Mybatis 系列5

【Mybatis 系列10-结合源码解析mybatis 执行流程】

【Mybatis 系列9-强大的动态sql 语句】

【Mybatis 系列8-结合源码解析select、resultMap的用法】

【Mybatis 系列7-结合源码解析核心CRUD配置及用法】

【Mybatis 系列6-结合源码解析节点配置objectFactory、databaseIdProvider、plugins、mappers】

【Mybatis 系列5-结合源码解析TypeHandler】

【Mybatis 系列4-结合源码解析节点typeAliases】

【Mybatis 系列3-结合源码解析properties节点和environments节点】

【Mybatis 系列2-配置文件】

【Mybatis 系列1-环境搭建】

上篇系列4中 为大家介绍了mybatis中别名的使用，以及其源码。本篇将为大家介绍TypeHandler， 并简单分析其源码。

Mybatis中的TypeHandler是什么？

无论是 MyBatis 在预处理语句（PreparedStatement）中设置一个参数时，还是从结果集中取出一个值时，都会用类型处理器将获取的值以合适的方式转换成 Java 类型。Mybatis默认为我们实现了许多TypeHandler, 当我们没有配置指定TypeHandler时，Mybatis会根据参数或者返回结果的不同，默认为我们选择合适的TypeHandler处理。

那么，Mybatis为我们实现了哪些TypeHandler呢? 我们怎么自定义实现一个TypeHandler ?

这些都会在接下来的mybatis的源码中看到。

在看源码之前，先看看怎么配置吧？

配置TypeHandler:

 <configuration>
     <typeHandlers>
       <!--
           当配置package的时候，mybatis会去配置的package扫描TypeHandler
           <package name="com.dy.demo"/>
        -->

       <!-- handler属性直接配置我们要指定的TypeHandler -->
       <typeHandler handler=""/>

       <!-- javaType 配置java类型，例如String, 如果配上javaType, 那么指定的typeHandler就只作用于指定的类型 -->
       <typeHandler javaType="" handler=""/>

       <!-- jdbcType 配置数据库基本数据类型，例如varchar, 如果配上jdbcType, 那么指定的typeHandler就只作用于指定的类型  -->
       <typeHandler jdbcType="" handler=""/>

       <!-- 也可两者都配置 -->
       <typeHandler javaType="" jdbcType="" handler=""/>

   </typeHandlers>

   ......

 </configuration>

上面简单介绍了一下TypeHandler, 下面就看看mybatis中TypeHandler的源码了。

=我是源码分割线==

老规矩，先从对xml的解析讲起：

 /**
  * 解析typeHandlers节点
  */
 private void typeHandlerElement(XNode parent) throws Exception {
     if (parent != null) {
       for (XNode child : parent.getChildren()) {
         //子节点为package时，获取其name属性的值，然后自动扫描package下的自定义typeHandler
         if ("package".equals(child.getName())) {
           String typeHandlerPackage = child.getStringAttribute("name");
           typeHandlerRegistry.register(typeHandlerPackage);
         } else {
           //子节点为typeHandler时， 可以指定javaType属性， 也可以指定jdbcType, 也可两者都指定
           //javaType 是指定java类型
           //jdbcType 是指定jdbc类型（数据库类型： 如varchar）
           String javaTypeName = child.getStringAttribute("javaType");
           String jdbcTypeName = child.getStringAttribute("jdbcType");
           //handler就是我们配置的typeHandler
           String handlerTypeName = child.getStringAttribute("handler");
           //resolveClass方法就是我们上篇文章所讲的TypeAliasRegistry里面处理别名的方法
           Class<?> javaTypeClass = resolveClass(javaTypeName);
           //JdbcType是一个枚举类型，resolveJdbcType方法是在获取枚举类型的值
           JdbcType jdbcType = resolveJdbcType(jdbcTypeName);
           Class<?> typeHandlerClass = resolveClass(handlerTypeName);
           //注册typeHandler, typeHandler通过TypeHandlerRegistry这个类管理
           if (javaTypeClass != null) {
             if (jdbcType == null) {
               typeHandlerRegistry.register(javaTypeClass, typeHandlerClass);
             } else {
               typeHandlerRegistry.register(javaTypeClass, jdbcType, typeHandlerClass);
             }
           } else {
             typeHandlerRegistry.register(typeHandlerClass);
           }
         }
       }
     }
 }

