[TS] Implement a singly linked list in TypeScript

In a singly linked list each node in the list stores the contents of the node and a reference (or pointer in some languages) to the next node in the list. It is one of the simplest way to store a collection of items.

In this lesson we cover how to create a linked list data structure and how to use its strengths to implement an O(1) FIFO queue.

/**
 * Linked list node
 */
export interface LinkedListNode<T> {
  value: T
  next?: LinkedListNode<T>
}
 
/**
 * Linked list for items of type T
 */
export class LinkedList<T> {
  public head?: LinkedListNode<T> = undefined;
  public tail?: LinkedListNode<T> = undefined;
 
  /**
   * Adds an item in O(1)
   **/
  add(value: T) {
    const node = {
      value,
      next: undefined
    }
    if (!this.head) {
      this.head = node;
    }
    if (this.tail) {
      this.tail.next = node;
    }
    this.tail = node;
  }
 
  /**
   * FIFO removal in O(1)
   */
  dequeue(): T | undefined {
    if (this.head) {
      const value = this.head.value;
      this.head = this.head.next;
      if (!this.head) {
        this.tail = undefined;
      }
      return value;
    }
  }
 
  /**
   * Returns an iterator over the values
   */
  *values() {
    let current = this.head;
    while (current) {
      yield current.value;
      current = current.next;
    }
  }
}

import { LinkedList } from './linkedList';
 
test('basic', () => {
  const list = new LinkedList<number>();
  list.add(1);
  list.add(10);
  list.add(5);
  expect(Array.from(list.values())).toMatchObject([1, 10, 5]);
  expect(list.dequeue()).toBe(1);
  expect(Array.from(list.values())).toMatchObject([10, 5]);
  expect(list.dequeue()).toBe(10);
  expect(list.dequeue()).toBe(5);
  expect(list.dequeue()).toBe(undefined);
  expect(Array.from(list.values())).toMatchObject([]);
  list.add(5);
  expect(Array.from(list.values())).toMatchObject([5]);
});

We can also see the beautiy of Generator with Array.from partten.

Array.from(list.values())

It saves lots of code to keep maintaing the indexing of the array.

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