Chapter 18 MySQL NDB Cluster 7.3 and NDB Cluster 7.4渣翻

Table of Contents

18.1 NDB Cluster Overview     

18.2 NDB Cluster Installation     

18.3 Configuration of NDB Cluster     

18.4 NDB Cluster Programs     

18.5 Management of NDB Cluster     

18.6 NDB Cluster Replication     

18.7 NDB Cluster Release Notes

上面的是mysql 5.6官方文档第十八节的子目录

先看文档主干部分

MySQL NDB Cluster is a high-availability, high-redundancy version of MySQL adapted for the distributed computing environment. Recent NDB Cluster release series use version 7 of the NDB storage engine (also known as NDBCLUSTER) to enable running several computers with MySQL servers and other software in a cluster. NDB Cluster 7.5, now available as a General Availability (GA) release beginning with version 7.5.4, incorporates version 7.5 of the NDB storage engine. NDB Cluster 7.6, which uses version 7.6 of the NDBstorage engine, is also now available as a developer preview. Previous GA releases still available for production, NDB 7.3 and NDB Cluster 7.4, incorporate NDB versions 7.3 and 7.4, respectively.

MySQL NDB集群是针对分布式计算环境开发的高可用、高冗余的mysql版本。最新发布的NDB集群发布系列使用了NDB第7版的存储引擎，它允许在集群中运行多个几个MySQL服务器和其他软件。NDB集群7.5，现在作为通用的高可用版本（GA），从7.5.4版本发布开始包含了NDB存储引擎的7.5版本。使用NDBstorage引擎的7.6版本的NDB 7.6，现在也可以作为开发版预览了。之前的GA版本仍然可以用于生产，NDB 7.3和NDB集群7.4分别包含了NDB版本7.3和7.4。

Support for the NDB storage engine is not included in standard MySQL Server 5.6 binaries built by Oracle. Instead, users of NDB Cluster binaries from Oracle should upgrade to the most recent binary release of NDB Cluster for supported platforms—these include RPMs that should work with most Linux distributions. NDB Cluster users who build from source should use the sources provided for NDB Cluster. (Locations where the sources can be obtained are listed later in this section.)

对NDB存储引擎的支持不包括Oracle发布的标准mysql5.6服务器的二进制文件。相反，oracle二进制文件的用户使用NDB集群，应该升级到NDB集群支持的平台最新二进制版本——这包括了大多数Linux发行版上的RPM。从源码构建的NDB集群用户应该使用为NDB集群用户提供的源（章节后面会列出这些源）

注：这里说的从源码构建的是指的用二进制安装包安装的集群用户吧？求指点

This chapter contains information about NDB Cluster 7.3 releases through 5.6.40-ndb-7.3.22 as well as NDB Cluster 7.4 releases through 5.6.40-ndb-7.4.21. Currently, NDB Cluster 7.5 is available as a General Availability release, and recommended for new deployments. NDB Cluster 7.6 is currently in development, and is available as a developer preview for evaluation purposes; see What is New in NDB Cluster 7.6, for more information. The NDB Cluster 7.4 and NDB Cluster 7.3 release series are previous GA releases still supported in production. NDB Cluster 7.2 is a previous GA release series which is still supported, although we recommend that new deployments for production use NDB Cluster 7.5 (see MySQL NDB Cluster 7.5 and NDB Cluster 7.6). For more information about NDB Cluster 7.2, see MySQL NDB Cluster 7.2.

本节不但包含关于NDB集群7.3到5.6.40-ndb-7.3.22版本，也包含NDB集群7.4版本到5.6.40-ndb-7.4.21的信息。现在，NDB7.5版本作为可靠地通用版本发型，也推荐作为新部署版本。NDB7.6当前正在开发中，可用于开发人员的预览评估。参见What is New in NDB Cluster 7.6获取更多信息。NDB集群7.4和7.3系列版本作为GA版仍旧在生产中支持。NDB集群7.2是一个以前的GA发布系列，它仍然被支持，但我们建议使用NDB集群7.5作为新部署版本(见MySQL NDB集群7.5和NDB集群7.6)。获取更多关于NDB集群7.2版本信息，请参考MySQL NDB Cluster 7.2

Supported Platforms.  NDB Cluster is currently available and supported on a number of platforms. For exact levels of support available for on specific combinations of operating system versions, operating system distributions, and hardware platforms, please refer to http://www.mysql.com/support/supportedplatforms/cluster.html.

支持平台：

NDB集群目前可在多个平台上支持与使用。对于具体的操作系统版本、操作系统发行版和硬件平台的支持，请参考http://www.mysql.com/support/supportedplatforms/cluster.html

Availability.  NDB Cluster binary and source packages are available for supported platforms from http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/cluster/.

可用性：

NDB集群二进制和源码包支持的平台可以参考http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/cluster/.

