让C# Excel导入导出，支持不同版本的Office

问题：最近在项目中遇到，不同客户机安装不同Office版本，在导出Excel时，发生错误。

找不到Excel Com组件，错误信息如下。

未能加载文件或程序集“Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel, Version=12.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c”或它的某一个依赖项。系统找不到指定的文件。

解决方法：

　　1.引用高版本的的Excel.dll组件，最新版本14.0.0 防止客户安装高版本如Office不能导出。

　　（DLL组件可以兼容低版本，不能兼容高版本）

2.右键DLL属性，将引用的Excel.dll组件，嵌入互操作类型为True，特定版本=false .这一步非常关键。

　　　　嵌入互操作类型 改成True后，生成时可能现有调用Excel的代码会报错，引用Microsoft.CSharp 命名空间，可以解决此问题。

3.引用Excel 14.0.0 DLL组件方法，vs2012 右键添加引用->程序集->扩展->Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel

　　Excel.dll     http://files.cnblogs.com/files/ichk/Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.rar

其他方法：

　　1.使用NPOI.DLL开源组件，可以不安装Office软件，进行读写Excel文件。

　　NPIO.dll     http://files.cnblogs.com/files/ichk/NPOI.rar

调用方法如下：

导出代码：

    /// <summary>
     /// DataTable导出到Excel的MemoryStream Export()
     /// </summary>
     /// <param name="dtSource">DataTable数据源</param>
     /// <param name="strHeaderText">Excel表头文本（例如：车辆列表）</param>
     public static MemoryStream Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText)
     {
         HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
         ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();

         #region 右击文件 属性信息
         {
             DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation();
             dsi.Company = "NPOI";
             workbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi;

             SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation();
             si.Author = "文件作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息
             si.ApplicationName = "创建程序信息"; //填加xls文件创建程序信息
             si.LastAuthor = "最后保存者信息"; //填加xls文件最后保存者信息
             si.Comments = "作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息
             si.Title = "标题信息"; //填加xls文件标题信息
             si.Subject = "主题信息";//填加文件主题信息
             si.CreateDateTime = System.DateTime.Now;
             workbook.SummaryInformation = si;
         }
         #endregion

         ICellStyle dateStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
         IDataFormat format = workbook.CreateDataFormat();
         dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd");

         //取得列宽
         int[] arrColWidth = new int[dtSource.Columns.Count];
         foreach (DataColumn item in dtSource.Columns)
         {
             arrColWidth[item.Ordinal] = Encoding.GetEncoding().GetBytes(item.ColumnName.ToString()).Length;
         }
         for (int i = ; i < dtSource.Rows.Count; i++)
         {
             for (int j = ; j < dtSource.Columns.Count; j++)
             {
                 int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding().GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][j].ToString()).Length;
                 if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j])
                 {
                     arrColWidth[j] = intTemp;
                 }
             }
         }
         int rowIndex = ;
         foreach (DataRow row in dtSource.Rows)
         {
             #region 新建表，填充表头，填充列头，样式
             if (rowIndex ==  || rowIndex == )
             {
                 if (rowIndex != )
                 {
                     sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();
                 }

                 #region 表头及样式
                 {
                     IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow();
                     headerRow.HeightInPoints = ;
                     headerRow.CreateCell().SetCellValue(strHeaderText);

                     ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
                     headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.CENTER;
                     IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
                     font.FontHeightInPoints = ;
                     font.Boldweight = ;
                     headStyle.SetFont(font);
                     headerRow.GetCell().CellStyle = headStyle;
                     sheet.AddMergedRegion(new NPOI.SS.Util.CellRangeAddress(, , , dtSource.Columns.Count - ));
                 }
                 #endregion

                 #region 列头及样式
                 {
                     IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow();
                     ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
                     headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.CENTER;
                     IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
                     font.FontHeightInPoints = ;
                     font.Boldweight = ;
                     headStyle.SetFont(font);
                     foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)
                     {
                         headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName);
                         headerRow.GetCell(column.Ordinal).CellStyle = headStyle;

                         //设置列宽
                         sheet.SetColumnWidth(column.Ordinal, (arrColWidth[column.Ordinal] + ) * );
                     }
                 }
                 #endregion

                 rowIndex = ;
             }
             #endregion

             #region 填充内容
             IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
             foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)
             {
                 ICell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal);

                 string drValue = row[column].ToString();

                 switch (column.DataType.ToString())
                 {
                     case "System.String"://字符串类型
                         newCell.SetCellValue(drValue);
                         break;
                     case "System.DateTime"://日期类型
                         System.DateTime dateV;
                         System.DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV);
                         newCell.SetCellValue(dateV);

                         newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle;//格式化显示
                         break;
                     case "System.Boolean"://布尔型
                         bool boolV = false;
                         bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV);
                         newCell.SetCellValue(boolV);
                         break;
                     case "System.Int16"://整型
                     case "System.Int32":
                     case "System.Int64":
                     case "System.Byte":
                         int intV = ;
                         int.TryParse(drValue, out intV);
                         newCell.SetCellValue(intV);
                         break;
                     case "System.Decimal"://浮点型
                     case "System.Double":
                         double doubV = ;
                         double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV);
                         newCell.SetCellValue(doubV);
                         break;
                     case "System.DBNull"://空值处理
                         newCell.SetCellValue("");
                         break;
                     default:
                         newCell.SetCellValue("");
                         break;
                 }
             }
             #endregion

             rowIndex++;
         }
         using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
         {
             workbook.Write(ms);
             ms.Flush();
             ms.Position = ;
             sheet.Dispose();
             return ms;
         }
     }

