LFS7.10——构造临时Linux系统

参考：LFS编译——准备Host系统

前言

在准备好Host环境后，接下来构造一个临时Linux系统。该系统包含****构建所需要的工具。构造临时Linux系统分两步：

构建一个宿主系统无关的新工具链（编译器、汇编器、链接器、库和一些有用的工具）
使用该工具链构建其它的基础工具。

编译binutils-阶段1

解压binutils-2.27.tar.bz2包

tar -xvf binutils-2.27.tar.bz2

binutils作为第一个要编译的包，提供了linker、assembler以及其他处理目标文件(object files)的工具

创建一个专用的编译目录

mkdir -v build
cd build

编译binutils

../configure --prefix=/tools \
--with-sysroot=$LFS \
--with-lib-path=/tools/lib \
--target=$LFS_TGT \
--disable-nls \
--disable-werror

make

case $(uname -m) in
x86_64) mkdir -v /tools/lib && ln -sv lib /tools/lib64 ;;
esac

make install

编译gcc-阶段1

解压gcc-6.2.0.tar.bz2

tar -xvf gcc-6.2..tar.bz2 

GCC 需要 GMP、 MPFR 和 MPC 软件包

cd gcc-6.2.
tar -xf ../mpfr-3.1..tar.xz
mv -v mpfr-3.1. mpfr
tar -xf ../gmp-6.0.0a.tar.xz
mv -v gmp-6.0. gmp
tar -xf ../mpc-1.0..tar.gz
mv -v mpc-1.0. mpc

更改gcc默认动态链接器的位置，转而使用/tools下面的。他是在gcc搜索路径中移除/usr/include

for file in \
$(find gcc/config -name linux64.h -o -name linux.h -o -name sysv4.h)
do
cp -uv $file{,.orig}
sed -e 's@/lib\(64\)\?\(32\)\?/ld@/tools&@g' \
-e 's@/usr@/tools@g' $file.orig > $file
echo '
#undef STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_1
#undef STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_2
#define STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_1 "/tools/lib/"
#define STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_2 ""' >> $file
touch $file.orig
done

单独建一个目录编译gcc

lfs:/mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-6.2.$ pwd
/mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-6.2.
lfs:/mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-6.2.$ mkdir -v build
mkdir: created directory 'build'

../configure \
--target=$LFS_TGT \
--prefix=/tools \
--with-glibc-version=2.11 \
--with-sysroot=$LFS \
--with-newlib \
--without-headers \
--with-local-prefix=/tools \
--with-native-system-header-dir=/tools/include \
--disable-nls \
--disable-shared \
--disable-multilib \
--disable-decimal-float \
--disable-threads \
--disable-libatomic \
--disable-libgomp \
--disable-libmpx \
--disable-libquadmath \
--disable-libssp \
--disable-libvtv \
--disable-libstdcxx \
--enable-languages=c,c++

make -j4

make install

cd /mnt/lfs/sources

rm -rf gcc-6.2.0

编译linux-4.7.2

Linux内核需要向系统C库（LFS下指的是Glibc）暴露API接口。

解压linux-4.7.2.tar.xz

tar -xvf linux-4.7..tar.xz

make mrproper

make INSTALL_HDR_PATH=dest headers_install

cp -rv dest/include/* /tools/include

编译Glibc-2.24

tar -xvf glibc-2.24.tar.xz 　

cd glibc-2.24　

mkdir -v build
cd build/

../configure \
--prefix=/tools \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--build=$(../scripts/config.guess) \
--enable-kernel=2.6. \
--with-headers=/tools/include \
libc_cv_forced_unwind=yes \
libc_cv_c_cleanup=yes

make -j4

make install

cd ../..

rm -rf glibc-2.24（其实前面那些编译完的包都可以删除）

echo 'int main(){}' > dummy.c
$LFS_TGT-gcc dummy.c
readelf -l a.out | grep ': /tools'