NDB Cluster release numbers.  NDB Cluster follows a somewhat different release pattern from the mainline MySQL Server 5.6 series of releases. In this Manual and other MySQL documentation, we identify these and later NDB Cluster releases employing a version number that begins with “NDB”. This version number is that of the NDBCLUSTER storage engine used in the release, and not of the MySQL server version on which the NDB Cluster release is based.

NDB集群版本号：

NDB集群遵循与主线MySQL服务器5.6系列版本稍有不同的发布模式。在本手册与其他MySQL文档中，我们鉴别出这些与后来的NDB集群版本使用了以“NDB”开头的版本号。这版本数字指的是NDBCLUSTER发布版中使用的存储引擎，而非基于NDB集群版本的MySQL服务器版本。

Version strings used in NDB Cluster software.  The version string displayed by NDB Cluster programs uses this format:

mysql-mysql_server_version-ndb-ndb_engine_version

在NDB集群软件中使用的版本字符串：

NDB集群程序显示的版本字符串使用这种格式：

.........

mysql_server_version represents the version of the MySQL Server on which the NDB Cluster release is based. For all NDB Cluster 7.3 and current NDB Cluster 7.4 releases, this is “5.6”. ndb_engine_version is the version of the NDB storage engine used by this release of the NDB Cluster software. You can see this format used in the mysql client, as shown here:

shell> mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.40-ndb-7.4.21 Source distribution

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql> SELECT VERSION()\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
VERSION(): 5.6.40-ndb-7.4.21
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql_server_version

代表了基于NDB集群发布版的MySQL服务器版本。在所有的NDB集群7.3版和当前NDB集群7.4发布版本中，“5.6”代表：ndb_engine_version是NDB集群软件的发布版中使用的NDB存储引擎版本号。你可以在MySQL客户端看到这种格式，如下所示：

.......

This version string is also displayed in the output of the SHOW command in the ndb_mgm client:

ndb_mgm> SHOW
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]     2 node(s)
id=1    @10.0.10.6  (5.6.40-ndb-7.4.21, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=2    @10.0.10.8  (5.6.40-ndb-7.4.21, Nodegroup: 0)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=3    @10.0.10.2  (5.6.40-ndb-7.4.21)

[mysqld(API)]   2 node(s)
id=4    @10.0.10.10  (5.6.40-ndb-7.4.21)
id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from any host)

版本字符串也可在ndb_mgm客户端使用SHOW命令的输出中，像这样展示：

...........

The version string identifies the mainline MySQL version from which the NDB Cluster release was branched and the version of the NDBstorage engine used. For example, the full version string for NDB 7.4.4 (the first NDB Cluster 7.4 GA release) is mysql-5.6.23-ndb-7.4.4. From this we can determine the following:

• Since the portion of the version string preceding -ndb- is the base MySQL Server version, this means that NDB 7.4.4 derives from MySQL 5.6.23, and contains all feature enhancements and bug fixes from MySQL 5.6 up to and including MySQL 5.6.23.

• Since the portion of the version string following -ndb- represents the version number of the NDB (or NDBCLUSTER) storage engine, NDB 7.4.4 uses version 7.4.4 of the NDBCLUSTER storage engine.

New NDB Cluster releases are numbered according to updates in the NDB storage engine, and do not necessarily correspond in a one-to-one fashion with mainline MySQL Server releases. For example, NDB 7.4.4 (as previously noted) is based on MySQL 5.6.23, while NDB 7.4.3 was based on MySQL 5.6.22 (version string: mysql-5.6.22-ndb-7.4.3).

版本字符串标识了主要的MySQL版本，包括NDB集群分支版本，与被使用的NDBstorage引擎的版本。举例来说，NDB7.4.4的全版本字符串（第一个NDB集群7.4GA发行版）是mysql-5.6.23-ndb-7.4.4，从这些信息我们能确定以下几点：

• 由于-ndb-版本字符串之前的部分是MySQL服务器版本，这意味着NDB7.4.4源自MySQL5.6.23，并包含了从MySQL 5.6升级到MySQL 5.6.23的所有特性增强和bug修复。
• 由于-ndb-版本字符串之后的部分代表NDB存储引擎的版本号，NDB7.4.4使用的是NDBCLUSTER存储引擎的7.4.4版本。

根据NDB存储引擎的更新，新的NDB集群版本将被编号，并且与主线MySQL服务器发布版本并不一定是一一对应。例如，NDB 7.4.4(如前所述)基于MySQL 5.6.23，而NDB 7.4.3是基于MySQL 5.6.22(版本字符串:MySQL -5.6.22- NDB -7.4.3)

Compatibility with standard MySQL 5.6 releases.  While many standard MySQL schemas and applications can work using NDB Cluster, it is also true that unmodified applications and database schemas may be slightly incompatible or have suboptimal performance when run using NDB Cluster (see Section 18.1.6, “Known Limitations of NDB Cluster”). Most of these issues can be overcome, but this also means that you are very unlikely to be able to switch an existing application datastore—that currently uses, for example, MyISAM or InnoDB—to use the NDB storage engine without allowing for the possibility of changes in schemas, queries, and applications. In addition, the MySQL Server and NDB Cluster codebases diverge considerably, so that the standard mysqld cannot function as a drop-in replacement for the version of mysqld supplied with NDB Cluster.