接下来看看TypeHandler的管理注册类：

TypeHandlerRegistry：

 /**
  * typeHandler注册管理类
  */
 public final class TypeHandlerRegistry {

   //源码一上来，二话不说，几个大大的HashMap就出现，这不又跟上次讲的typeAliases的注册类似么

   //基本数据类型与其包装类
   private static final Map<Class<?>, Class<?>> reversePrimitiveMap = new HashMap<Class<?>, Class<?>>() {
     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
     {
       put(Byte.class, byte.class);
       put(Short.class, short.class);
       put(Integer.class, int.class);
       put(Long.class, long.class);
       put(Float.class, float.class);
       put(Double.class, double.class);
       put(Boolean.class, boolean.class);
       put(Character.class, char.class);
     }
   };

   //这几个MAP不用说就知道存的是什么东西吧，命名的好处
   private final Map<JdbcType, TypeHandler<?>> JDBC_TYPE_HANDLER_MAP = new EnumMap<JdbcType, TypeHandler<?>>(JdbcType.class);
   private final Map<Type, Map<JdbcType, TypeHandler<?>>> TYPE_HANDLER_MAP = new HashMap<Type, Map<JdbcType, TypeHandler<?>>>();
   private final TypeHandler<Object> UNKNOWN_TYPE_HANDLER = new UnknownTypeHandler(this);
   private final Map<Class<?>, TypeHandler<?>> ALL_TYPE_HANDLERS_MAP = new HashMap<Class<?>, TypeHandler<?>>();

   //就像上篇文章讲的typeAliases一样，mybatis也默认给我们注册了不少的typeHandler
   //具体如下
   public TypeHandlerRegistry() {
     register(Boolean.class, new BooleanTypeHandler());
     register(boolean.class, new BooleanTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.BOOLEAN, new BooleanTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.BIT, new BooleanTypeHandler());

     register(Byte.class, new ByteTypeHandler());
     register(byte.class, new ByteTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.TINYINT, new ByteTypeHandler());

     register(Short.class, new ShortTypeHandler());
     register(short.class, new ShortTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.SMALLINT, new ShortTypeHandler());

     register(Integer.class, new IntegerTypeHandler());
     register(int.class, new IntegerTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.INTEGER, new IntegerTypeHandler());

     register(Long.class, new LongTypeHandler());
     register(long.class, new LongTypeHandler());

     register(Float.class, new FloatTypeHandler());
     register(float.class, new FloatTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.FLOAT, new FloatTypeHandler());

     register(Double.class, new DoubleTypeHandler());
     register(double.class, new DoubleTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.DOUBLE, new DoubleTypeHandler());

     register(String.class, new StringTypeHandler());
     register(String.class, JdbcType.CHAR, new StringTypeHandler());
     register(String.class, JdbcType.CLOB, new ClobTypeHandler());
     register(String.class, JdbcType.VARCHAR, new StringTypeHandler());
     register(String.class, JdbcType.LONGVARCHAR, new ClobTypeHandler());
     register(String.class, JdbcType.NVARCHAR, new NStringTypeHandler());
     register(String.class, JdbcType.NCHAR, new NStringTypeHandler());
     register(String.class, JdbcType.NCLOB, new NClobTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.CHAR, new StringTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.VARCHAR, new StringTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.CLOB, new ClobTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.LONGVARCHAR, new ClobTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.NVARCHAR, new NStringTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.NCHAR, new NStringTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.NCLOB, new NClobTypeHandler());

     register(Object.class, JdbcType.ARRAY, new ArrayTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.ARRAY, new ArrayTypeHandler());

     register(BigInteger.class, new BigIntegerTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.BIGINT, new LongTypeHandler());

     register(BigDecimal.class, new BigDecimalTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.REAL, new BigDecimalTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.DECIMAL, new BigDecimalTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.NUMERIC, new BigDecimalTypeHandler());

