对Oracle10g rac srvctl命令使用理解

srvctl命令是RAC维护中最常用到的命令，也最为复杂，使用这个命令可以操作CRS上的Database,Instance,
ASM,Service、Listener和Node Application资源，其中Node Application资源又包括了GSD、ONS、VIP。这些
资源还有独立的管理工具，比如
ONS可以使用onsctl命令进行管理： http://www.cnblogs.com/myrunning/p/4265522.html
listener还可以通过lsnrctl命令进行管理：http://www.cnblogs.com/myrunning/p/3977931.html

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl -help

Usage: srvctl <command> <object> [<options>]

    command: enable|disable|start|stop|relocate|status|add|remove|modify|getenv|setenv|unsetenv|config

    objects: database|instance|service|nodeapps|asm|listener

For detailed help on each command and object and its options use:

    srvctl <command> <object> -h

1.使用config查看配置

<1>查看数据库配置

srvctl config database   --查看在ocr注册的所有数据库
srvctl config database -d racdb   --使用-d选项查看某个具体的数据库配置
srvctl config database -d racdb -a   --使用-a选项查看更详细的配置

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config database

racdb

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config database -d racdb

rac4 racdb2 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

rac3 racdb1 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config database -d racdb -a

rac4 racdb2 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

rac3 racdb1 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

DB_NAME: racdb

ORACLE_HOME: /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

SPFILE: +DATA/racdb/spfileracdb.ora

DOMAIN: null

DB_ROLE: null

START_OPTIONS: null

POLICY:  AUTOMATIC

ENABLE FLAG: DB ENABLED

<2>查看Node Application的配置

--srvctl config nodeapps -n rac3 不带任何参数返回节点实例的$ORACLE_HOME

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config nodeapps -n rac3

rac3 racdb1 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

--使用-a选项,查看vip配置

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config nodeapps -n rac3 -a

VIP exists.: /rac3-vip/192.168.1.203/255.255.255.0/eth0:eth1

--使用-g选项,查看gsd：

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config nodeapps -n rac3 -g

GSD exists.

--使用-s选项，查看ons:

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config nodeapps -n rac3 -s

ONS daemon exists.

--使用-l选项,查看listener:

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config nodeapps -n rac3 -l

Listener exists.

<3>查看Listener的配置

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config listener -n rac3

rac3 LISTENER_RAC3

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config listener -n rac4

rac4 LISTENER_RAC4

显示出了节点上Listener的名称

<4>查看asm

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config asm -n rac3

+ASM1 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config asm -n rac4

+ASM2 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

显示出了每个节点上的ASM实例名和$ORACLE_HOME

<5>查看Service

--查看数据库的所有Service配置：

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config service -d racdb -a

racdbserver PREF: racdb2 AVAIL: racdb1 TAF: basic

--查看那某个Service配置:

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config service -d racdb -s racdbserver

racdbserver PREF: racdb2 AVAIL: racdb1

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config service -d racdb -s racdbserver -a   --增加-a选项可以查看TAF策略

racdbserver PREF: racdb2 AVAIL: racdb1 TAF: basic

输出racdbserver这个服务,racdb2是首选实例,racdb1是可选实例 TAF策略是basic

2.使用remove删除对象

注意：使用remove命令删除的只是对象在OCR中的定义信息，对象本身比如数据库的数据文件等不会被删除，以后可以随时使用add命令重新添加到ocr中.

<1>删除Service

在删除之前，命令会给出确认提示,最后两行就是我们的service信息

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora....SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....C3.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.ons   application    ONLINE    OFFLINE

ora.rac3.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora....C4.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.racdb.db   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora....b1.inst application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....b2.inst application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora....rver.cs application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....db2.srv application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

--删除失败,提示我们service正在运行

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl remove service -d racdb -s racdbserver

racdbserver PREF: racdb2 AVAIL: racdb1

Remove service racdbserver from the database racdb? (y/[n]) y

PRKP- : The service racdbserver is still running.

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl stop service -d racdb -s racdbserver

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora....SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....C3.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.ons   application    ONLINE    OFFLINE

ora.rac3.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora....C4.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.racdb.db   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora....b1.inst application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....b2.inst application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora....rver.cs application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

ora....db2.srv application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl remove service -d racdb -s racdbserver

racdbserver PREF: racdb2 AVAIL: racdb1

Remove service racdbserver from the database racdb? (y/[n]) y

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora....SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....C3.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.ons   application    ONLINE    OFFLINE

ora.rac3.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora....C4.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.racdb.db   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora....b1.inst application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....b2.inst application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

可以看到通过crs_stat -t命令已经看不到service信息了

<2>删除实例

删除两个实例，命令会给出确认提示：

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl remove instance -d racdb -i racdb1

