iOS - Quartz 2D 画板绘制
1、绘制画板
1.1 绘制简单画板
PaintBoardView.h
@interface PaintBoardView : UIView @end
PaintBoardView.m
@interface PaintBoardView () /// 路径
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIBezierPath *path; /// 保存所有路径的数组
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray *pathsArrayM; @end @implementation PaintBoardView /// 初始化
- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame { if (self = [super initWithFrame:frame]) {
self.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
}
return self;
} /// 触摸开始
- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(nullable UIEvent *)event { // 获取触摸起始点位置
CGPoint startPoint = [touches.anyObject locationInView:self]; // 添加路径描绘起始点
[self.path moveToPoint:startPoint]; // 添加一条触摸路径描绘
[self.pathsArrayM addObject:self.path];
} /// 触摸移动
- (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(nullable UIEvent *)event { // 获取触摸点位置
CGPoint touchPoint = [touches.anyObject locationInView:self]; // 添加路径描绘
[self.path addLineToPoint:touchPoint]; // 刷新视图
[self setNeedsDisplay];
} /// 触摸结束
- (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(nullable UIEvent *)event { // 获取绘制结果
UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(self.bounds.size, NO, 0);
CGContextRef ctx = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
[self.layer renderInContext:ctx];
UIImage *image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
UIGraphicsEndImageContext(); NSData *data = UIImagePNGRepresentation(image);
[data writeToFile:@"/Users/JHQ0228/Desktop/Images/pic.png" atomically:YES];
} /// 触摸取消
- (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(nullable UIEvent *)event {
[self touchesEnded:touches withEvent:event];
} /// 绘制图形
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect { for (UIBezierPath *path in self.pathsArrayM) { // 绘制路径
[path stroke];
}
} /// 懒加载 - (UIBezierPath *)path { if (_path == nil) {
_path = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
}
return _path;
} - (NSMutableArray *)pathsArrayM { if (_pathsArrayM == nil) {
_pathsArrayM = [NSMutableArray array];
}
return _pathsArrayM;
} @end
ViewController.m
// 创建画板
CGRect frame = CGRectMake(20, 50, self.view.bounds.size.width - 40, 200);
PaintBoardView *paintBoard = [[PaintBoardView alloc] initWithFrame:frame]; [self.view addSubview:paintBoard];
效果
1.2 绘制画板封装
具体实现代码见 GitHub 源码 QExtension
QPaintBoardPath.h
@interface QPaintBoardPath : UIBezierPath /// 线的颜色
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIColor *pathColor; /// 线的宽度
@property (nonatomic, assign) CGFloat pathWidth; @end
QPaintBoardPath.m
@implementation QPaintBoardPath @end
QPaintBoardView.h
@interface QPaintBoardView : UIView /// 画线的宽度，default is 1，max is 30
@property (nonatomic, assign) CGFloat paintLineWidth; /// 画笔的颜色，default is blackColor
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIColor *paintLineColor; /// 画板的颜色，default is whiteColor
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIColor *paintBoardColor; /**
* 创建画板视图控件，获取绘画结果
*
* @param frame 画板视图控件 frame
* @param lineWidth 画笔的线宽，default is 1，max is 30
* @param lineColor 画笔的颜色，default is blackColor
* @param boardColor 画板的颜色，default is whiteColor
* @param result 绘画结果
*
* @return 手势锁视图控件
*/
+ (instancetype)q_paintBoardViewWithFrame:(CGRect)frame
lineWidth:(CGFloat)lineWidth
lineColor:(nullable UIColor *)lineColor
boardColor:(nullable UIColor *)boardColor
paintResult:(void (^)(UIImage * _Nullable image))result; /**
* 创建简单画板视图控件
*
* @param frame 画板视图控件 frame
*
* @return 手势锁视图控件
*/
+ (instancetype)q_paintBoardViewWithFrame:(CGRect)frame; /**
* 获取绘画结果
*
* @return 绘画结果图片
*/
- (UIImage * _Nullable)q_getPaintImage; /**
* 清除绘画结果
*/
- (void)q_clear; /**
* 撤销绘画结果
*/
- (void)q_back; @end
QPaintBoardView.m
#import "QPaintBoardPath.h" @interface QPaintBoardView () /// 路径
@property (nonatomic, strong, nullable) QPaintBoardPath *path; /// 保存所有路径的数组
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray *pathsArrayM; /// 绘画结果
@property (nonatomic, copy) void (^resultBlock)(UIImage * _Nullable); /// 按钮工具条
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIView *toolView; /// 画笔设置视图
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIView *brushSetingView; /// 颜色选择视图
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIScrollView *colorSelectedView; /// 画板设置视图
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIScrollView *boardSetingView; /// 记录线的颜色
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIColor *lastPaintLineColor; /// 记录线的宽度
@property (nonatomic, assign) CGFloat lastPaintLineWidth; @end @implementation QPaintBoardView #pragma mark - 创建画板 /// 创建画板视图控件，获取绘画结果
+ (instancetype)q_paintBoardViewWithFrame:(CGRect)frame
lineWidth:(CGFloat)lineWidth
lineColor:(nullable UIColor *)lineColor
boardColor:(nullable UIColor *)boardColor
paintResult:(void (^)(UIImage * _Nullable image))result { QPaintBoardView *paintBoardView = [[self alloc] init]; // CGRect tmpFrame = frame;
// tmpFrame.size.height = frame.size.height + 44; paintBoardView.frame = frame;
paintBoardView.paintLineWidth = (lineWidth > 30 ? 30 : lineWidth) ? : 1;
paintBoardView.paintLineColor = lineColor ? : [UIColor blackColor];
paintBoardView.paintBoardColor = boardColor ? : [UIColor whiteColor];
paintBoardView.resultBlock = result; return paintBoardView;
} /// 创建简单画板视图控件
+ (instancetype)q_paintBoardViewWithFrame:(CGRect)frame { QPaintBoardView *paintBoardView = [[self alloc] initWithFrame:frame]; paintBoardView.paintLineWidth = 1;
paintBoardView.paintLineColor = [UIColor blackColor];
paintBoardView.paintBoardColor = [UIColor whiteColor]; return paintBoardView;
} #pragma mark - 自定义画板 /// 初始化，自定义画板界面
- (instancetype)init { if (self = [super init]) { self.clipsToBounds = YES; // 添加工具按钮视图 self.toolView = [[UIView alloc] init];
self.toolView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
[self addSubview:self.toolView]; NSArray *imageNames = @[@"btn_brush", @"btn_board", @"btn_eraser", @"btn_back", @"btn_clear", @"btn_save"];
NSArray *selectedImageNames = @[@"btn_brush_pressed", @"btn_board_pressed", @"btn_eraser_pressed"]; for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < 6; i++) { UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
button.tag = i;
[button setBackgroundImage:[self q_getBundleImageWithName:imageNames[i]] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[button addTarget:self action:@selector(toolButtonClick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[self.toolView addSubview:button]; if (i < 3) {
[button setBackgroundImage:[self q_getBundleImageWithName:selectedImageNames[i]] forState:UIControlStateSelected];
}
} // 添加画笔设置视图 self.brushSetingView = [[UIView alloc] init];
self.brushSetingView.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
[self addSubview:self.brushSetingView];
[self sendSubviewToBack:self.brushSetingView]; UIView *widthBackView = [[UIView alloc] init];