     register(Byte[].class, new ByteObjectArrayTypeHandler());
     register(Byte[].class, JdbcType.BLOB, new BlobByteObjectArrayTypeHandler());
     register(Byte[].class, JdbcType.LONGVARBINARY, new BlobByteObjectArrayTypeHandler());
     register(byte[].class, new ByteArrayTypeHandler());
     register(byte[].class, JdbcType.BLOB, new BlobTypeHandler());
     register(byte[].class, JdbcType.LONGVARBINARY, new BlobTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.LONGVARBINARY, new BlobTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.BLOB, new BlobTypeHandler());

     register(Object.class, UNKNOWN_TYPE_HANDLER);
     register(Object.class, JdbcType.OTHER, UNKNOWN_TYPE_HANDLER);
     register(JdbcType.OTHER, UNKNOWN_TYPE_HANDLER);

     register(Date.class, new DateTypeHandler());
     register(Date.class, JdbcType.DATE, new DateOnlyTypeHandler());
     register(Date.class, JdbcType.TIME, new TimeOnlyTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.TIMESTAMP, new DateTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.DATE, new DateOnlyTypeHandler());
     register(JdbcType.TIME, new TimeOnlyTypeHandler());

     register(java.sql.Date.class, new SqlDateTypeHandler());
     register(java.sql.Time.class, new SqlTimeTypeHandler());
     register(java.sql.Timestamp.class, new SqlTimestampTypeHandler());

     // issue #273
     register(Character.class, new CharacterTypeHandler());
     register(char.class, new CharacterTypeHandler());
   }

   public boolean hasTypeHandler(Class<?> javaType) {
     return hasTypeHandler(javaType, null);
   }

   public boolean hasTypeHandler(TypeReference<?> javaTypeReference) {
     return hasTypeHandler(javaTypeReference, null);
   }

   public boolean hasTypeHandler(Class<?> javaType, JdbcType jdbcType) {
     return javaType != null && getTypeHandler((Type) javaType, jdbcType) != null;
   }

   public boolean hasTypeHandler(TypeReference<?> javaTypeReference, JdbcType jdbcType) {
     return javaTypeReference != null && getTypeHandler(javaTypeReference, jdbcType) != null;
   }

   public TypeHandler<?> getMappingTypeHandler(Class<? extends TypeHandler<?>> handlerType) {
     return ALL_TYPE_HANDLERS_MAP.get(handlerType);
   }

   public <T> TypeHandler<T> getTypeHandler(Class<T> type) {
     return getTypeHandler((Type) type, null);
   }

   public <T> TypeHandler<T> getTypeHandler(TypeReference<T> javaTypeReference) {
     return getTypeHandler(javaTypeReference, null);
   }

   public TypeHandler<?> getTypeHandler(JdbcType jdbcType) {
     return JDBC_TYPE_HANDLER_MAP.get(jdbcType);
   }

   public <T> TypeHandler<T> getTypeHandler(Class<T> type, JdbcType jdbcType) {
     return getTypeHandler((Type) type, jdbcType);
   }

   public <T> TypeHandler<T> getTypeHandler(TypeReference<T> javaTypeReference, JdbcType jdbcType) {
     return getTypeHandler(javaTypeReference.getRawType(), jdbcType);
   }

   private <T> TypeHandler<T> getTypeHandler(Type type, JdbcType jdbcType) {
     Map<JdbcType, TypeHandler<?>> jdbcHandlerMap = TYPE_HANDLER_MAP.get(type);
     TypeHandler<?> handler = null;
     if (jdbcHandlerMap != null) {
       handler = jdbcHandlerMap.get(jdbcType);
       if (handler == null) {
         handler = jdbcHandlerMap.get(null);
       }
     }
     if (handler == null && type != null && type instanceof Class && Enum.class.isAssignableFrom((Class<?>) type)) {
       handler = new EnumTypeHandler((Class<?>) type);
     }
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     // type drives generics here
     TypeHandler<T> returned = (TypeHandler<T>) handler;
     return returned;
   }

   public TypeHandler<Object> getUnknownTypeHandler() {
     return UNKNOWN_TYPE_HANDLER;
   }

   public void register(JdbcType jdbcType, TypeHandler<?> handler) {
     JDBC_TYPE_HANDLER_MAP.put(jdbcType, handler);
   }

