Testng 简介
Testng是一套开源测试框架,是从Junit继承而来,testng意为test next generation,主要有以下特性:
- annotations 注释,如 @test @BeforeMethod
- 支持多线程执行case
- 支持数据驱动 dataProvider
- 支持参参数
- 能够作为eclipse的插件
- 能够(配合reportng)生产客观的测试报告
- 可通过testng.xml管理执行case和suite
那么好的测试框架,怎么使用?
这里我们使用eclipse插件方式 安装详见:http://testng.org/doc/eclipse.html
testng使用
首先了解一下testng 的annotations
常见的有以下:
@BeforeClass: 该annotation在class激活之前执行
@BeforeMethod: 该annotation会在每个执行的方法之前执行
@Test ,该annotation 是你要执行测试的方法
@AfterMethod,该annotation在每个测试方法执行之后运行
@AfterClass 该annotation会在所有测试方法之后运行
具体生命周期如下图:
这里是所有的annotation
@BeforeSuite @AfterSuite @BeforeTest @AfterTest @BeforeGroups @AfterGroups @BeforeClass @AfterClass @BeforeMethod @AfterMethod |
Configuration information for a TestNG class:
@BeforeSuite: The annotated method will be run before all tests in this suite have run. |
实例:我们验证一下testng annotation 执行顺序,这个case里有两个 测试
,执行顺序为beforeClass->beforeMethod->test1->afterMethod->beforeMethod->
test2->afterMethod->afterClass.
package com.dbyl.tests; import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
/**
* This is to verify testng annotation execute
* @author Young
*
*/
public class TestngExample {
private int a; @BeforeMethod(alwaysRun=true)
public void beforeMethod() {
a = 2;
System.out.println("This is beforeMethod method. The Value of a is: "
+ a);
} @BeforeClass
public void beforeClass() {
a = 1;
System.out.println("This is beforeClass method .The Value of a is: "
+ a);
} @Test(groups = "TestngExample")
public void testExample1() {
a = 3;
System.out.println("This is Test method1 .The Value of a is: " + a);
} @Test(groups = "TestngExample")
public void testExample2() {
a = 4;
System.out.println("This is Test method2 .The Value of a is: " + a);
} @AfterClass
public void afterClass() {
a = 5;
System.out.println("This is AfterClass Method .The Value of a is: " + a); } @AfterMethod
public void afterMethod()
{
a = 6;
System.out.println("This is AfterMethod Method .The Value of a is: " + a);
} }
所以执行结果为:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
|
This is beforeClass method .The Value of a is: 1 This is beforeMethod method. The Value of a is: 2 This is Test method1 .The Value of a is: 3 This is AfterMethod Method .The Value of a is: 6 This is beforeMethod method. The Value of a is: 2 This is Test method2 .The Value of a is: 4 This is AfterMethod Method .The Value of a is: 6 This is AfterClass Method .The Value of a is: 5 PASSED: testExample1 PASSED: testExample2 |
当然,还有BeforeSuite 等,不再做深入研究.
annotation后面可以加一些参数,比如alwaysRun=true/false,dependsOnMethods=""
alwaysRun控制是否每次都执行,dependsOnMethods是一种依赖,依赖某个方法执行
之前有提到testng数据驱动,使用dataProvider,dataProvider可以导入text ,excel等数据,
执行case时会从DataProvider依次拿出数据执行,同一个测试方法,会被执行相应的次数
package com.dbyl.tests; import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class Case1 { @DataProvider
public Object[][] testData1() {
return new Object[][] { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 1, 2, 4 }, { 1, 3, 4 },
{ -1, 3, 2 } };
} @DataProvider
public Object[][] testData2() {
return new Object[][] { { 5, 2, 3 }, { 1, 2, 4 }, { 1, -3, 4 },
{ 6, 3, 2 } };
} public static int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
} public static int minus(int a, int b) {
return a - b;
} @BeforeClass
public void beforeClass()
{
System.out.println("This is Before Class");
}
@Test(groups = { "add" }, dataProvider = "testData1")
public void addTest(int a, int b, int c) {
System.out.println("This is test add method. "+a+" + "+ b+" = "+c);
Assert.assertEquals(add(a, b), c);
} @Test(groups = { "minus" }, dataProvider = "testData2")
public void minusTest(int a, int b, int c) {
System.out.println("This is test minus method. "+a+" - "+ b+" = "+c);
Assert.assertEquals(minus(a, b), c);
} @BeforeMethod
public void beforeMethod()
{
System.out.println("This is Before Method");
} @AfterMethod
public void afterMethod()
{
System.out.println("This is After Method");
} @AfterClass
public void afterClass()
{
System.out.println("This is After Class");
}
}
执行结果如下:
This is Before Class
This is Before Method
This is test add method. 1 + 2 = 3
This is After Method
This is Before Method
This is test add method. 1 + 2 = 4
This is After Method
This is Before Method
This is test add method. 1 + 3 = 4
This is After Method
This is Before Method
This is test add method. -1 + 3 = 2
This is After Method
This is Before Method
This is test minus method. 5 - 2 = 3
This is After Method
This is Before Method
This is test minus method. 1 - 2 = 4
This is After Method
This is Before Method
This is test minus method. 1 - -3 = 4
This is After Method
This is Before Method
This is test minus method. 6 - 3 = 2
This is After Method
This is After Class
PASSED: addTest(1, 2, 3)
PASSED: addTest(1, 3, 4)
PASSED: addTest(-1, 3, 2)
PASSED: minusTest(5, 2, 3)
PASSED: minusTest(1, -3, 4)
FAILED: addTest(1, 2, 4)
由于天色已晚,明天继续总结.
接下来:testng.xml的配置和使用,已经参数传递
testng配合reportng 生成测试报告
testng 配合ant
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