导入代码：

     /// <summary>
     /// 读取excel ,默认第一行为标头
     /// </summary>
     /// <param name="strFileName">excel文档路径</param>
     /// <returns></returns>
     public static DataTable Import(string strFileName)
     {
         DataTable dt = new DataTable();

         HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook;
         using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
         {
             hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file);
         }
         ISheet sheet = hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt();
         System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator();

         IRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow();
         int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;

         for (int j = ; j < cellCount; j++)
         {
             ICell cell = headerRow.GetCell(j);
             dt.Columns.Add(cell.ToString());
         }

         for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + ); i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++)
         {
             IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
             DataRow dataRow = dt.NewRow();

             for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++)
             {
                 if (row.GetCell(j) != null)
                     dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
             }

             dt.Rows.Add(dataRow);
         }
         return dt;
     }

2.使用C#发射方式调用Excel进行，不需要引用Excel.dll组件。此种方法不建议，太麻烦，也需要安装Office。

调用方法如下：

　　

 private void Export2Excel(DataGridView datagridview, bool captions)
         {
             object objApp_Late;
             object objBook_Late;
             object objBooks_Late;
             object objSheets_Late;
             object objSheet_Late;
             object objRange_Late;
             object[] Parameters;

             string[] headers = new string[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)];
             string[] columns = new string[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)];
             string[] colName = new string[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)];

             int i = ;
             int c = ;
             int m = ;

             for (c = ; c < datagridview.Columns.Count; c++)
             {
                 for (int j = ; j < datagridview.Columns.Count; j++)
                 {
                     DataGridViewColumn tmpcol = datagridview.Columns[j];
                     if (tmpcol.DisplayIndex == c)
                     {
                         if (tmpcol.Visible) //不显示的隐藏列初始化为tag＝0
                         {
                             headers[c - m] = tmpcol.HeaderText;
                             i = c - m + ;
                             columns[c - m] = Convert.ToString((char)i);
                             colName[c - m] = tmpcol.Name;
                         }
                         else
                         {
                             m++;
                         }
                         break;
                     }
                 }
             }

             try
             {
                 // Get the class type and instantiate Excel.
                 Type objClassType;
                 objClassType = Type.GetTypeFromProgID("Excel.Application");
                 objApp_Late = Activator.CreateInstance(objClassType);
                 //Get the workbooks collection.
                 objBooks_Late = objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Workbooks", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objApp_Late, null);
                 //Add a new workbook.
                 objBook_Late = objBooks_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Add", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, objBooks_Late, null);
                 //Get the worksheets collection.
                 objSheets_Late = objBook_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Worksheets", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objBook_Late, null);
                 //Get the first worksheet.
                 Parameters = new Object[];
                 Parameters[] = ;
                 objSheet_Late = objSheets_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Item", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheets_Late, Parameters);

                 if (captions)
                 {
                     // Create the headers in the first row of the sheet
                     for (c = ; c < datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true); c++)
                     {
                         //Get a range object that contains cell.
                         Parameters = new Object[];
                         Parameters[] = columns[c] + "";
                         Parameters[] = Missing.Value;
                         objRange_Late = objSheet_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Range", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheet_Late, Parameters);
                         //Write Headers in cell.
                         Parameters = new Object[];
                         Parameters[] = headers[c];
                         objRange_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Value", BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, objRange_Late, Parameters);
                     }
                 }

                 // Now add the data from the grid to the sheet starting in row 2
                 for (i = ; i < datagridview.RowCount; i++)
                 {
                     c = ;
                     foreach (string txtCol in colName)
                     {
                         DataGridViewColumn col = datagridview.Columns[txtCol];
                         if (col.Visible)
                         {
                             //Get a range object that contains cell.
                             Parameters = new Object[];
                             Parameters[] = columns[c] + Convert.ToString(i + );
                             Parameters[] = Missing.Value;
                             objRange_Late = objSheet_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Range", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheet_Late, Parameters);
                             //Write Headers in cell.
                             Parameters = new Object[];
                             //Parameters[0] = datagridview.Rows[i].Cells[headers[c]].Value.ToString();
                             Parameters[] = datagridview.Rows[i].Cells[col.Name].Value.ToString();
                             objRange_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Value", BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, objRange_Late, Parameters);
                             c++;
                         }

                     }
                 }

                 //Return control of Excel to the user.
                 Parameters = new Object[];
                 Parameters[] = true;
                 objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Visible", BindingFlags.SetProperty,
                 null, objApp_Late, Parameters);
                 objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("UserControl", BindingFlags.SetProperty,
                 null, objApp_Late, Parameters);
             }
             catch (Exception theException)
             {
                 String errorMessage;
                 errorMessage = "Error: ";
                 errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, theException.Message);
                 errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, " Line: ");
                 errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, theException.Source);

                 MessageBox.Show(errorMessage, "Error");
             }
         }

导出

System.Type ExcelType = System.Type.GetTypeFromProgID("Excel.Application");
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application obj = Activator.CreateInstance(ExcelType) as Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application;