   //
   // REGISTER INSTANCE
   //

   /**
    * 只配置了typeHandler, 没有配置jdbcType 或者javaType
    */
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   public <T> void register(TypeHandler<T> typeHandler) {
     boolean mappedTypeFound = false;
     //在自定义typeHandler的时候，可以加上注解MappedTypes 去指定关联的javaType
     //因此，此处需要扫描MappedTypes注解
     MappedTypes mappedTypes = typeHandler.getClass().getAnnotation(MappedTypes.class);
     if (mappedTypes != null) {
       for (Class<?> handledType : mappedTypes.value()) {
         register(handledType, typeHandler);
         mappedTypeFound = true;
       }
     }
     // @since 3.1.0 - try to auto-discover the mapped type
     if (!mappedTypeFound && typeHandler instanceof TypeReference) {
       try {
         TypeReference<T> typeReference = (TypeReference<T>) typeHandler;
         register(typeReference.getRawType(), typeHandler);
         mappedTypeFound = true;
       } catch (Throwable t) {
         // maybe users define the TypeReference with a different type and are not assignable, so just ignore it
       }
     }
     if (!mappedTypeFound) {
       register((Class<T>) null, typeHandler);
     }
   }

   /**
    * 配置了typeHandlerhe和javaType
    */
   public <T> void register(Class<T> javaType, TypeHandler<? extends T> typeHandler) {
     register((Type) javaType, typeHandler);
   }

   private <T> void register(Type javaType, TypeHandler<? extends T> typeHandler) {
     //扫描注解MappedJdbcTypes
     MappedJdbcTypes mappedJdbcTypes = typeHandler.getClass().getAnnotation(MappedJdbcTypes.class);
     if (mappedJdbcTypes != null) {
       for (JdbcType handledJdbcType : mappedJdbcTypes.value()) {
         register(javaType, handledJdbcType, typeHandler);
       }
       if (mappedJdbcTypes.includeNullJdbcType()) {
         register(javaType, null, typeHandler);
       }
     } else {
       register(javaType, null, typeHandler);
     }
   }

   public <T> void register(TypeReference<T> javaTypeReference, TypeHandler<? extends T> handler) {
     register(javaTypeReference.getRawType(), handler);
   }

   /**
    * typeHandlerhe、javaType、jdbcType都配置了
    */
   public <T> void register(Class<T> type, JdbcType jdbcType, TypeHandler<? extends T> handler) {
     register((Type) type, jdbcType, handler);
   }

   /**
    * 注册typeHandler的核心方法
    * 就是向Map新增数据而已
    */
   private void register(Type javaType, JdbcType jdbcType, TypeHandler<?> handler) {
     if (javaType != null) {
       Map<JdbcType, TypeHandler<?>> map = TYPE_HANDLER_MAP.get(javaType);
       if (map == null) {
         map = new HashMap<JdbcType, TypeHandler<?>>();
         TYPE_HANDLER_MAP.put(javaType, map);
       }
       map.put(jdbcType, handler);
       if (reversePrimitiveMap.containsKey(javaType)) {
         register(reversePrimitiveMap.get(javaType), jdbcType, handler);
       }
     }
     ALL_TYPE_HANDLERS_MAP.put(handler.getClass(), handler);
   }

   //
   // REGISTER CLASS
   //

   // Only handler type

   public void register(Class<?> typeHandlerClass) {
     boolean mappedTypeFound = false;
     MappedTypes mappedTypes = typeHandlerClass.getAnnotation(MappedTypes.class);
     if (mappedTypes != null) {
       for (Class<?> javaTypeClass : mappedTypes.value()) {
         register(javaTypeClass, typeHandlerClass);
         mappedTypeFound = true;
       }
     }
     if (!mappedTypeFound) {
       register(getInstance(null, typeHandlerClass));
     }
   }

   // java type + handler type

   public void register(Class<?> javaTypeClass, Class<?> typeHandlerClass) {
     register(javaTypeClass, getInstance(javaTypeClass, typeHandlerClass));
   }

