SpringMVC 环境搭建

SpringMVC 框架环境搭建操作步骤如下：

创建动态 Web 项目

配置 Tomcat 服务器

配置 SpringMVC 前端控制器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!-- 初始化 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/springMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- 配置Spring监听器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- 配置字符集编码过滤器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- 配置SpringMVC前端控制器 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- 表示启动容器时初始化该Servlet -->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

创建 SpringMVC 配置文件 springMVC-servlet.xml

SpringMVC 配置文件名命令规则 = 前端控制器名 + “-” + servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

	<!-- 开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven />

	<!-- 开启自动扫描Bean -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="" />

	<!-- 配置处理器映射(表示将请求的URL和Bean名字映射） -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping" />

	<!-- 配置处理器适配器（表示所有实现Controller接口的Bean可以作为处理器） -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter" />

	<!--配置视图解析器 -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="viewClass"
			value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
		<property name="prefix" value="" />
		<property name="suffix" value=".html" />
	</bean>

	<!-- 配置访问静态资源 -->
	<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
</beans>

启动 Tomcat 服务器

如果正常启动 Tomcat 服务器，则 SpringMVC 环境配置 OK！