Prolog&Epilog

这篇博客会简单介绍一下Prolog&Epilog 然后再简单介绍下我对于程序在计算机中到底如何运行的一些理解（因为自己之前也从来没有接触过这些方面的知识，所以如果有讲的不对的地方希望大家能够帮我指正）

1.首先我们认识下什么是Prolog&Epilog 其实就是两段固定的代码， 当编译器对程序进行编译的时候就会生成这两段代码， 然后编译器会在每一个函数的开头塞入Prolog代码，在每一个函数的结尾塞入 Epilog代码。 你可以把Prolog看成是一段程序的前言，把Epilog看成是一段程序的尾言。

2.废话不多说，我们用一段程序来进行理解：

 #include <stdio.h>
 int add(int x, int y)
 {
     int i = ; int j = ;
     return (x+y);
 }
 int main (int argc, char * argv[])
 {
     printf("%d\n", add(,));
     return ;
 }

这里写了一段很简单的C程序，其中在main函数中调用了我们自定义的add()函数，我们会用ollydbg来观察一下程序到底是如何运行的。

在windows平台下我们可以通过 >cl /c add1.c 生成目标文件add1.obj

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  >link add1.obj 生成可执行文件 add1.exe

3. 当我们运行此程序的时候， OS（操作系统）首先会把这段程序加载到一个虚拟的4G内存当中。 如图所示：

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brJG8cwskoMpK9NyW/dkA4E09yG6yTvHEIJyNwSI5KTA/T+mS0iRHOZJPcBuskbxzCyTANmUWpkcdIOBNPchusk7xxCCfDNMRGJfKHaX0OvrMinMkmuQ3WSd44CQxnw+8+zj3/QbWPd+Z8av3ALWFv1vJjJJyJJ7kN1kneOAkMZ8BHRquS7wN89TfOgqcrN5RSFbuvPz7meaQLn5q74Ok58seSWe2EE12gBLfBOskbJ5nhdJxZ1T42NbwatBntdbxCqvGREk50gRLcBuskbxzCKXSYwzlriZPI8dRCzx+PUmrWkioYhBNdI7kN1hXdONl05/+5prOuK3KZlOt/alOZXPRz0yZKOIUMwkk4CWfiEU6DYhsnl0nvSGI23dlH98/5xVKeqkYzN88vVRtO7WhrPXuEk3ASThRFOA3CbJxsensss2nt7DMeyQlnx0tNhLN6B+EknDWFcBqE2Di5TCofzlwmVYluxhZOu6xnj3ASTsKJohThDFbyxunIpuvM03G/BBr9q5yxhLPyoyOZSzjjrOZBOAlnTSGcBiVuHM+Ts4VnnK6qRjk3zy/VHE73z9azRzgJJ+FEUYTToJSNU/CSZsEFhLP0w4317BFOwkk4URThNCi6cXzfCJTLpDzPzRJOwkk4ZQ7Cia4hnAbFNo77Y5zelzI9n+OM42OchFPqIJyEk3AmHuE0kLxxkhnOxCCc1qNIOBEfJbgN1kneOAkMZ+KHtYxXSjU+0ph2tBbO9vb2yh4fEK9du3VvbnMYvmPnXXa1vX8CEU4GQ+jQwvnll18eedRR99xzT8WPEoiL5f/dE8/2/glEOBkMoUO5wrl58+b6YcMGHX1Mz151v/3d72wcKxA9ldyXXcofhJPBYIQeHeFcv379oMMPP+/yiS+t/mDmc8/vU1e3aNEiS0cMRIlwJiScq55zlj21ZeHMD56f8R6DwbA48uFctWrVV/v1m3jd9S+9v3bBmg8XrPlw2pNP71NXt3TpUltHDUSFcCYknADk+POf/9y7b98f335nPpkd48ZZD/Tu23fVqlW2DhyIhCKcCQhnXktLyxdffNEEwKpsNrtPXd2N98/WqpkfU6becdDBB69fv77yRw1EhXAmJ5wArFu7dq1S6voZ9/hWMz8u+6/rvnnYYY2NjbYniy4inIQTQJSmTp06YODAuW++FRTOl95fO/ayiUNTqa1btxbevLW1tfJzRiiEk3ACiFJ7e/vVU6YMPnbIs++uCmzn6g9Gjjn39DPPbG5udt9206ZN06dPtzVzlIhwEk4AEWtra7vo4ovrTz7l+ffeD2rn8++9P/Skky+86KK2trb8rdasWaOUmj17tt3JoyjCGXc4Y6ov4QREa25uPv3MM0eOOfel1R8EtXN+w8rBxxz7o8mT29vb33777V51dUqpTz/91PbcUUTF36ZdZSLZwuWvxGe1cawUQIS2bt16XH39eZdP7PgoZ+GY++ZbAwYOHHXWWXW9e48ce97QVMr2rFFcTIf1ZCCcAMrS2Nj4zcMOm3jd9YY32T7xxuKddtpp6m8eO+e7l9562222p4ziCKcB4QRQrnXr1h108MGFX4bgHi+89/5L76894KsHr1ixwvZ8URzhNCCcUctlUr7/rnfQ5V1Yc/mrAqK2cuXK3n36BH0lQn7MXrBo/wMP1P4BssbGxtmzZ188/pzUsYf92zf71dQ46rABp54w5OqrfrBgwYK4P6IT9rucCKdBlYczl0npL9mms3HMpfPuihUrknAWPi73wyKcEGnx4sU9e/W666k5QeGceN316UmTOpZvamr68eQf7Nuz+4XDdv/1d9T/XqOW/Uz9tZbG0p+qF65St5+7U+rQHl8/uO+cOU/H98+annvuuVu2bCl9+fjeVpMM5e+RSFbis9rii1Q4IRUNZ/DChBNSLViwYJ+6uvuyL/iG86ih9fPnz88vuXz58q8f3HfK6d0+vVs5sxhq8fVq6MA9Lzz/7H/84x9x7Bql1CmnnBJqeceZxfAdyQxnLpNynaO5f3OdynXeruBCbbXbf/WcBqYyuWy689fOE8JcJqVS6XRKv8azTt9pFHtcgU/VFlsbUEFPPvXUvn36PPzKa1o15y1/u/vuu+e/SOjNN988qO/eL/7Ifq5EjZaZ6vun/OuI4fXbtm2LfL8c9NWvKqUaGhpKXJ5w1lw4Ha0yO+KVTXtDls5qkc2m09nC1RZ7cdGzilwm5epX5z26bus3jRIeV8A0iq8NqKDPPvtMKXX2dy/VvoFv0k9/PvL0MxzHaWxsHHBQ74VX2w+VwNF+n7r0hO4//M/LIt8vxwwZcvK3R58wfHiJzwYTzmSHU+M50UyltNM8V1Xyv5oTpf1qehrW98zSlTXfkhfOyv9xFa5hx12UsjagUjZs2HD4EUeMvvg7L/59zSOv/uln99x7/hXfH3L88T323nvnnXd+8sknHce54vLv/Oys3awnSuz48h71jQP2eP3116PdNccMGTJ9ztxDBg164oknSlmecCY7nCW/Fuhb2cBulRBO93O1QeEsvG0pb2gq/Yyzwm+PAoItX748/yeYL+X+Bx446tvf/uVNN2Wz2Y8++ii/zLp16/r22v2LGfb7JHk8OVGNPKnevLUHDx6slPqXkimlZsx7JvPbuX3337+pqano3iSctRnOXCal0uliz2N2+Ywz6LQv7Bln6Y+rlDNOwJI333xz0KBBSqmbbr75+eef37hxo+9it0+97aoRnG4WGc33qrq9upn/QdOTTz31pl//zwvvvV/6yH+70xnnnT/56quL7lDCWYvh7AiK6yVA73uGnFwmlc76vsbped0wf2KZvxfX5e5F9JcZPc8Ob/+l80ffaZTwuPxPfEtYGxA/338+rNBpJw199kr7ZZI/zhnS/ZFHHjFsyVNGjLj14d8YPjUbNOYs/WvPXr3eeust854inMkOp88TlcHvqvV9etV1meddPTuWynjzt2PBzkVSKe8Zp9/zpoXv6DE8txruXbXF1gaI0e+Auvdutp+lksac