   // java type + jdbc type + handler type

   public void register(Class<?> javaTypeClass, JdbcType jdbcType, Class<?> typeHandlerClass) {
     register(javaTypeClass, jdbcType, getInstance(javaTypeClass, typeHandlerClass));
   }

   // Construct a handler (used also from Builders)

   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   public <T> TypeHandler<T> getInstance(Class<?> javaTypeClass, Class<?> typeHandlerClass) {
     if (javaTypeClass != null) {
       try {
         Constructor<?> c = typeHandlerClass.getConstructor(Class.class);
         return (TypeHandler<T>) c.newInstance(javaTypeClass);
       } catch (NoSuchMethodException ignored) {
         // ignored
       } catch (Exception e) {
         throw new TypeException("Failed invoking constructor for handler " + typeHandlerClass, e);
       }
     }
     try {
       Constructor<?> c = typeHandlerClass.getConstructor();
       return (TypeHandler<T>) c.newInstance();
     } catch (Exception e) {
       throw new TypeException("Unable to find a usable constructor for " + typeHandlerClass, e);
     }
   }

   /**
    * 根据指定的pacakge去扫描自定义的typeHander，然后注册
    */
   public void register(String packageName) {
     ResolverUtil<Class<?>> resolverUtil = new ResolverUtil<Class<?>>();
     resolverUtil.find(new ResolverUtil.IsA(TypeHandler.class), packageName);
     Set<Class<? extends Class<?>>> handlerSet = resolverUtil.getClasses();
     for (Class<?> type : handlerSet) {
       //Ignore inner classes and interfaces (including package-info.java) and abstract classes
       if (!type.isAnonymousClass() && !type.isInterface() && !Modifier.isAbstract(type.getModifiers())) {
         register(type);
       }
     }
   }

   // get information

   /**
    * 通过configuration对象可以获取已注册的所有typeHandler
    */
   public Collection<TypeHandler<?>> getTypeHandlers() {
     return Collections.unmodifiableCollection(ALL_TYPE_HANDLERS_MAP.values());
   }

 }

由源码可以看到， mybatis为我们实现了那么多TypeHandler, 随便打开一个TypeHandler，看其源码，都可以看到，它继承自一个抽象类：BaseTypeHandler，

那么我们是不是也能通过继承BaseTypeHandler，从而实现自定义的TypeHandler ?

答案是肯定的

那么现在下面就为大家演示一下自定义TypeHandler:

=自定义TypeHandler分割线========

ExampleTypeHandler:

 @MappedJdbcTypes(JdbcType.VARCHAR)
 //此处如果不用注解指定jdbcType, 那么，就可以在配置文件中通过"jdbcType"属性指定， 同理， javaType 也可通过 @MappedTypes指定
 public class ExampleTypeHandler extends BaseTypeHandler<String> {

   @Override
   public void setNonNullParameter(PreparedStatement ps, int i, String parameter, JdbcType jdbcType) throws SQLException {
     ps.setString(i, parameter);
   }

   @Override
   public String getNullableResult(ResultSet rs, String columnName) throws SQLException {
     return rs.getString(columnName);
   }

   @Override
   public String getNullableResult(ResultSet rs, int columnIndex) throws SQLException {
     return rs.getString(columnIndex);
   }

   @Override
   public String getNullableResult(CallableStatement cs, int columnIndex) throws SQLException {
     return cs.getString(columnIndex);
   }
 }

然后，就该配置我们的自定义TypeHandler了：

 <configuration>
   <typeHandlers>
       <!-- 由于自定义的TypeHandler在定义时已经通过注解指定了jdbcType, 所以此处不用再配置jdbcType -->
       <typeHandler handler="ExampleTypeHandler"/>
   </typeHandlers>

   ......

 </configuration>

也就是说，我们在自定义TypeHandler的时候，可以在TypeHandler通过@MappedJdbcTypes指定jdbcType, 通过 @MappedTypes 指定javaType, 如果没有使用注解指定，那么我们就需要在配置文件中配置。

预知后事如何，请听下回分解。