MySQL5.7单实例二进制包安装方法

一、环境

OS: CentOS release 6.9 (Final)
MySQL: mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

说明：类似的操作系统也可以的。为了方便起见，涉及到的操作，均可以直接粘贴复制，比较直观快捷的实施，我没有将带有命令行的截图或者文字粘贴出来。

可能会与路径有关，本文档是基于实践而记录下的，可能与你的环境有所不同，请遇到问题，具体分析查找资料。

二、准备工作

2.1、修改主机名称

hostname myserver

sed -i 's/shell/myserver/' /etc/sysconfig/network

2.2、关闭selinux

sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

setenforce

2.3、修改系统内核参数

cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF

fs.file-max=

fs.aio-max-nr =

kernel.sem =

kernel.shmmax =

kernel.shmall =

kernel.shmmni =

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range =

net.ipv4.tcp_mem =

net.core.wmem_default =

net.core.rmem_default =

net.core.rmem_max =

net.core.wmem_max =

net.ipv4.tcp_rmem =

net.ipv4.tcp_wmem =

net.core.netdev_max_backlog =

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle =

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse =

net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout =

net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time =

net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog =

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies =

net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps =

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route =

vm.swappiness=

EOF

# 使其生效

sysctl -p

2.4、安装依赖包

# 需要配置yum

yum  clean all

yum -y update

yum -y install gd libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel net-snmp-devel wget telnet vim zip unzip

yum -y install curl-devel libxslt-devel pcre-devel libjpeg libpng libcurl4-openssl-dev

yum -y install libcurl-devel libcurl freetype-config freetype freetype-devel unixODBC libxslt

yum -y install libtool openssl-devel

yum -y install perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed

yum -y install ncurses-devel.x86_64  openldap-devel.x86_64 lrzsz  openssh-clients gcc-g77  bison

yum -y install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mhash mhash-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel

yum -y install ntpdate rsync svn  patch  iptables iptables-services

yum -y install libevent libevent-devel  cyrus-sasl cyrus-sasl-devel

yum -y install gd-devel libmemcached-devel memcached git libssl-devel libyaml-devel auto

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make autoconf automake ncurses-devel ncurses  cmake libaio libaio-devel  boost

yum -y install perl-DBI perl-DBD-MySQL perl-Time-HiRes perl-IO-Socket-SSL perl perl-devel

yum -y groupinstall "Server Platform Development" "Development tools"

yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"

2.5、基本初始化

mkdir -p /opt/mysql

cd /opt/mysql/

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

tar -zxf mysql-5.7.-linux-glibc2.-x86_64.tar.gz

cd /usr/local/

ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.-linux-glibc2.-x86_64 mysql

2.6、创建所需要的目录

mkdir -p /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/{data,logs,tmp}

mkdir -p /data/backup/

# 更改权限
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql -d /home/mysql -s /sbin/nologin

2.7、创建配置文件

# 排除干扰因素

if [ -f /etc/my.cnf ]; then

    mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak

fi 

cat >/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf <<EOF

# my_3306.cnf

[client]

port            =

socket          = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock

[mysql]

#prompt="\u@\h:\p  \R:\m:\s [\d]>"

#tee=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/data/query.log

#prompt="\u@\h:\p  \R:\m:\s [\d]>"

prompt = "[\u@\h][\d]>\_"

connect_timeout =

no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]

#misc

user = mysql

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/data

port =

socket = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock

#timeout

interactive_timeout =

wait_timeout = 

#character set

character-set-server = utf8

open_files_limit =

max_connections =

max_connect_errors = 

skip-name-resolve =

disable-partition-engine-check=

#logs

log-output=file

slow_query_log =

slow_query_log_file = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mysql_3306_slow.log

log-error = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mysql_3306_error.log

log_error_verbosity =

pid-file = mysql_3306.pid

long_query_time =

#log-slow-admin-statements =

#log-queries-not-using-indexes =

log-slow-slave-statements = 

#tmp

tmpdir=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp

event_scheduler =

performance_schema = on

max_allowed_packet = 32M

character_set_server = utf8mb4

#character_set_server = utf8

default-time-zone = system

default-storage-engine = InnoDB

#bind_address = 172.16.151.248

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 

#binlog

binlog_format = row

server-id =

log-bin = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mysql-bin

log-bin-index = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mysql-bin.index

