名词解释:

LNMP:Linux+Nginx+MySql+PHP
LAMP:LInux+Apache+MySql+PHP
Nginx的正确读法应该是Engine X
我们使用CentOS自带的YUM来安装


镜像源切换


先把YUM源切换成国内的镜像源
先备份一下原来的源镜像文件

# cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

下载新的CentOS-Base.repo

#wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

如果没有安装wget的话可以使用#yum install wget安装完成之后,在执行CentOS-Base.repo的安装
/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Media.repo源文件配置文件,改为不生效

enable=

YUM缓存生成

#yum clean all
#yum makecache
#yum update

安装Nginx


YUM源中没有Nginx,我们需要增加一个nginx的源nginx.repo

# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo

源文件的内容

[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=
enabled=

查看Nginx是否配置成功

#yum list nginx
已加载插件:fastestmirror
nginx | 2.9 kB ::
nginx//x86_64/primary_db | kB ::
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
可安装的软件包
nginx.x86_64 :1.10.-.el7.ngx nginx
#yum list |grep nginx
nginx.x86_64                               :1.10.-.el7.ngx          nginx
nginx-debug.x86_64 :1.8.-.el7.ngx nginx
nginx-debuginfo.x86_64 :1.10.-.el7.ngx nginx
nginx-module-geoip.x86_64 :1.10.-.el7.ngx nginx
nginx-module-geoip-debuginfo.x86_64 :1.10.-.el7.ngx nginx
nginx-module-image-filter.x86_64 :1.10.-.el7.ngx nginx
nginx-module-image-filter-debuginfo.x86_64 :1.10.-.el7.ngx nginx
nginx-module-njs.x86_64 :1.10.2.0.0.20160414.1c50334fbea6-.el7.ngx
nginx
nginx-module-njs-debuginfo.x86_64 :1.10.2.0.0.20160414.1c50334fbea6-.el7.ngx
nginx
nginx-module-perl.x86_64 :1.10.-.el7.ngx nginx
nginx-module-perl-debuginfo.x86_64 :1.10.-.el7.ngx nginx
nginx-module-xslt.x86_64 :1.10.-.el7.ngx nginx
nginx-module-xslt-debuginfo.x86_64 :1.10.-.el7.ngx nginx
nginx-nr-agent.noarch 2.0.-.el7.ngx nginx
pcp-pmda-nginx.x86_64 3.10.-.el7 base

安装成功后,就可以直接安装nginx了

#yum -y install nginx

安装的就是Nginx官网的最新版本

#nginx #启动Nginx

可以使用curl命令查看是否安装成功

#curl 127.0.0.1

如果安装成功的话,就会看到输出一个HTML的一个反馈

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p> <p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p> <p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

开机启动设置

#systemctl enable nginx
#systemctl daemon-reload

安装MySql(5.7)


官网:http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

#rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm

查看5.7版本是否已经启用

#yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community         启用:
mysql-connectors-community-source MySQL Connectors Community - Sourc 禁用
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 启用:
mysql-tools-community-source MySQL Tools Community - Source 禁用
mysql-tools-preview/x86_64 MySQL Tools Preview 禁用
mysql-tools-preview-source MySQL Tools Preview - Source 禁用
mysql55-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.5 Community Server 禁用
mysql55-community-source MySQL 5.5 Community Server - Sourc 禁用
mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server 禁用
mysql56-community-source MySQL 5.6 Community Server - Sourc 禁用
mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 启用:
mysql57-community-source MySQL 5.7 Community Server - Sourc 禁用
mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server 禁用
mysql80-community-source MySQL 8.0 Community Server - Sourc 禁用

如果没有启用的话,我们可以修改源文件

#/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=
gpgcheck=
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

enabled改为1就可以了,其他的版本改为0

[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=
gpgcheck=
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql [mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=
gpgcheck=
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql # Enable to use MySQL 5.5
[mysql55-community]
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=
gpgcheck=
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql # Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=
gpgcheck=
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql [mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=
gpgcheck=
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql [mysql80-community]
name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=
gpgcheck=
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql [mysql-tools-preview]
name=MySQL Tools Preview
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-preview/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=
gpgcheck=
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

修改完成之后查看可用的版本

#yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community
mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server

如果看到5.7版本启用了之后就可以安装MySql了

#yum -y install mysql-community-server

安装完成之后,就可以启动mysql了

#service mysqld start

查看MySql的启动状态

#service mysqld status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status  mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 日 -- :: CST; 3min 14s ago
Process: ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=/SUCCESS)
Process: ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=/SUCCESS)
Main PID: (mysqld)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─ /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 5月 :: 192.168.0.14 systemd[]: Starting MySQL Server...
5月 :: 192.168.0.14 systemd[]: Started MySQL Server.
5月 :: 192.168.0.14 systemd[]: Started MySQL Server.

开机启动设置

#systemctl enable mysqld
#systemctl daemon-reload

MySql安装完成之后会在LOG文件(/var/log/mysqld.log)中生成一个root的默认密码

#grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
--23T14::.705458Z  [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: d&sqr7dcf7P_

登录MySql并修改root密码

#mysql -uroot -p
mysql>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new psd';

扩展阅读:mysql的密码策略

mysql>show variables like '%password%';
+---------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------------+--------+
| default_password_lifetime | 0 |
| disconnect_on_expired_password | ON |
| log_builtin_as_identified_by_password | OFF |
| mysql_native_password_proxy_users | OFF |
| old_passwords | 0 |
| report_password | |
| sha256_password_proxy_users | OFF |
| validate_password_check_user_name | OFF |
| validate_password_dictionary_file | |
| validate_password_length | 8 |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 |
| validate_password_number_count | 1 |
| validate_password_policy | MEDIUM |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1 |
+---------------------------------------+--------+
14 rows in set (0.01 sec)

默认的密码策略

validate_password_policy:密码策略,默认为MEDIUM策略
validate_password_dictionary_file:密码策略文件,策略为STRONG才需要
validate_password_length:密码最少长度
validate_password_mixed_case_count:大小写字符长度,至少1个
validate_password_number_count :数字至少1个
validate_password_special_char_count:特殊字符至少1个

修改密码策略
/etc/my.cnf文件添加validate_password_policy配置:

# 选择0(LOW),(MEDIUM),(STRONG)其中一种,选择2需要提供密码字典文件
validate_password_policy=

修改默认编码
/etc/my.cnf配置文件的[mysqld]下添加编码配置:

[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

重启mysql,是修改生效

#systemctl restart mysqld

远程登录用户添加

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO 'lmc'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '1qazXsw@' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

查看用户

mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;
+-----------+-----------+
| host | user |
+-----------+-----------+
| % | lmc |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
+-----------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

由于开始没有关闭SELinux,引起mysql连接失败的解决:
http://www.jianshu.com/p/ddd3ce15cb84


安装PHP7

#rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
#rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

安装PHP7

#yum install php70w.x86_64 php70w-cli.x86_64 php70w-common.x86_64 php70w-gd.x86_64 php70w-ldap.x86_64 php70w-mbstring.x86_64 php70w-mcrypt.x86_64 php70w-mysql.x86_64 php70w-pdo.x86_64

安装php-fpm

#yum install php70w-fpm php70w-opcache

启动php-fpm

#systemctl start php-fpm

开机启动设置

#systemctl enable php-fpm
#systemctl daemon-reload

修改根目录
修改 /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

location ~ \.php$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}

重启Nginx使修改生效

作者:890624
博客转自:https://www.jianshu.com/p/02baa54283ba
來源:简书

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