Remove instance racdb1 from the database racdb? (y/[n]) y

PRKP- : The instance {} is still running.racdb

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl stop instance -d racdb -i racdb1

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl stop instance -d racdb -i racdb2

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl remove instance -d racdb -i racdb1

Remove instance racdb1 from the database racdb? (y/[n]) y

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl remove instance -d racdb -i racdb2

Remove instance racdb2 from the database racdb? (y/[n]) y

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora....SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....C3.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora....C4.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.racdb.db   application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

可以看到通过crs_stat -t 命令已经看不到实例的信息了

<3>删除数据库

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl remove database -d racdb

Remove the database racdb? (y/[n]) y

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora....SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....C3.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora....C4.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

可以看到crs_stat -t 已经看不到数据库在ocr的注册信息了

3.使用add添加对象

一般情况下，应用层的资源都是在图形界面的帮组下注册到OCR中的，比如vip、ons是在安装最后的阶段创建的（这些资源也是集群中必须有的，为集群机制服务的），而数据库、ASM是在执行DBCA的过程中自动注册到OCR中的，Listener是通过NETCA工具自动注册到OCR中的。有时候我们需要通过手工的方式把资源注册到OCR中，这时就用到了add命令。

通过上面的说明，我们可以想到假如OCR损坏且没有备份的情况下，我们可以手动的方式重建OCR。

<1>添加数据库

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora....SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....C3.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora....C4.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

[oracle@rac3 ~]$

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl add database -d racdb -o $ORACLE_HOME

[oracle@rac3 ~]$

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora....SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....C3.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora....C4.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.racdb.db   application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

通过上面的信息可以看到数据已经被成功注册到OCR中.

<2>添加实例

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl add instance -d racdb -n rac3 -i racdb1

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl add instance -d racdb -n rac4 -i racdb2

[oracle@rac3 ~]$

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora....SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....C3.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora....C4.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.racdb.db   application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

ora....b1.inst application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

ora....b2.inst application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

通过上面的信息可以看到实例已经被成功注册到OCR中

<3>添加服务

添加服务需要使用4个参数 -s 服务名 -r 首选实例 -a 备选实例 -P TAF策略，可选值为NONE(缺省值)、BASIC、PRECONNECT

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl add service -d racdb -s racdbservice -r racdb1 -a racdb2 -P BASIC

[oracle@rac3 ~]$

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora....SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....C3.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora.rac3.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac3

ora....SM2.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora....C4.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.gsd   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.ons   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.rac4.vip   application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac4

ora.racdb.db   application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

ora....b1.inst application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

ora....b2.inst application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

ora....vice.cs application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

ora....db1.srv application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

[oracle@rac3 ~]$

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config service -d racdb -s racdbservice -a

racdbservice PREF: racdb1 AVAIL: racdb2 TAF: BASIC

通过上面的信息可以看到服务已经被成功注册到OCR中，而且通过命令srvctl config service -d racdb -s racdbservice -a
确认能够得到正确的添加信息.

4.使用enable/disable启动、禁用对象

<1>配置数据库随crs的启动而自动自动

--关闭数据库自动启动特性：

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config database -d racdb -a

rac3 racdb1 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

rac4 racdb2 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

DB_NAME: null

ORACLE_HOME: /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

SPFILE: null

DOMAIN: null

DB_ROLE: null

START_OPTIONS: null

POLICY:  AUTOMATIC

ENABLE FLAG: DB ENABLED

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl disable database -d racdb

[oracle@rac3 ~]$

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config database -d racdb -a

rac3 racdb1 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

rac4 racdb2 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

DB_NAME: null

ORACLE_HOME: /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

SPFILE: null

DOMAIN: null

DB_ROLE: null

START_OPTIONS: null

POLICY:  MANUAL

ENABLE FLAG: DB DISABLED, INST DISABLED ON racdb1 racdb2

通过最后一行的输出可以数据库和两个实例都被设置成了disable

--启用数据库自动启动特性：

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl enable database -d racdb

[oracle@rac3 ~]$

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config database -d racdb -a

rac3 racdb1 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

rac4 racdb2 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

DB_NAME: null

ORACLE_HOME: /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

SPFILE: null

DOMAIN: null

DB_ROLE: null

START_OPTIONS: null

POLICY:  AUTOMATIC

ENABLE FLAG: DB ENABLED

<2>关闭某个实例的自动启动

注意：却省时实例都是自动启动的

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl disable instance -d racdb -i racdb1

[oracle@rac3 ~]$

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config database -d racdb -a

rac3 racdb1 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

rac4 racdb2 /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

DB_NAME: null

ORACLE_HOME: /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1

SPFILE: null

DOMAIN: null

DB_ROLE: null

START_OPTIONS: null

POLICY:  AUTOMATIC

ENABLE FLAG: DB ENABLED, INST DISABLED ON racdb

最后一行可以看到有提示racdb1实例被关闭

启动：srvctl enable instance -d racdb -i racdb1

<3>禁止服务在某个实例上运行

禁止服务在racdb1上运行：

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl disable service -d  racdb -s racdbservice -i racdb1

[oracle@rac3 ~]$

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl config service -d racdb -a

racdbservice PREF: racdb1 AVAIL: racdb2 TAF: BASIC

Service racdbservice is disabled on instance(s) racdb1.