widthBackView.layer.borderWidth = 1;
widthBackView.layer.borderColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor].CGColor;
UIView *widthView = [[UIView alloc] init];
[widthBackView addSubview:widthView];
[self.brushSetingView addSubview:widthBackView]; UISlider *widthSlider = [[UISlider alloc] init];
widthSlider.thumbTintColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
[widthSlider addTarget:self action:@selector(widthSliderClick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventValueChanged];
[self.brushSetingView addSubview:widthSlider]; UIButton *colorSelectedBtn = [[UIButton alloc] init];
colorSelectedBtn.layer.borderWidth = 1;
colorSelectedBtn.layer.borderColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor].CGColor;
[colorSelectedBtn addTarget:self action:@selector(colorSelectedBtnClick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[self.brushSetingView addSubview:colorSelectedBtn]; // 添加画笔颜色选择视图 self.colorSelectedView = [[UIScrollView alloc] init];
self.colorSelectedView.backgroundColor = [[UIColor grayColor] colorWithAlphaComponent:0.3];
self.colorSelectedView.showsHorizontalScrollIndicator = NO;
[self addSubview:self.colorSelectedView];
[self sendSubviewToBack:self.colorSelectedView]; NSArray *colorArray = @[[UIColor blackColor], [UIColor whiteColor], [UIColor redColor],
[UIColor greenColor], [UIColor blueColor], [UIColor cyanColor],
[UIColor magentaColor], [UIColor orangeColor], [UIColor yellowColor],
[UIColor darkGrayColor], [UIColor lightGrayColor], [UIColor brownColor],
[UIColor grayColor], [UIColor purpleColor]]; for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < 14; i++) {
UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
button.layer.borderWidth = 1;
button.layer.borderColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor].CGColor;
[button setBackgroundColor:colorArray[i]];
[button addTarget:self action:@selector(colorSelectedClick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[self.colorSelectedView addSubview:button];
} // 添加画板设置视图 self.boardSetingView = [[UIScrollView alloc] init];
self.boardSetingView.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
self.boardSetingView.showsHorizontalScrollIndicator = NO;
[self addSubview:self.boardSetingView];
[self sendSubviewToBack:self.boardSetingView]; for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < 14; i++) {
UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
button.layer.borderWidth = 1;
button.layer.borderColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor].CGColor;
[button setBackgroundColor:colorArray[i]];
[button addTarget:self action:@selector(boardColorSelectedClick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[self.boardSetingView addSubview:button];
}
}
return self;
} /// 布局子控件
- (void)layoutSubviews {
[super layoutSubviews]; if (self.subviews.count) { // 设置工具按钮视图 self.toolView.frame = CGRectMake(0, self.bounds.size.height - 44, self.bounds.size.width, 44); for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
CGFloat margin = (self.bounds.size.width - 44 * 6) / 7;
CGFloat x = margin + (margin + 44) * i;
self.toolView.subviews[i].frame = CGRectMake(x, 0, 44, 44);
} // 设置画笔设置视图 self.brushSetingView.frame = CGRectMake(0, self.bounds.size.height - 44, self.bounds.size.width, 60); self.brushSetingView.subviews[0].frame = CGRectMake(15, 15, 30, 30);
