Android笔记（二十二） Android中的GridView

GridView和ListView一样，是Android中比较常见的布局控件，譬如我们的手机桌面其实就是一个GridView。

效果：

实现过程和ListView类似，也是通过Adapter将数据源展示在GridView中去，代码去下：

MainActivity.java

package cn.lixyz.gridviewtest;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.GridView;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener {

    private GridView gridView;
    private List<Map<String, Object>> dataList;
    private int[] icon = {R.drawable.address_book,
            R.drawable.calendar, R.drawable.camera, R.drawable.clock,
            R.drawable.games_control, R.drawable.messenger, R.drawable.ringtone,
            R.drawable.settings, R.drawable.speech_balloon, R.drawable.weather,
            R.drawable.world, R.drawable.youtube};
    private String[] iconName = {"通讯录", "日历", "照相机", "时钟", "游戏", "短信",
            "铃声", "设置", "语音", "天气", "浏览器", "视频"};
    private SimpleAdapter adapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        gridView = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridView);

        //1. 准备数据源
        //2. 新建适配器SimpleAdapter
        //3. GridView加载适配器
        //4. GridView配置监听器
        dataList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
        adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, getData(), R.layout.item,
                new String[]{"image", "text"}, new int[]{R.id.image, R.id.text});

        gridView.setAdapter(adapter);
        gridView.setOnItemClickListener(this);

    }

    private List<Map<String, Object>> getData() {

        for (int i = 0; i < icon.length; i++) {
            Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            map.put("image", icon[i]);
            map.put("text", iconName[i]);
            dataList.add(map);
        }

        return dataList;
    }

    @Override
    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
        Toast.makeText(this, "我是" + iconName[position], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    }
}

activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <!--
        android:numColumns  每一行显示多少列
        android:horizontalSpacing   两列之间的间距
        android:verticalSpacing     两行之间的间距
    -->

    <GridView
        android:id="@+id/gridView"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:horizontalSpacing="10dp"
        android:numColumns="3"
        android:verticalSpacing="10dp"

        />

</LinearLayout>

item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/image"
        android:layout_width="120dp"
        android:layout_height="120dp"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
        android:text="文字"
        android:textColor="#000000" />

</LinearLayout>

GridView还有共有以下属性可供开发时使用

属性名称	描述
android:columnWidth	设置列的宽度。关联的方法为：setColumnWidth(int)
android:gravity	设置此组件中的内容在组件中的位置。可选的值有：top、bottom、left、right、center_vertical、fill_vertical、center_horizontal、fill_horizontal、center、fill、clip_vertical 可以多选，用“|”分开。关联方法：setGravity (int gravity)
android:horizontalSpacing	两列之间的间距。关联方法：setHorizontalSpacing(int)
android:numColumns	列数。关联方法：setNumColumns(int)
android:stretchMode	缩放模式。关联方法：setStretchMode(int)
android:verticalSpacing	两行之间的间距。关联方法：setVerticalSpacing(int)