最后一行提示了racdbservice在实例racdb1上被禁止了

启用：srvctl enable service -d racdb -s racdbservice -i racdb1

5.启动/停止对象与查看对象

在RAC环境下启动、关闭数据库虽然仍然可以使用SQL*Plus方法，但是更推荐使用srvctl命令来做这些工作，这可以保证及时更新crs中的运行信息。

可以使用start/stop命令启动、停止对象，然后使用status命令查看对象状态。

<1>启动数据库，缺省是启动到open状态

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl start database -d racdb

[oracle@rac3 ~]$

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1. - Production on Wed Jan  :: 

Copyright (c) , , Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1. - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS

------------

OPEN

SQL>

<2>启动实例到指定状态

--启动实例1到mount状态

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl start instance -d racdb -i racdb1 -o mount

[oracle@rac3 ~]$

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1. - Production on Wed Jan  :: 

Copyright (c) , , Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1. - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS

------------

MOUNTED

--启动实例2到nomount状态

[oracle@rac4 ~]$ srvctl start instance -d racdb -i racdb2 -o nomount

[oracle@rac4 ~]$

[oracle@rac4 ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1. - Production on Wed Jan  :: 

Copyright (c) , , Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1. - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS

------------

STARTED

SQL>

<3>关闭对象并指定关闭方式

--以immediate方式关闭racdb1实例

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl stop instance -d racdb -i racdb1 -o immediate

--以abort方式关闭racdb2实例

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl stop instance -d racdb -i racdb2 -o abort

<4>在指定的实例上启动服务

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl start service -d racdb -s racdbservice -i racdb1

[oracle@rac3 ~]$

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl status service -d racdb -v

Service racdbservice is running on instance(s) racdb1

最后一行提示racdbservice服务运行在racdb1上

--查看帮助

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl status service -d racdb -h

Usage: srvctl status service -d <name> [-s "<service_name_list>"] [-f] [-v] [-S <level>]

    -d <name>           Unique name for the database

    -s "<serv,...>"     Comma separated service names

    -f                  Include disabled applications

    -v                  Verbose output

    -S <level>          Additional information for EM Console

    -h                  Print usage

<5>关闭指定的实例上的服务

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl stop service -d racdb -s racdbservice -i racdb1
[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl status service -d racdb -v
Service racdbservice is running on instance(s)

6.跟踪srvctl

在ORACLE10g 中要跟踪srvctl非常简单，只需要设置SRVM_TRACE=true 这个OS环境变量即可。
设置完后这个命令的所有函数调用就会输出到屏幕上，可以帮组用户进行诊断。

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ export SRVM_TRACE=true

[oracle@rac3 ~]$ srvctl stop database -d racdb

/opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1/jdk/jre/bin/java -classpath /opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1/jlib/netcfg.jar:/opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1/jdk/jre/lib/rt.jar:/opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1/jdk/jre/lib/i18n.jar:/opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1/jlib/srvm.jar:/opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1/jlib/srvmhas.jar:/opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1/jlib/srvmasm.jar:/opt/ora10g/product/10.2./db_1/srvm/jlib/srvctl.jar -DTRACING.ENABLED=true -DTRACING.LEVEL= oracle.ops.opsctl.OPSCTLDriver stop database -d racdb

[main] [:::] [OPSCTLDriver.setInternalDebugLevel:]  tracing is true at level  to file null

[main] [:::] [OPSCTLDriver.<init>:]  Security manager is set

[main] [:::] [CommandLineParser.parse:]  parsing cmdline args

[main] [:::] [CommandLineParser.parse2WordCommandOptions:]  parsing -word cmdline

[main] [:::] [OPSCTLDriver.execute:]  executing srvctl command

[main] [:::] [OPSCTLDriver.execute:]  executing -word command verb= noun=

[main] [:::] [CommandLineParser.obtainOPS:]  srvctl: get reference to : racdb

[main] [:::] [GetActiveNodes.create:]  Going into GetActiveNodes constructor...

....................

致谢：本文章参考了张晓明<<大话Oracle RAC>>

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