self.brushSetingView.subviews[0].layer.cornerRadius = 15;
self.brushSetingView.subviews[0].layer.masksToBounds = YES; CGFloat w = self.paintLineWidth;
self.brushSetingView.subviews[0].subviews[0].frame = CGRectMake(15 - w / 2, 15 - w / 2, w, w);
self.brushSetingView.subviews[0].subviews[0].layer.cornerRadius = w / 2;
self.brushSetingView.subviews[0].subviews[0].layer.masksToBounds = YES;
self.brushSetingView.subviews[0].subviews[0].backgroundColor = self.paintLineColor; self.brushSetingView.subviews[1].frame = CGRectMake(60, 15, self.bounds.size.width - 60 - 80, 32);
UISlider *slider = self.brushSetingView.subviews[1];
slider.value = self.paintLineWidth / 30; self.brushSetingView.subviews[2].frame = CGRectMake(self.bounds.size.width - 60, 15, 50, 30);
self.brushSetingView.subviews[2].backgroundColor = self.paintLineColor; // 设置画笔颜色选择视图 self.colorSelectedView.frame = CGRectMake(0, self.bounds.size.height - 44, self.bounds.size.width, 60);
self.colorSelectedView.contentSize = CGSizeMake(14 * (50 + 20) + 20, 50); for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < 14; i++) {
CGFloat x = 20 + (20 + 50) * i;
self.colorSelectedView.subviews[i].frame = CGRectMake(x, 10, 50, 40);
} // 设置画板设置视图 self.boardSetingView.frame = CGRectMake(0, self.bounds.size.height - 44, self.bounds.size.width, 60);
self.boardSetingView.contentSize = CGSizeMake(14 * (50 + 20) + 20, 50); for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < 14; i++) {
CGFloat x = 20 + (20 + 50) * i;
self.boardSetingView.subviews[i].frame = CGRectMake(x, 10, 50, 40);
}
}
} /// 工具按钮点击事件处理
- (void)toolButtonClick:(UIButton *)btn { switch (btn.tag) { case 0: {
// 画笔设置 [self exitEraseState]; if (btn.isSelected == NO) { [self hideBoardSetingView]; [self showColorSelectedView];
[self showBrushSetingView]; } else { [self hideColorSelectedView];
[self hideBrushSetingView];
}
break;
} case 1: {
// 画板设置 [self exitEraseState]; if (btn.isSelected == NO) { [self hideColorSelectedView];
[self hideBrushSetingView]; [self showBoardSetingView]; } else { [self hideBoardSetingView];
}
break;
} case 2: {
// 擦除 [self hideBoardSetingView]; [self hideColorSelectedView];
[self hideBrushSetingView]; if (btn.selected == NO) { [self enterEraseState]; } else {
[self exitEraseState];
}
break;
} case 3: {
// 撤销 [self hideBoardSetingView]; [self hideColorSelectedView];
[self hideBrushSetingView]; [self q_back]; break;
} case 4: {
// 清除 [self hideBoardSetingView]; [self hideColorSelectedView];
[self hideBrushSetingView]; [self exitEraseState]; [self q_clear]; break;
} case 5: {
// 获取绘制结果 [self hideBoardSetingView]; [self hideColorSelectedView];
[self hideBrushSetingView]; [self exitEraseState]; if (self.resultBlock) {
self.resultBlock([self q_getPaintImage]);
} break;
} default:
break;
}
} /// 画笔线宽设置按钮点击事件处理
- (void)widthSliderClick:(UISlider *)slider { if (slider.value == 0) {
self.paintLineWidth = 1;
} else {
self.paintLineWidth = slider.value * 30;
} CGFloat w = self.paintLineWidth;
self.brushSetingView.subviews[0].subviews[0].frame = CGRectMake(15 - w / 2, 15 - w / 2, w, w);
self.brushSetingView.subviews[0].subviews[0].layer.cornerRadius = w / 2;
} /// 画笔颜色选择按钮点击事件处理
- (void)colorSelectedBtnClick:(UIButton *)btn { if (btn.selected == NO) {
[self showColorSelectedView];
} else {
[self hideColorSelectedView];
}
} /// 画笔颜色选择点击响应事件处理
- (void)colorSelectedClick:(UIButton *)btn { self.paintLineColor = btn.backgroundColor; self.brushSetingView.subviews[0].subviews[0].backgroundColor = btn.backgroundColor;