兼容标准的MySQL 5.6版本：

虽然许多标准的MySQL模式和应用程序都可以使用NDB集群，但在使用NDB集群运行时，未修改的应用程序和数据库模式可能会有轻微的不兼容或有未达标准的性能(参见18.1.6，“NDB集群的已知限制”)。这些问题大部分都可以克服，但这也意味着您不太可能切换现有应用程序数据的用途，(例如，MyISAM或innodb)使用NDB存储引擎，而不考虑模式、查询和应用程序的更改的可能性。此外，MySQL服务器和NDB集群代码基的差异很大，因此标准的mysqld不能作为mysqld提供的版本，替代NDB集群。

NDB Cluster development source trees.  NDB Cluster development trees can also be accessed fromhttps://github.com/mysql/mysql-server.

The NDB Cluster development sources maintained at https://github.com/mysql/mysql-server are licensed under the GPL. For information about obtaining MySQL sources using Git and building them yourself, see Section 2.9.3, “Installing MySQL Using a Development Source Tree”.

Note

As with MySQL Server 5.6, NDB Cluster 7.3 and NDB Cluster 7.4 releases are built using CMake.

Currently, NDB Cluster 7.3 and NDB Cluster 7.4 releases are Generally Available (GA). We recommend that new deployments use NDB Cluster 7.4. NDB Cluster 7.1 and earlier versions are no longer in active development. For an overview of major features added in NDB Cluster 7.4, see Section 18.1.4.2, “What is New in NDB Cluster 7.4”. For similar information about NDB Cluster 7.3, see Section 18.1.4.1, “What is New in NDB Cluster 7.3”. For an overview of major features added in past NDB Cluster releases, see What is New in MySQL NDB Cluster 7.2. NDB Cluster 7.5 is also available as a Developer Preview for testing of new features; for more information, see MySQL NDB Cluster 7.5 and NDB Cluster 7.6.

NDB集群开发源码树：

也可以从https://github.com/mysql/mysql-server访问NDB集群开发树

在https://github.com/mysql/mysql-server中维护的NDB集群开发源在GPL下获得许可。有关使用Git获取MySQL源代码并自己构建的更多信息，请参见第2.9.3节“使用开发源代码树安装MySQL”。

注意

与MySQL服务器5.6一样，NDB集群7.3和NDB集群7.4版本是使用CMake构建的。

目前，NDB集群7.3和NDB集群7.4发布是通用可用版(GA)。我们建议新的部署使用NDB集群7.4。NDB集群7.1和更早版本已不再处于开发活跃阶段。关于NDB集群7.4中添加的主要特性的概述，请参见第18.1.4.2节“NDB集群7.4中的新内容”。有关NDB集群7.3的类似信息，请参见第18.1.4.1节“NDB集群7.3中的新内容”。对于过去NDB集群版本中添加的主要特性的概述，请参阅MySQL NDB集群7.2中的新特性。NDB集群7.5也可以作为开发人员预览，用于测试新特性;更多信息，请参阅MySQL NDB集群7.5和NDB集群7.6。

This chapter represents a work in progress, and its contents are subject to revision as NDB Cluster continues to evolve. Additional information regarding NDB Cluster can be found on the MySQL website at http://www.mysql.com/products/cluster/.

Additional Resources.  More information about NDB Cluster can be found in the following places:

• For answers to some commonly asked questions about NDB Cluster, see Section A.10, “MySQL 5.6 FAQ: NDB Cluster”.

• The NDB Cluster mailing list: http://lists.mysql.com/cluster.

• The NDB Cluster Forum: http://forums.mysql.com/list.php?25.

• Many NDB Cluster users and developers blog about their experiences with NDB Cluster, and make feeds of these available through PlanetMySQL.

这一章标识了一项正在进行中的工作，它的内容随着NDB集群的不断发展而持续修订。关于NDB集群的附加信息可以在MySQL网站http://www.mysql.com/products/cluster/上找到。 附加资源。

关于NDB集群的更多信息可以在以下地方找到: 关于NDB集群常见问题的解答，请参见Section A.10, “MySQL 5.6 FAQ: NDB Cluster”。

NDB集群邮件列表:http://lists.mysql.com/cluster.。

NDB集群论坛:http://forums.mysql.com/list.php?25.

许多NDB集群用户和开发者博客都记录了他们使用NDB集群的经验，并通过PlanetMySQL提供这些有用的提要