6Y7jOAvt3PsNo3aaPPlHhi3Z5XAuWPPhD39587Djjze/S4hwJjecAKpKr7133zStSqpmNZx3nacuumCcYUuWE84X/75mr549H330UcP6CSfhBCBCr713//iuKqma1XBOH6fGjR1t2JLlhHN+w8qevXq9/PLLhvUTTsIJQATCWXo4x445y7AlywnnhVf+cNz555v3FOEknABEqFA4F7pe6V+a8ly1VHvvQNZntW6eu0i7rsg5cwom03G/jdPFhvPBRX/suc8+5rfsOoSTcAIQohLhXJh1VS3tOI6zOu0Jpzulq53OduaztzDgLvK/dtx2aa7zXjpy676jmMM5NDXssmuvuy/7QuljfsPKl95f++8nnDht2rSie4pwEk4AIsQfzpTT6A2Yp6OG9RTc0HMXBdfmL8l3NIYndYuGc9z55/fu0+ewwYNLHPkvQPj5vfcdOmhQc3Nz0T2llHKc2QzfQTgBVE7s4Sy8POgSt4XFbuh7d6t3pNRGOMM6ZsiQ2x99vM/++7/yyiulLK9/0A9e5e+RSFbis9o4VgrAIgvhzD9b2/EU62rHs0DH8qWEs1D+tcwqCecRxx13wYUXlrh8TIf1ZCCcACrH8hmn4dounHEWnYykcO7Zo4dSasOGDSUuTzgNCCeAyrH8Gmfh652d6/GemOp3UfgaZ5WFUyl1xRVXhFo+wntPGMIJoHIq9a7ajqu0d9V6f+14Aja/sPuNsvlSuu8iv1p3WRdmLb45KKx0Ot3S0lL68oTTgHACqJy6nntsjPAr93TeD5bkaZ/jdN+wcbrevNUd1+WchQEvlzquZdwfR4k0nNPGqnFjz45oqzuO42zatCnU8hbeb1NVyt8jkazEZ7VxrBSARQMH7P/OjVEGJqnjmtO+MnHi5Rb3lFJq1jFphu8gnAAqZ+zokU9cbj9L8sfJh3W78847Le4pwkk4AYgwe/bsCcP2sJ4l4aPpv1WP7rssWbLE4p4inIQTgAhNTU19eu257nb7cZI87jj3K6cOr29qarK4pwgn4QQgxe233Xx+/R7t99nvk8yx/nZVt9du8+bNM/9D03EjnIQTgBQtLS3fOu7I6eN3sZ4ogWPrr9Qx/XedePn3tm7danc3EU7CCUCQTZs2DT60/y/P2bWN807X+L871LEDdj3rzBEbN260vYsIJ+EEIMzmzZtHn3nK0G/suWiK4mnbL2ao6eO+su9eu6Uv/17YD1zGhHASTgDitLe3z5s37+jDv96vT/fvfmu328eoeyeomRfW0PjVePXzUTuddkS3Ht13OX7oUc8888y2bdts75btCCfhBCBXQ0PDzJkzf/D9SePGjBr9HyNGnX7KqNNOroVx1pkjLrpwwq233rpixYpS/o3MSqrM9+9Ur0i2cPkr8VltHCsFABQV02E9GQgnAEBHOA0IJwBARzgNCCcAQEc4DQgnAEBHOA0IJwBARzgNCCcAQEc4DQgnAEBHOA0IJwBARzgNCCcAQEc4DQgnAEBHOA0IJwBARzgNCCcAQEc4DQgnAEBHOA0IJwBARzgNCCcAQEc4DQgnAEBHOA0IJwBARzgNCCcAQEc4DQgnAEBHOA0IJwBARzgNCCcAQEc4DQgnAEBHOA0IJwBARzgNCCcAQLdvN+V8voHhO/bYhXACALwUjCLZwuWvxGe1cawUAFCUUspJM/wH4QQA6Agn4QQAhEA4CScAwN+0adOGDRs2ffr0Dz/8sONCwkk4AQC65ubmd999t7m5OZvNHnfccUqp4cOHNzc3O4STcAJAjdu2bds777wzb968O+6449prr81f+NFHH40YMcJxnKVLl/bv33/AgAEff/xx/irCGV84I3+Drmfl0a4OAGpKa2vrVVddddppp/Xv33+33XY75JBDRo0aNWXKlAceeMC92ObNm/fbb7/HH3/cfSHhjC+cjqudZa7HZ82RrxEAEqaxsfGNN9545JFH8k+xOo7Tu3fvrVu35n+eMWPGH/7wh5UrV7a0tBhW0t7erl1COAknACTE/Pnzb7nllksuuaS+vr6urq5Hjx7HHnvshAkTNm/enF/gyy+/LP9eCGes4XR4jRMAotXe3r5mzZqOBE6aNOlvf/tb/ucpU6b85Cc/uf/++1955ZUNGzbENIEovl0nySLZwuWvxGe1cawUAKT55JNPXnvttQcffPC6664bM2bM4Ycf3r179wMPPPAvf/lLfoFly5Y1NTVVckoxHdaTQfLGkTszACjT008/vWzZsvzPkyZNqq+vv+SSS2655ZY5c+YsX76840VKWyS3wTrfjRPVmWiZ7M8AALqstbU1l8s9++yzd9999xVXXHHSSScdcMABM2fOzF/73HPPvfXWW3ZnaCChAWJpG0fUE8XsNgDVJJfLrVixIv/ztGnTunXr1r9//5EjR1555ZUzZsx44YUXVq9e3dbWZneSJSKcBoZw2ppS52RsTwAAfGzZsmXJkiWPP/74jTfeeMEFF8yYMSN/+dy5cx966KH8z01NTf/85z/tzbFcEhoglu/GIZwAypbLpJRKZ21PozwtLS0dX6bz2muvDR8+fL/99uvevfsRRxwxduzY66+//qGHHmpoaLA7yThIaIBYkjeO3JkB1S+b9r5qksrktl8TVfDCrieXSbmnYcP69esXLVp03333Pfjgg/lLXnzxxYsvvrjj2pdffnnt2rWFXxeQPJLbYJ3kjSN3ZkB1y2VSytu0bLqznbUUzk2bNt1www3jx48/+uij99xzz759+5544okTJ058+OGHKzkNgSS3wTrJG0fuzIBqFhSobEZAOON4anfbtm0NDQ2LFi3K/7p27dr6+vr8zx9//PEvfvGLxx57bPHixZ9//nn09121JLfBOskbR+7MgGpmPLPLn4x6pLM+FxcETlsinfUJ4fanhwPiGFE4W1tbFy5ceO+9906ePPmMM8742te+1q1bt4EDB44fPz6/QFtb27p168q9m6ST3AbrJG8cuTMDqlq+X4GJ8gtYLpNypzJTFO0AAAG0SURBVDab9q7A/Uxv/vdUJqetR1/Gf16hwtnx7ayO40yYMKG1tdVxnLa2thEjRqTT6bvuumv+/PmrVq0yf785fElug3WSN47cmQFVznt6WBjJogHzLBNwA/fFxavpmMOZ/+ck586dO3Xq1EsvvXTYsGF1dXV77bVXY2NjfoHf//73Hf88CMonuQ3WSd44cmcGJIbrzbU7uhYUzqCna43L73jKtpRTSVM4jzzyyEMPPXT06NHXXHPN7NmzX3311Y0bN4Z4nAhJchusk7xx5M4MSBzXKaFfCPVnd93LGMOZSqVMr2sW3Em1f+4TsItwApXT+bJlYQjNlxQ5Q01ni72o6p4C4QTKQTiBOGTTgaeH+Sdrs2nt9ciCC0K/xllqOwGUhXACcfD5UIg3a4WfV/G+i3bHi53B75j1e1dt0XYK+OYgoNoRTiAmBe/z0Xvl/kK+zudvOxcOePLWsz6fE1HjBzkJJ1A2wgkAQAiEEwCAEAgnAAAhEE4AAEIgnAAAhEA4AQAIgXACABAC4QQAIATCCQBACIQTAIAQCCcAACEQTgAAQiCcAACEQDgBAAiBcAIAEML/A/0I3u7vRiGwAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" alt="" />

这个地方有一些概念会以后单独写文章再进行阐述，此处我们可以简单理解为: 当但我们对程序进行编译以后，程序是位于磁盘上的， 当我们点击运行程序以后程序会加载到内存当中。

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