输出如下内容表明一切正常：[Requesting program interpreter: /tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2]

rm -v dummy.c a.out

编译Libstdc++

Libstdc++是gcc的一部分，他的编译工作还是在gcc目录下完成

tar -xvf gcc-6.2.0.tar.bz2

cd gcc-6.2.0

mkdir -v build

cd build/

../libstdc++-v3/configure \
--host=$LFS_TGT \
--prefix=/tools \
--disable-multilib \
--disable-nls \
--disable-libstdcxx-threads \
--disable-libstdcxx-pch \
--with-gxx-include-dir=/tools/$LFS_TGT/include/c++/6.2.

make -j4

make install

cd ../..

rm -rf  gcc-6.2.0

编译Binutils-阶段2

tar -xvf binutils-2.27.tar.bz2

mkdir -v build

cd build

CC=$LFS_TGT-gcc \
AR=$LFS_TGT-ar \
RANLIB=$LFS_TGT-ranlib \
../configure \
--prefix=/tools \
--disable-nls \
--disable-werror \
--with-lib-path=/tools/lib \
--with-sysroot

make -j4

make install

cd ../..

编译gcc-阶段2

tar -xvf gcc-6.2.0.tar.bz2

cd gcc-6.2.0

cat gcc/limitx.h gcc/glimits.h gcc/limity.h > \
`dirname $($LFS_TGT-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)`/include-fixed/limits.h

for file in \
$(find gcc/config -name linux64.h -o -name linux.h -o -name sysv4.h)
do
cp -uv $file{,.orig}
sed -e 's@/lib\(64\)\?\(32\)\?/ld@/tools&@g' \
-e 's@/usr@/tools@g' $file.orig > $file
echo '
#undef STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_1
#undef STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_2
#define STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_1 "/tools/lib/"
#define STANDARD_STARTFILE_PREFIX_2 ""' >> $file
touch $file.orig
done

tar -xf ../mpfr-3.1..tar.xz
mv -v mpfr-3.1. mpfr
tar -xf ../gmp-6.1..tar.xz
mv -v gmp-6.1. gmp
tar -xf ../mpc-1.0..tar.gz
mv -v mpc-1.0. mpc

mkdir -v build
cd build

CC=$LFS_TGT-gcc \
CXX=$LFS_TGT-g++ \
AR=$LFS_TGT-ar \
RANLIB=$LFS_TGT-ranlib \
../configure \
--prefix=/tools \
--with-local-prefix=/tools \
--with-native-system-header-dir=/tools/include \
--enable-languages=c,c++ \
--disable-libstdcxx-pch \
--disable-multilib \
--disable-bootstrap \
--disable-libgomp

make -j4

make install

ln -sv gcc /tools/bin/cc

cd ../../

echo 'int main(){}' > dummy.c
cc dummy.c
readelf -l a.out | grep ': /tools'

输出：[Requesting program interpreter: /tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2]表示一切顺利

rm -v dummy.c a.out

编译Tcl-core

tar -xvf tcl-core8.6.6-src.tar.gz

cd tcl8.6.6/

cd unix

./configure --prefix=/tools

make -j4

TZ=UTC make test

make install

chmod -v u+w /tools/lib/libtcl8.6.so

make install-private-headers

ln -sv tclsh8.6 /tools/bin/tclsh

cd ../..

rm -rf tcl8.6.6/

编译Expect

tar -xvf expect5.45.tar.gz

cd expect5.45

cp -v configure{,.orig}
sed 's:/usr/local/bin:/bin:' configure.orig > configure

./configure --prefix=/tools \
--with-tcl=/tools/lib \
--with-tclinclude=/tools/include

make -j4

make SCRIPTS="" install

cd ..

rm -rf expect5.45

编译DejaGNU

tar -xvf dejagnu-1.6.tar.gz
cd dejagnu-1.6

./configure --prefix=/tools

make install

make check

编译Check

tar -xvf check-0.10.0.tar.gz

cd check-0.10.0

PKG_CONFIG= ./configure --prefix=/tools

make -j4

make check

make install

编译Ncurses

tar -xvf ncurses-6.0.tar.gz

cd ncurses-6.0

sed -i s/mawk// configure

./configure --prefix=/tools \
--with-shared \
--without-debug \
--without-ada \
--enable-widec \
--enable-overwrite

make -j8
make install

cd ..

rm -rf ncurses-6.0

编译Bash

tar -xvf bash-4.3.30.tar.gz
cd bash-4.3.30
./configure --prefix=/tools --without-bash-malloc
make -j8
make install

cd ..