self.brushSetingView.subviews[2].backgroundColor = btn.backgroundColor;
} /// 画板颜色选择点击响应事件处理
- (void)boardColorSelectedClick:(UIButton *)btn { self.paintBoardColor = btn.backgroundColor;
} /// 显示画笔设置视图
- (void)showBrushSetingView { UIButton *setBrushBtn = self.toolView.subviews[0]; if (setBrushBtn.selected == NO) { setBrushBtn.selected = YES; [UIView animateWithDuration:0.2 animations:^{
CGRect frame = CGRectMake(0, self.bounds.size.height - 44 - 60, self.bounds.size.width, 60);
self.brushSetingView.frame = frame;
}];
}
} /// 隐藏画笔设置视图
- (void)hideBrushSetingView { UIButton *setBrushBtn = self.toolView.subviews[0]; if (setBrushBtn.selected) { setBrushBtn.selected = NO; [UIView animateWithDuration:0.2 animations:^{
CGRect frame = CGRectMake(0, self.bounds.size.height - 44, self.bounds.size.width, 60);
self.brushSetingView.frame = frame;
}];
}
} // 显示画笔颜色选择视图
- (void)showColorSelectedView { UIButton *colorSelectedBtn = self.brushSetingView.subviews[2]; if (colorSelectedBtn.selected == NO) { colorSelectedBtn.selected = YES; [UIView animateWithDuration:0.2 animations:^{
CGRect frame = CGRectMake(0, self.bounds.size.height - 44 - 60 - 60, self.bounds.size.width, 60);
self.colorSelectedView.frame = frame;
}];
}
} /// 隐藏画笔颜色选择视图
- (void)hideColorSelectedView { UIButton *colorSelectedBtn = self.brushSetingView.subviews[2]; if (colorSelectedBtn.selected) { colorSelectedBtn.selected = NO; [UIView animateWithDuration:0.2 animations:^{
CGRect frame = CGRectMake(0, self.bounds.size.height - 44, self.bounds.size.width, 60);
self.colorSelectedView.frame = frame;
}];
}
} /// 显示画板设置视图
- (void)showBoardSetingView { UIButton *setBoardBtn = self.toolView.subviews[1]; if (setBoardBtn.selected == NO) { setBoardBtn.selected = YES; [UIView animateWithDuration:0.2 animations:^{
CGRect frame = CGRectMake(0, self.bounds.size.height - 44 - 60, self.bounds.size.width, 60);
self.boardSetingView.frame = frame;
}];
}
} /// 隐藏画板设置视图
- (void)hideBoardSetingView { UIButton *setBoardBtn = self.toolView.subviews[1]; if (setBoardBtn.selected) { setBoardBtn.selected = NO; [UIView animateWithDuration:0.2 animations:^{
CGRect frame = CGRectMake(0, self.bounds.size.height - 44, self.bounds.size.width, 60);
self.boardSetingView.frame = frame;
}];
}
} /// 进入擦除状态
- (void)enterEraseState { UIButton *setEraseBtn = self.toolView.subviews[2]; if (setEraseBtn.selected == NO) { setEraseBtn.selected = YES; self.lastPaintLineColor = self.paintLineColor;
self.paintLineColor = self.paintBoardColor; self.lastPaintLineWidth = self.paintLineWidth;
self.paintLineWidth = self.paintLineWidth + 5;
}
} /// 退出擦除状态
- (void)exitEraseState { UIButton *setEraseBtn = self.toolView.subviews[2]; if (setEraseBtn.isSelected) { setEraseBtn.selected = NO; self.paintLineColor = self.lastPaintLineColor;
self.paintLineWidth = self.lastPaintLineWidth;
}
} #pragma mark - 绘制图案 /// 触摸开始
- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(nullable UIEvent *)event { if (self.subviews.count) { [self hideColorSelectedView];
[self hideBrushSetingView];
[self hideBoardSetingView];
} // 获取触摸起始点位置
CGPoint startPoint = [touches.anyObject locationInView:self]; // 添加路径描绘起始点
[self.path moveToPoint:startPoint]; // 记录线的属性
self.path.pathColor = self.paintLineColor;
self.path.pathWidth = self.paintLineWidth; // 添加一条触摸路径描绘
[self.pathsArrayM addObject:self.path];
} /// 触摸移动
