JAVA使用netty建立websocket连接

依赖

  <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
        </dependency>

也用了

 <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.20</version>
        </dependency>

WebsocketNettyServerBootstrap.java

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.*;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerProtocolHandler;
import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;
 
/**
 * 服务启动类
 */
public class WebsocketNettyServerBootstrap {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            //创建服务器端的启动对象，配置参数
            ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            //设置两个线程组
            bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                    //使用NioServerSocketChannel 作为服务器的通道实现
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    //设置线程队列得到连接个数
                    .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128)
                    //设置保持活动连接状态
                    .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true)
                    //给workerGroup 的 EventLoop 对应的管道设置处理器
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
 
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
                            /**
                             * 因为基于http协议，使用http的编解码器
                             */
                            pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
 
                            /**
                             * 是以块方式写，添加 ChunkedWriteHandler 处理器
                             */
                            pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());
                            /**
                             * http数据传输过程是分段的，HttpObjectAggregator，就是可以将多段聚合
                             * 当浏览器发送大量数据时，就会发出多次http请求
                             */
                            pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8192));
                            /**
                             * 对于websocket数据是以 帧 形式传递
                             *  浏览器请求时 ws://localhost:7000/hello 其中 hello会与下面的对应
                             *  WebSocketServerProtocolHandler 核心功能是将http协议升级为ws协议，保持长链接
                             */
                            pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/hello"));
 
                            //自定义handler
                            pipeline.addLast(new TextWebsocketFrameHandler());
                        }
                    });
 
            //启动服务器并绑定一个端口并且同步生成一个 ChannelFuture 对象
            ChannelFuture cf = bootstrap.bind(7000).sync();
            if (cf.isSuccess()) {
                System.out.println("websocket server start---------------");
            }
 
            //对关闭通道进行监听
            cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            //发送异常关闭
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
 
        }
    }
}

TextWebsocketFrameHandler.java

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 
/**
 * TextWebSocketFrame 表示一个文本帧
 */
@Slf4j
public class TextWebsocketFrameHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> {
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, TextWebSocketFrame msg) throws Exception {
        log.info(">>>>>>>>>>>服务端收到消息：{}", msg.text());
 
        /**
         * 回复消息
         */
        ctx.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("服务器收到了,并返回："+msg.text()));
    }
 
    /**
     * 当web客户端连接后，触发方法
     * @param ctx
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        /**
         * 这个ID是唯一的
         */
        log.info(">>>>>>>>>>>> channelId:{} 连接",ctx.channel().id().asLongText());
 
        /**
         *  这个ID不是唯一的
         */
        log.info(">>>>>>>>>>>> channelId:{} 连接",ctx.channel().id().asShortText());
    }
 
    @Override
    public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        log.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>> channelId:{} 关闭了",ctx.channel().id().asLongText());
    }
 
    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        log.error(">>>>>>>>发送异常：{}",cause.getMessage());
        ctx.close();
    }
}