rm -rf bash-4.3.30

编译Bzip2

tar -xvf bzip2-1.0.6.tar.gz

cd bzip2-1.0.6

make

make PREFIX=/tools install

cd ..

rm -rf bzip2-1.0.6

编译Coreutils

tar -xvf coreutils-8.25.tar.xz

cd coreutils-8.25

./configure --prefix=/tools --enable-install-program=hostname

make -j8

make install

编译Diffutils

tar -xvf diffutils-3.5.tar.xz

cd diffutils-3.5

./configure --prefix=/tools

make -j8

make install

cd ..

rm -rf diffutils-3.5

编译File

tar -xvf file-5.28.tar.gz

cd file-5.28

./configure --prefix=/tools

make -j8

make install

cd ..

rm -rf file-5.28

编译Findutils

tar -xvf findutils-4.6.0.tar.gz
cd findutils-4.6.0
./configure --prefix=/tools
make -j8
make install
cd ..
rm -rf findutils-4.6.0

安装Gawk

tar -xvf gawk-4.1.3.tar.xz
cd gawk-4.1.3
./configure --prefix=/tools
make -j8
make install
cd ..
rm -rf gawk-4.1.3

编译Gettext

tar -xvf gettext-0.19.8.1.tar.xz
cd gettext-0.19.8.1
cd gettext-tools
EMACS="no" ./configure --prefix=/tools --disable-shared
make -C gnulib-lib
make -C intl pluralx.c
make -C src msgfmt
make -C src msgmerge
make -C src xgettext
cp -v src/{msgfmt,msgmerge,xgettext} /tools/bin
cd ../..
rm -rf gettext-0.19.8.1

编译Grep

tar -xvf grep-2.25.tar.xz
cd grep-2.25
./configure --prefix=/tools
make -j8
make install
cd ..
rm -rf grep-2.25

编译Gzip

tar -xvf gzip-1.8.tar.xz
cd gzip-1.8
./configure --prefix=/tools
make -j8
make install
cd ..
rm -rf gzip-1.8

编译M4

tar -xvf m4-1.4.17.tar.xz
cd m4-1.4.17
./configure --prefix=/tools
make -j8
make install
cd ..
rm -rf m4-1.4.17

编译Make

tar -xvf make-4.2.1.tar.bz2
cd make-4.2.1
./configure --prefix=/tools --without-guile
make -j8
make install

cd ..

rm -rf m4-1.4.17

编译Patch

tar -xvf patch-2.7.5.tar.xz
cd patch-2.7.5
./configure --prefix=/tools
make -j8
make install
cd ..
rm -rf patch-2.7.5

编译Perl

tar -xvf perl-5.24.0.tar.bz2
cd perl-5.24.0
sh Configure -des -Dprefix=/tools -Dlibs=-lm
make -j8
cp -v perl cpan/podlators/scripts/pod2man /tools/bin
mkdir -pv /tools/lib/perl5/5.24.0
cp -Rv lib/* /tools/lib/perl5/5.24.0
cd ..
rm -rf perl-5.24.0

编译Sed

tar -xvf sed-4.2.2.tar.bz2
cd sed-4.2.2
./configure --prefix=/tools
make -j8
make install
cd ..
rm -rf sed-4.2.2

编译Tar

tar -xvf tar-1.29.tar.xz
cd tar-1.29
./configure --prefix=/tools
make -j8
make install
cd ..
rm -rf tar-1.29

编译Texinfo

tar -xvf texinfo-6.1.tar.xz
cd texinfo-6.1
./configure --prefix=/tools
make -j8
make install
cd ..
rm -rf texinfo-6.1

编译Util-linux

tar -xvf util-linux-2.28.1.tar.xz
cd util-linux-2.28.1

./configure --prefix=/tools \
--without-python \
--disable-makeinstall-chown \
--without-systemdsystemunitdir \
PKG_CONFIG=""

make -j8
make install
cd ..
rm -rf util-linux-2.28.1

编译Xz

tar -xvf xz-5.2.2.tar.xz
cd xz-5.2.2
./configure --prefix=/tools
make -j8
make install
cd ..
rm -rf xz-5.2.2