- (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(nullable UIEvent *)event { // 获取触摸点位置
CGPoint touchPoint = [touches.anyObject locationInView:self]; // 添加路径描绘
[self.path addLineToPoint:touchPoint]; // 刷新视图
[self setNeedsDisplay];
} /// 触摸结束
- (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(nullable UIEvent *)event { // 销毁 path
self.path = nil;
} /// 触摸取消
- (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(nullable UIEvent *)event {
[self touchesEnded:touches withEvent:event];
} /// 绘制图形，只要调用 drawRect 方法就会把之前的内容全部清空
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect { for (QPaintBoardPath *path in self.pathsArrayM) { // 绘制路径
path.lineWidth = path.pathWidth;
[path.pathColor setStroke]; path.lineCapStyle = kCGLineCapRound;
path.lineJoinStyle = kCGLineJoinRound;
[path stroke];
}
} /// 获取绘画结果
- (UIImage * _Nullable)q_getPaintImage { UIImage *image = nil; CGSize boardSize = self.bounds.size; if (self.subviews.count) {
boardSize.height = self.bounds.size.height - 44;
} if (self.pathsArrayM.count) {
UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(boardSize, NO, 0);
CGContextRef ctx = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
[self.layer renderInContext:ctx];
image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
} return image;
} /// 清除绘画结果
- (void)q_clear { if (self.pathsArrayM.count) {
[self.pathsArrayM removeAllObjects]; [self setNeedsDisplay];
}
} /// 撤销绘画结果
- (void)q_back { if (self.pathsArrayM.count) {
[self.pathsArrayM removeLastObject]; [self setNeedsDisplay];
}
} /// 懒加载 - (QPaintBoardPath * _Nullable)path { // path 每次绘制完成后需要销毁，否则无法清除之前绘制的路径 if (_path == nil) {
_path = [QPaintBoardPath bezierPath];
}
return _path;
} - (NSMutableArray *)pathsArrayM { if (_pathsArrayM == nil) {
_pathsArrayM = [NSMutableArray array];
}
return _pathsArrayM;
} /// 设置属性值
- (void)setPaintBoardColor:(UIColor *)paintBoardColor {
_paintBoardColor = paintBoardColor;
self.backgroundColor = paintBoardColor;
} /// 加载 bundle 中的图片
- (UIImage *)q_getBundleImageWithName:(NSString *)name { NSString *bundlePath = [[[NSBundle mainBundle] resourcePath] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"QPaintBoardView.bundle"]; UIImage *image = [[UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:[bundlePath stringByAppendingPathComponent:name]]
imageWithRenderingMode:UIImageRenderingModeAlwaysOriginal];
return image;
} @end
1、创建简单画板
// 创建简单画板
CGRect frame = CGRectMake(20, 50, self.view.bounds.size.width - 40, 200); QPaintBoardView *paintBoardView = [QPaintBoardView q_paintBoardViewWithFrame:frame]; // 可选属性值设置
paintBoardView.paintLineWidth = 5; // default is 1
paintBoardView.paintLineColor = [UIColor redColor]; // default is blackColor
paintBoardView.paintBoardColor = [UIColor cyanColor]; // default is whiteColor [self.view addSubview:paintBoardView];
self.paintBoardView = paintBoardView; // 撤销绘画结果
[self.paintBoardView q_back]; // 清除绘画结果
[self.paintBoardView q_clear]; // 获取绘画结果
UIImage *image = [self.paintBoardView q_getPaintImage];
效果
2、创建画板
// 创建画板
QPaintBoardView *paintBoard = [QPaintBoardView q_paintBoardViewWithFrame:self.view.bounds
lineWidth:0
lineColor:nil
boardColor:nil
paintResult:^(UIImage * _Nullable image) { if (image) {
NSData *data = UIImagePNGRepresentation(image);
[data writeToFile:@"/Users/JHQ0228/Desktop/Images/pic.png" atomically:YES];
}
}]; [self.view addSubview:paintBoard];
效果
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