最佳实践 | 源码升级gcc

1、下载升级包所需软件

boost_1_60_0.tar.gz     http://www.boost.org/users/history/version_1_60_0.html
gcc-4.8.0.tar.gz        http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-4.8.0/            必须
isl-0.11.1.tar.gz       http://isl.gforge.inria.fr/                      必须
mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz        http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/gnu/mpc/            必须
cloog-0.18.1.tar.gz     ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/        必须
gmp-5.1.3.tar.gz        http://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/GNU/gmp/      必须
libelf-0.8.13.tar.gz    http://www.mr511.de/software/english.html        必须     
mpfr-3.1.3.tar.gz       http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/mpfr/                     必须

2、依次安装相关的软件

• Gmp

  tar -jxvf gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2
  cd gmp-6.1.0
  ./configure  --prefix=/usr/local/gmp
  make -j 4 && make install && echo $?

• Mpfr

  tar -zxvf mpfr-3.1.3.tar.gz
  cd mpfr-3.1.3
  ./configure --with-gmp-include=/usr/local/gmp/include \
    --with-gmp-lib=/usr/local/gmp/lib \
    --prefix=/usr/local/mpfr
  make -j 4 && make install && echo $?

• Mpc

  tar -zxvf mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz
  cd mpc-1.0.3
  ./configure --with-mpfr-include=/usr/local/mpfr/include \
    --with-mpfr-lib=/usr/local/mpfr/lib \
    --with-gmp-include=/usr/local/gmp/include \
    --with-gmp-lib=/usr/local/gmp/lib \
    --prefix=/usr/local/mpc
   make -j 4 && make install && echo $?

• Isl

  tar -zxvf isl-0.11.tar.gz
  cd isl-0.11
  ./configure --with-gmp-prefix=/usr/local/gmp --prefix=/usr/local/isl
  make -j 4 && make install && echo $?

• Cloog

  tar -zxvf cloog-0.18.0.tar.gz
  cd cloog-0.18.0
  ./configure --with-gmp-prefix=/usr/local/gmp \
    --with-isl-prefix=/usr/local/isl  \
    --prefix=/usr/local/cloog
  make -j 4 && make install && echo $?

• Gcc

  tar -zxvf gcc-4.8.0.tar.gz
  cd gcc-4.8.0
  编译安装gcc是需要指定各个依赖库的文件目录
  vi /etc/ld.so.conf
   /usr/local/isl/lib
   /usr/local/cloog/lib
   /usr/local/mpc/lib
   /usr/local/mpfr/lib
   /usr/local/gmp/lib
  保存、退出后执行命令 ldconfig
  ./configure \
     --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr \
     --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp \
     --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc \
     --with-mpfr-include=/usr/local/mpfr/include \
     --with-mpfr-lib=/usr/local/mpfr/lib \
     --with-gmp-lib=/usr/local/gmp/lib \
     --with-gmp-include=/usr/local/gmp/include \
     --with-mpc-lib=/usr/local/mpc/lib \
     --with-mpc-inclue=/usr/local/mpc/include \
     --with-isl-include=/usr/local/isl/include \
     --with-isl-lib=/usr/local/isl/lib/ \
     --with-cloog-include=/usr/local/cloog/include \
     --with-cloog-lib=/usr/local/cloog/lib \
     --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,fortran,obj-c++,java \
     --enable-threads=posix \
     --disable-multilib \
     --with-pkgversion='SUSE Linux'
  make -j 4 && make install && echo $?

3、验证

  gcc -v

4、报错解决

 1）解压gcc安装包直接编译
   错误信息：
   configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 2.4.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+.Try the --with-gmp, --with-mpfr and/or --with-mpc options to specify their locatio
   错误原因：
   对gcc源码编译安装，需要GMP 4.2+,MPFR 2.4.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+的事先安装，如果检测不到默认头文件和库文件里存在上述安装包文件，则会报错。
   解决方案：
   通过安装gmp,mpfr,mpc安装包，并指定其库文件路径进行编译gcc即可，具体版本和安装步骤详细参考上述安装步骤。
   安装gmp,mpfr,mpc后执行下面编译脚本进行编译
   ./configure --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc   --with-mpfr-include=/usr/local/mpfr/include --with-mpfr-lib=/usr/local/mpfr/lib --with-gmp-lib=/usr/local/gmp/lib --with-gmp-include=/usr/local/gmp/include --with-mpc-lib=/usr/local/mpc/lib --with-mpc-inclue=/usr/local/mpc/include --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-threads=posix --disable-multilib
2）编译mpc安装包出错
   错误信息：
   /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.1.2/../../../../lib64/libmpfr.a: could not read symbols: Bad value
   collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
   make[2]: *** [libmpc.la] Error 1
   make[2]: Leaving directory `/tools/PXC/gcc/mpc-1.0.3/src'
   make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
   make[1]: Leaving directory `/tools/PXC/gcc/mpc-1.0.3'
   make: *** [all] Error 2
   错误原因：
   编译mpc源码时，没有指定gmp、mpfr对应的安装路径（主要是库文件和头文件路径）
   解决方案：
   在编译脚本里加入相应的gmp、mpfr安装路径或者库文件+头文件路径
   ./configure --with-mpfr-include=/usr/local/mpfr/include  --with-mpfr-lib=/usr/local/mpfr/lib --with-gmp-include=/usr/local/gmp/include --with-gmp-lib=/usr/local/gmp/lib --prefix=/usr/local/mpc
    或者
    ./configure --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp --prefix=/usr/local/mpc
3）带gmp、mpfr、mpc编译参数，编译gcc源码出错
   错误信息：
   conftest.c:10:25: error: isl/version.h: No such file or directory
   错误原因：
   没安装isl安装包
   解决方案：
   安装isl-0.11.1.tar.gz,具体安装步骤参照上面内容。
4）源码编译isl出错
   错误信息：
   ./.libs/libisl.so: undefined reference to `__gmp_get_memory_functions'
   collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
   make[2]: *** [isl_cat] Error 1
   ./.libs/libisl.so: undefined reference to `__gmp_get_memory_functions'
   collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
   make[2]: *** [isl_polyhedron_detect_equalities] Error 1
   make[2]: Leaving directory `/tools/PXC/gcc/isl-0.12.2'
   make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
   make[1]: Leaving directory `/tools/PXC/gcc/isl-0.12.2'
   make: *** [all] Error 2
   错误原因：
   isl编译安装，需要在指定gmp的安装路径
   解决方案：
   在编译参数里指定gmp的安装路径，并且格式为--with-gmp-prefix==，不能用--with-gmp
   ./configure    --with-gmp-prefix=/usr/local/gmp --prefix=/usr/local/isl
   参考文件：https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/isl-development/ejZLCmty4Nc/PrKXb9noTCoJ
5）安装完gmp,mpfr,mpc,isl后，源码编译gcc出错
   错误信息：
   configure:6098: gcc -c -g -O2 -DCLOOG_INT_GMP  -I/usr/local/isl/include -I/usr/local/gmp/include -I/usr/local/mpfr/include -I/usr/local/mpc/include   conftest.c >&5
   conftest.c:10:27: error: cloog/version.h: No such file or directory
   conftest.c: In function 'main':
   conftest.c:15: error: 'choke' undeclared (first use in this function)
   conftest.c:15: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
   conftest.c:15: error: for each function it appears in.)
   conftest.c:15: error: expected ';' before 'me'
   错误原因：
   缺少安装包cloog，没找到相应的库文件。
   解决方案：
   安装cloog-0.18.1.tar.gz ，具体安装步骤参照上面安装步骤，安装cloog后，继续编译gcc
   ./configure --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc   --with-mpfr-include=/usr/local/mpfr/include --with-mpfr-lib=/usr/local/mpfr/lib --with-gmp-lib=/usr/local/gmp/lib --with-gmp-include=/usr/local/gmp/include --with-mpc-lib=/usr/local/mpc/lib --with-mpc-inclue=/usr/local/mpc/include  --with-isl-include=/usr/local/isl/include --with-isl-lib=/usr/local/isl/lib/ --with-cloog-include=/usr/local/cloog/include --with-cloog-lib=/usr/local/cloog/lib --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-threads=posix --disable-multilib --disable-bootstrap --disable-libstdcxx-pch
6）安装cloog遇到下属错误
   错误信息：
   ./conftest: error while loading shared libraries: libisl.so.10: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
   错误原因：
   找不到isl的库文件，需要在/etc/ld.so.conf中添加以下内容/usr/local/isl/lib，并通过ldconfig使其生效。
   解决方案：
   通过LD_LIBRARY_PATH指定isl库文件路径或者在/etc/ld.so.conf中添加以下内容/usr/local/isl/lib，并通过ldconfig使其生效。然后通过相应的编辑参数指定isl的库文件和头文件，进行cloog编译安装。通过strings /etc/ld.so.cache | grep libisl  查看是否已经将库文件写入缓存。
7)下属错误可以忽略
   错误信息01：
   conftest.cpp:11:2: error: #error -static-libstdc++ not implemented
8)下属错误可以忽略
  错误信息：
  ldconfig: /usr/local/isl/lib/libisl.so.10.1.0-gdb.py is not an ELF file - it   has the wrong magic bytes at the start.
  错误原因：
  /usr/local/isl/lib/libisl.so.10.1.0-gdb.py 文件类型错误
  解决方案：
  rm /usr/local/isl/lib/libisl.so.10.1.0-gdb.py

5、参考文档

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9450394/how-to-install-gcc-piece-by-piece-with-gmp-mpfr-mpc-elf-without-shared-libra
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/isl-development/ejZLCmty4Nc/PrKXb9noTCoJ