binlog_cache_size = 4M

max_binlog_size = 1G

max_binlog_cache_size = 2G

sync_binlog =

expire_logs_days =

#replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%

replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.%

replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%

#relay log

skip_slave_start =

max_relay_log_size = 1G

relay_log_purge =

relay_log_recovery =

log_slave_updates

#slave-skip-errors=,,

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=

#buffers & cache

table_open_cache =

table_definition_cache =

table_open_cache =

max_heap_table_size = 96M

sort_buffer_size = 2M

join_buffer_size = 2M

thread_cache_size =

query_cache_size =

query_cache_type =

query_cache_limit = 256K

query_cache_min_res_unit =

thread_stack = 192K

tmp_table_size = 96M

key_buffer_size = 8M

read_buffer_size = 2M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M

#myisam

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M

myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

myisam_repair_threads = 

#innodb

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 10G

innodb_buffer_pool_instances =

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit =

innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M

innodb_log_file_size = 500M

innodb_log_files_in_group =

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct =

innodb_file_per_table =

innodb_rollback_on_timeout

innodb_status_file =

innodb_io_capacity =

transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

gtid_mode = ON

enforce_gtid_consistency = ON

master_info_repository = TABLE

relay-log-info-repository = TABLE

binlog_checksum = NONE

log_slave_updates = ON

binlog_row_image=FULL

# Two-Master configure

#server-

#auto-increment-offset =

#auto-increment-increment =  

#server-

#auto-increment-offset =

#auto-increment-increment = 

# semi sync replication settings #

#plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/plugin

#plugin_load = "validate_password.so;rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"

plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin #官方版本的路径

plugin_load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so" #官方版本的路径

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = on

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout =

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level =

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave = on

loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = on

loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level =

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled =

loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled =

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout =

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count=

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point=AFTER_SYNC

slave_preserve_commit_order =

slave_transaction_retries =

log_timestamps = system

show_compatibility_56 = on

slave_parallel_workers =

slave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK

loose_innodb_numa_interleave =

innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct =

innodb_page_cleaners =

innodb_undo_log_truncate =

innodb_max_undo_log_size = 2G

innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency =

#transaction_write_set_extraction = MURMUR32

# READ-UNCOMMITTED, READ-COMMITTED, REPEATABLE-READ, SERIALIZABLE ##

transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

sql_mode = "STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY"

# group replication

##log-bin = mysql

##server-id =

##gtid_mode = ON

##enforce_gtid_consistency = ON

##master_info_repository = TABLE

##relay-log-info-repository = TABLE

##binlog_checksum = NONE

##log_slave_updates = ON

##binlog_format = row

##transaction_write_set_extraction=XXHASH64

##loose-group_replication_group_name = '3db33b36-0e51-409f-a61d-c99756e90154'

##loose-group_replication_start_on_boot = off

##loose-group_replication_local_address= "10.125.141.62:23306"  # 不能超过5位数字

##loose-group_replication_group_seeds= "10.125.141.62:23306,10.125.141.62:23307,10.125.141.62:23308"  # 不能超过5位数字

##loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group= off

# loose-group_replication_single_primary_mode=FALSE   ###本次搭建的是mutil_mode

# loose-group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks= TRUE

[mysqld_safe]

#malloc-lib=/usr/local/mysql/lib/jmalloc.so

nice=-

open-files-limit=

EOF

2.8、初始化数据库

chown -R mysql.mysql /gomeo2o/data

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/backup/

chmod -R  /data/backup/

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --initialize-insecure &

　# 查看日志
  # tail -f /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/error.log

2.9、启动数据库推荐做法

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf &

2.10、进入mysql,修改账号

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql  -uroot -p -P3306 -S /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock

set sql_log_bin = 0;

create user 'rpl_user'@'%';

grant replication slave on *.* to 'rpl_user'@'10.%' identified by 'BR8KLwXCKHgN';

update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('rootpwd2017') where user='root';

flush privileges;

set sql_log_bin = 1;

reset  master ; reset slave all;

exit;

######## 配置主从复制方法开始 ########

#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.16.1.10',MASTER_USER='rpl_user',

#    MASTER_PASSWORD='BR8KLwXCKHgN',MASTER_PORT=3306,

#    MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10,MASTER_AUTO_POSITION =1;

#

#    start slave;

#    show slave status\G;

######## 配置主从复制方法结束 ########

2.12、设置便捷使用方式

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config_editor set --host=localhost --login-path=3306_localhost_login --user=root --port=3306  --password --socket=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock

# 请输入root密码： rootpwd2017

alias mysql.3306.start='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf &'

alias mysql.3306.stop='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login shutdown &'

alias mysql.3306.login='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login'

