我们来看两个接口:

public interface IActionFilter
{
// Methods
void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext);
void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext);
}

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

public interface IResultFilter
{
// Methods
void OnResultExecuted(ResultExecutedContext filterContext);
void OnResultExecuting(ResultExecutingContext filterContext);
}

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }这两个接口都有两个方法,分别表示视图加载前,视图加载后执行的方法。

ViewResult执行前,执行后的执行的方法。

我们自定义一个过滤器

public class DemoFilter:ActionFilterAttribute
{
public string Message { get; set; }
public override void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext)
{ //在Action执行之后执行 输出到输出流中文字:After Action execute xxx
filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write(@"<br />After Action execute" + "\t " + Message);
base.OnActionExecuted(filterContext);
} public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
{
filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write(@"<br />Before Action execute"+"\t "+ Message);
base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext);
} public override void OnResultExecuted(ResultExecutedContext filterContext)
{ //在Result执行之后
filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write(@"<br />After ViewResult execute" + "\t " + Message);
base.OnResultExecuted(filterContext);
} public override void OnResultExecuting(ResultExecutingContext filterContext)
{ //在Result执行之前
filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write(@"<br />Before ViewResult execute" + "\t " + Message);
base.OnResultExecuting(filterContext);
}

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }我们看看ActionFilterAttribute他为什么能重写这几个方法了:

public abstract class ActionFilterAttribute : FilterAttribute, IActionFilter, IResultFilter
{
// Methods
protected ActionFilterAttribute();
public virtual void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext);
public virtual void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext);
public virtual void OnResultExecuted(ResultExecutedContext filterContext);
public virtual void OnResultExecuting(ResultExecutingContext filterContext);
}

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }原来他实现了IActionFilter, IResultFilter 两个接口

我们来创建一个控制器,index方法,并且打上过滤标签

   [DemoFilter]
public ActionResult Index()
{
this.ControllerContext.HttpContext.Response.Write(@"<br />Action execute");
return Content("<br/>Result Excut! ");
}

我们执行这个视图,视图结果为:

先执行视图操作过滤,再执行ViewResult的过滤

当然我们也可以将这个过滤标签打在Controller上面,这样控制器下面的每个视图都会执行这个过滤操作

  [DemoFilter]
public class HomeController : Controller

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }
.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

假如我们想让这个过滤执行两次了,即在控制器上面执行一次,然后在视图上面在执行一次,你会说,我在控制器上面打上一个过滤标签,在视图上面再打一个过滤标签不就行了,但是结果还是执行一次,解决这个,我们知需要加上这句话:

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.All, AllowMultiple = true)]

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }这样代码:

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.All, AllowMultiple = true)]
public class DemoFilter : ActionFilterAttribute

这样我们分别在homecontroller和视图index上面打上标签

[DemoFilter]
public class HomeController : Controller
{
[DemoFilter]
public ActionResult Index()
{
this.ControllerContext.HttpContext.Response.Write(@"<br />Action execute");
return Content("<br/>Result Excut! "); }
}
会发现会执行两次:
 

 

我们有时候发现,这样一个个的写太麻烦了,想做一个全局过滤

我们只需要在Application_Start()添加一个全局过滤

  GlobalFilters.Filters.Add(new DemoFilter() { Message = "Gloable" });

这样Application_Start()代码为:

 protected void Application_Start()
{
AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
GlobalFilters.Filters.Add(new DemoFilter() { Message = "Gloable" });
RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
}

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

我们所有的控制器和视图都不加过滤标签,但是依旧执行了过滤。

 

标签过滤:

比如有时候我们需要判断是ajax请求或者别的请求等我们可以自己加上一个标签

标签定义为:

public class AjaxRequest:Attribute
{
}

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

public abstract class ActionFilterAttribute : FilterAttribute, IActionFilter, IResultFilter

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }
.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

ActionFilterAttribute继承FilterAttribute,而FilterAttribute的父类是Attribute

public abstract class FilterAttribute : Attribute, IMvcFilter

我们在DemoFilter的OnActionExecuting里面判断

        public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
{
if (filterContext.ActionDescriptor.IsDefined(typeof(AjaxRequest), false))
{
filterContext.Result = new ContentResult() { Content = "<br>直接跳过Action方法" };
}
filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("不执行Action里面的方法");
base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext);
}

我们在home控制器的index方法前面打上 [AjaxRequest]标签

 [AjaxRequest]
public ActionResult Index()
{
this.ControllerContext.HttpContext.Response.Write(@"<br />Action execute");
return View();
}

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }再运行我们发现结果为:

和前面的比较

不再执行action方法和onActionExcuted,但是会执行Result过滤器和生成视图
.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

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