rpc框架: thrift/avro/protobuf 之maven插件生成java类

thrift、avro、probobuf 这几个rpc框架的基本思想都差不多，先定义IDL文件，然后由各自的编译器(或maven插件)生成目标语言的源代码，但是，根据idl生成源代码这件事，如果每次都要手动敲命令，未免太无聊了，幸好这三种框架都提供了对应的maven插件来完成代码的自动生成，本文演示了这三种框架的maven插件用法。

一、maven-thrift-plugin

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 
     <groupId>yjmyzz</groupId>
     <artifactId>thrift-contract</artifactId>
     <version>1.0</version>
 
     <properties>
         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
         <compiler-plugin.version>2.3.2</compiler-plugin.version>
         <thrift.version>0.9.2</thrift.version>
     </properties>
 
     <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.thrift</groupId>
             <artifactId>libthrift</artifactId>
             <version>${thrift.version}</version>
         </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 
     <build>
         <plugins>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                 <version>${compiler-plugin.version}</version>
                 <configuration>
                     <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.thrift.tools</groupId>
                 <artifactId>maven-thrift-plugin</artifactId>
                 <version>0.1.11</version>
                 <configuration>
                     <thriftExecutable>/usr/local/bin/thrift</thriftExecutable>
                 </configuration>
                 <executions>
                     <execution>
                         <id>thrift-sources</id>
                         <phase>generate-sources</phase>
                         <goals>
                             <goal>compile</goal>
                         </goals>
                     </execution>
                     <execution>
                         <id>thrift-test-sources</id>
                         <phase>generate-test-sources</phase>
                         <goals>
                             <goal>testCompile</goal>
                         </goals>
                     </execution>
                 </executions>
             </plugin>
         </plugins>
     </build>
 
 </project>

.thrift文件约定放在src/main/thrift目录即可，运行mvn package后，会自动在target目录下生成java源码及编译后的class，参考下图：

二、avro-maven-plugin

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 
     <groupId>yjmyzz.avro</groupId>
     <artifactId>avro-contract</artifactId>
     <version>1.0</version>
 
     <properties>
         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
         <compiler-plugin.version>2.3.2</compiler-plugin.version>
         <avro.version>1.7.5</avro.version>
     </properties>
     <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>junit</groupId>
             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
             <version>4.10</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
             <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
             <version>1.6.4</version>
             <scope>compile</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
             <artifactId>avro</artifactId>
             <version>${avro.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
             <artifactId>avro-ipc</artifactId>
             <version>${avro.version}</version>
         </dependency>
     </dependencies>
     <build>
         <plugins>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                 <version>${compiler-plugin.version}</version>
             </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
                 <artifactId>avro-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                 <version>${avro.version}</version>
                 <executions>
                     <execution>
                         <id>schemas</id>
                         <phase>generate-sources</phase>
                         <goals>
                             <goal>schema</goal>
                             <goal>protocol</goal>
                             <goal>idl-protocol</goal>
                         </goals>
                     </execution>
                 </executions>
             </plugin>
         </plugins>
     </build>
 </project>

各种avro的定义文件放在src/main/avro下，其它跟thrift类似，参考下图：

三、protobuf-maven-plugin

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 
     <groupId>yjmyzz.protobuf</groupId>
     <artifactId>protobuf-contract</artifactId>
     <version>1.0</version>
 
     <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>com.google.protobuf</groupId>
             <artifactId>protobuf-java</artifactId>
             <version>3.0.0-beta-1</version>
         </dependency>
     </dependencies>
     <build>
         <plugins>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>com.github.igor-petruk.protobuf</groupId>
                 <artifactId>protobuf-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                 <version>0.6.3</version>
                 <executions>
                     <execution>
                         <goals>
                             <goal>run</goal>
                         </goals>
                     </execution>
                 </executions>
                 <configuration>
                     <protocCommand>/usr/local/bin/protoc</protocCommand>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
         </plugins>
     </build>
 
 </project>

定义文件放在/src/main/protobuf下，其它跟前二个插件类似，参考下图：

注：<protocCommand>/usr/local/bin/protoc</protocCommand> 这里的protoc编译器的版本，必须与

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.google.protobuf</groupId>
    <artifactId>protobuf-java</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.0-beta-1</version>
</dependency>

中的版本号兼容，否则生成java时会提示版本号不一致