springMVC(五): 通过 HandlerMapping 获取 HandlerExecutionChain

请求具体过程

一、HandlerMapping

Interface to be implemented by objects that define a mapping between requests and handler objects.

    HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception;

HandlerExecutionChain(包含一个处理器 handler 如HandlerMethod 对象、多个 HandlerInterceptor 拦截器对象)

• RequestMappingHandlerMapping 的映射关系由 MappingRegistry 维护，通过多个map联结，即可找到请求对应的处理器
• RequestMappingHandlerMapping 的映射关系初始化入口是 afterProperties 方法，因为其实现了接口 InitializingBean

SpringMVC的请求处理过程中的路径匹配过程（AbstractHandlerMethodMapping#lookupHandlerMethod）

    protected HandlerMethod lookupHandlerMethod(String lookupPath, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        List<Match> matches = new ArrayList<Match>();
        List<T> directPathMatches = this.mappingRegistry.getMappingsByUrl(lookupPath);
        if (directPathMatches != null) {
            addMatchingMappings(directPathMatches, matches, request);
        }
        if (matches.isEmpty()) {
            // 如正则匹配、RESTFUL路径/list/{cityId}等，这里可以改进，No choice but to go through all mappings...
            addMatchingMappings(this.mappingRegistry.getMappings().keySet(), matches, request);
        }
 
        if (!matches.isEmpty()) {
            Comparator<Match> comparator = new MatchComparator(getMappingComparator(request));
            Collections.sort(matches, comparator);
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace("Found " + matches.size() + " matching mapping(s) for [" +
                        lookupPath + "] : " + matches);
            }
            Match bestMatch = matches.get(0);
            if (matches.size() > 1) {
                if (CorsUtils.isPreFlightRequest(request)) {
                    return PREFLIGHT_AMBIGUOUS_MATCH;
                }
                Match secondBestMatch = matches.get(1);
                if (comparator.compare(bestMatch, secondBestMatch) == 0) {
                    Method m1 = bestMatch.handlerMethod.getMethod();
                    Method m2 = secondBestMatch.handlerMethod.getMethod();
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Ambiguous handler methods mapped for HTTP path '" +
                            request.getRequestURL() + "': {" + m1 + ", " + m2 + "}");
                }
            }
            handleMatch(bestMatch.mapping, lookupPath, request);
            return bestMatch.handlerMethod;
        }
        else {
            return handleNoMatch(this.mappingRegistry.getMappings().keySet(), lookupPath, request);
        }
    }

RequestMappingHandlerMapping根据,细化匹配条件，整体的查找过程如下：

1.1 从urlMap中直接等值匹配查找匹配条件RequestMappingInfo

1.2 如果等值查找到匹配条件,将其添加到match条件中

1.3 如果没有找到匹配条件,使用所有的handlerMethod的RequestMappingInfo进行匹配

1.4 对匹配到的Match进行排序,取出最高优先级的Match,并核对是否是唯一的最高优先级

二、获取HandlerExecutionChain（AbstractHandlerMapping#getHandler）

    @Override
    public final HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
　　　　　//模板方法
        Object handler = getHandlerInternal(request);
        if (handler == null) {
            handler = getDefaultHandler();
        }
        if (handler == null) {
            return null;
        }
        // Bean name or resolved handler?
        if (handler instanceof String) {
            String handlerName = (String) handler;
            handler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
        }
　　　　　//把Handler和HandlerInterceptor包裹成HandlerExecutionChain
        HandlerExecutionChain executionChain = getHandlerExecutionChain(handler, request);
        if (CorsUtils.isCorsRequest(request)) {
            CorsConfiguration globalConfig = this.corsConfigSource.getCorsConfiguration(request);
            CorsConfiguration handlerConfig = getCorsConfiguration(handler, request);
            CorsConfiguration config = (globalConfig != null ? globalConfig.combine(handlerConfig) : handlerConfig);
            executionChain = getCorsHandlerExecutionChain(request, executionChain, config);
        }
        return executionChain;
    }

3.getHandlerExecutionChain调用

    protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandlerExecutionChain(Object handler, HttpServletRequest request) {
　　　　　//为啥这里要做判断，因为DispatchServlet里面的doDispatch调用getHandler返回的是HandlerExecutionChain
        HandlerExecutionChain chain = (handler instanceof HandlerExecutionChain ?
                (HandlerExecutionChain) handler : new HandlerExecutionChain(handler));
 
        String lookupPath = this.urlPathHelper.getLookupPathForRequest(request);
        for (HandlerInterceptor interceptor : this.adaptedInterceptors) {
            if (interceptor instanceof MappedInterceptor) {
                MappedInterceptor mappedInterceptor = (MappedInterceptor) interceptor;
                if (mappedInterceptor.matches(lookupPath, this.pathMatcher)) {
                    chain.addInterceptor(mappedInterceptor.getInterceptor());
                }
            }
            else {
                chain.addInterceptor(interceptor);
            }
        }
        return chain;
    }

三、选择使用HandlerMapping

如何选择合适的HandlerMapping

    protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        for (HandlerMapping hm : this.handlerMappings) {
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace(
                        "Testing handler map [" + hm + "] in DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
            }
　　　　　　　//如何选择不同的HandlerMapping
            HandlerExecutionChain handler = hm.getHandler(request);
            if (handler != null) {
                return handler;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }