5);
});

$collection->all();

// [1, 2, 3, 5]

For the inverse of unless, see the when method.

unwrap()

The static unwrap method returns the collection's underlying items from the given value when applicable:

Collection::unwrap(collect('John Doe'));

// ['John Doe']

Collection::unwrap(['John Doe']);

// ['John Doe']

Collection::unwrap('John Doe');

// 'John Doe'

values()

The values method returns a new collection with the keys reset to consecutive integers:

$collection = collect([
    10 => ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    11 => ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200]
]);

$values = $collection->values();

$values->all();

/*
    [
        0 => ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
        1 => ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ]
*/

when()

The when method will execute the given callback when the first argument given to the method evaluates to true:

$collection = collect([1, 2, 3]);

$collection->when(true, function ($collection) {
    return $collection->push(4);
});

$collection->when(false, function ($collection) {
    return $collection->push(5);
});

$collection->all();

// [1, 2, 3, 4]

For the inverse of when, see the unless method.

where()

The where method filters the collection by a given key / value pair:

$collection = collect([
    ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100],
    ['product' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150],
    ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100],
]);

$filtered = $collection->where('price', 100);

$filtered->all();

/*
    [
        ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100],
        ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100],
    ]
*/

The where method uses "loose" comparisons when checking item values, meaning a string with an integer value will be considered equal to an integer of the same value. Use the whereStrict method to filter using "strict" comparisons.

whereStrict()

This method has the same signature as the where method; however, all values are compared using "strict" comparisons.

whereIn()

The whereIn method filters the collection by a given key / value contained within the given array:

$collection = collect([
    ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100],
    ['product' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150],
    ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100],
]);

$filtered = $collection->whereIn('price', [150, 200]);

$filtered->all();

/*
    [
        ['product' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150],
        ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ]
*/

The whereIn method uses "loose" comparisons when checking item values, meaning a string with an integer value will be considered equal to an integer of the same value. Use the whereInStrict method to filter using "strict" comparisons.

whereInStrict()

This method has the same signature as the whereIn method; however, all values are compared using "strict" comparisons.

whereInstanceOf()

The whereInstanceOf method filters the collection by a given class type:

$collection = collect([
    new User,
    new User,
    new Post,
]);

return $collection->whereInstanceOf(User::class);

whereNotIn()

The whereNotIn method filters the collection by a given key / value not contained within the given array:

$collection = collect([
    ['product' => 'Desk', 'price' => 200],
    ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100],
    ['product' => 'Bookcase', 'price' => 150],
    ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100],
]);

$filtered = $collection->whereNotIn('price', [150, 200]);

$filtered->all();

/*
    [
        ['product' => 'Chair', 'price' => 100],
        ['product' => 'Door', 'price' => 100],
    ]
*/

The whereNotIn method uses "loose" comparisons when checking item values, meaning a string with an integer value will be considered equal to an integer of the same value. Use the whereNotInStrict method to filter using "strict" comparisons.

whereNotInStrict()

This method has the same signature as the whereNotIn method; however, all values are compared using "strict" comparisons.

wrap()

The static wrap method wraps the given value in a collection when applicable:

$collection = Collection::wrap('John Doe');

$collection->all();

// ['John Doe']

$collection = Collection::wrap(['John Doe']);

$collection->all();

// ['John Doe']

$collection = Collection::wrap(collect('John Doe'));

$collection->all();

// ['John Doe']

zip()

The zip method merges together the values of the given array with the values of the original collection at the corresponding index:

$collection = collect(['Chair', 'Desk']);

$zipped = $collection->zip([100, 200]);

$zipped->all();

// [['Chair', 100], ['Desk', 200]]

Higher Order Messages

Collections also provide support for "higher order messages", which are short-cuts for performing common actions on collections. The collection methods that provide higher order messages are: average, avg, contains, each, every, filter, first, flatMap, groupBy, keyBy, map, max, min, partition, reject, sortBy, sortByDesc, sum, and unique.

Each higher order message can be accessed as a dynamic property on a collection instance. For instance, let's use the each higher order message to call a method on each object within a collection:

$users = User::where('votes', '>', 500)->get();

$users->each->markAsVip();

Likewise, we can use the sum higher order message to gather the total number of "votes" for a collection of users:

$users = User::where('group', 'Development')->get();

return $users->sum->votes;