# alias mysql.3306.all_dump='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login  -R -E --triggers -e --max_allowed_packet=16777216 --net_buffer_length=16384  --default-character-set=utf8mb4 --set-gtid-purged=OFF --master-data=2 --single-transaction --all-databases --quick | gzip >/data/backup/all_database_bak_`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S`.sql.gz'

cat  >>/root/.bashrc <<EOF

alias mysql.3306.start='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf &'

alias mysql.3306.stop='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login shutdown &'

alias mysql.3306.login='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login'

# alias mysql.3306.all_dump='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login  -R -E --triggers -e --max_allowed_packet=16777216 --net_buffer_length=16384  --default-character-set=utf8mb4 --set-gtid-purged=OFF --master-data=2 --single-transaction --all-databases --quick | gzip >/data/backup/all_database_bak_`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S`.sql.gz'

EOF

source  /root/.bash_profile

cat  >>/etc/rc.local <<EOF

#  alias mysql.3306.start='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf &'

#  alias mysql.3306.stop='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login shutdown &'

#  alias mysql.3306.login='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login'

##  alias mysql.3306.all_dump='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login  -R -E --triggers -e --max_allowed_packet=16777216 --net_buffer_length=16384  --default-character-set=utf8mb4 --set-gtid-purged=OFF --master-data=2 --single-transaction --all-databases --quick | gzip >/data/backup/all_database_bak_`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S`.sql.gz'

EOF

3、gtid故障处理一例

############################################# gtid故障处理开始 #############################################

#     模拟在从库删除库，然后再主库删除该库，报如下错误

#      Last_SQL_Error: Error 'Can't drop database 'db1'; database doesn't exist' on query. Default database: 'db1'. Query: 'drop database db1'

#       Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

#                  Master_Server_Id: 623306

#                       Master_UUID: 11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2

#                  Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info

#                         SQL_Delay: 0

#               SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

#           Slave_SQL_Running_State:

#                Master_Retry_Count: 86400

#                       Master_Bind:

#           Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:

#          Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 170227 15:44:06

#                    Master_SSL_Crl:

#                Master_SSL_Crlpath:

#                Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:1-2

#                 Executed_Gtid_Set: 11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:1,

#     1760a7a5-fcbc-11e6-8f14-005056b90358:1

#                     Auto_Position: 1

#              Replicate_Rewrite_DB:

#                      Channel_Name:

#                Master_TLS_Version:

#

#     处理方法：

#     stop slave;

#     set gtid_next='11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:2';

#     begin;

#     commit;

#     set gtid_next='automatic';

#     start slave;

#     show slave status\G;

############################################# gtid故障处理结束 #############################################

四、配套卸载删除脚本

[root@myserver mysql]# sh Uninstall_mysql.sh

  请注意,你正在关闭mysqld服务!!!

[Y/N]: Y

你已经选择关闭mysqld服务操作,即将关闭!!!

mysql卸载完毕...

[root@myserver mysql]# chmod +x Uninstall_mysql.sh 
cat Uninstall_mysql.sh

#!/bin/bash

mysqld_count=`ps -ef|grep -v 'grep' | grep mysqld |wc -l`

echo "  请注意,你正在关闭mysqld服务!!!"

function shutdown_and_delete_files () {

if [ "${mysqld_count}" -eq  ]; then

        /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login shutdown &

fi

# 模拟打印进度条

for i in {..}

do

        echo -n " $i"

        sleep

done

# 删除链接文件

if [ -L /usr/local/mysql ]; then

        unlink /usr/local/mysql

fi

echo  ""

# 删除相应的文件

rm -rf /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.-linux-glibc2.-x86_64

rm -rf /etc/my.cnf.bak

rm -rf /data/backup/*

cp /root/.bashrc /root/.bashrc.bak

cp /etc/rc.local /etc/rc.local.bak

sed  -i  '/mysql.3306/d' /root/.bashrc

sed  -i  '/mysql.3306/d' /etc/rc.local

rm -rf /gomeo2o/data/*

echo "mysql卸载完毕..."

echo ""

}

read -p "[Y/N]: " answer

case "${answer}" in

        Y|y|YES|yes)

                echo "你已经选择关闭mysqld服务操作,即将关闭!!!"

                shutdown_and_delete_files

                ;;

        N|n|NO|no)

                echo "你已经取消关闭mysqld服务操作..."

                ;;

        *)

                #echo "Error choice"

                echo "Useage: [Y|YES|y|yes N|NO|n|no]"

                ;;

esac

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