IPC 经典问题：Reader & Writer Problem

完整代码实现：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#define TOTAL_NUMBER 20
void *writer(void *param);
void *reader(void *param);

int reader_num = 0;
int writer_num = 0;
int reader_mutex = 0;
int unit[TOTAL_NUMBER] = {0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0};

sem_t wmutex;
sem_t mutex;

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    sem_init(&mutex,0,1);
    sem_init(&wmutex,0,1);

    for (int i = 0; i < TOTAL_NUMBER; i++){
        sleep(1);
        time_t t = time(NULL);
        struct tm tm = *localtime(&t);
        if(unit[i] == 0){
            pthread_t thread_id;
            pthread_create(&thread_id, NULL, reader, NULL);
            reader_num ++;
            printf("%d:%d:%d: Creating %dth reader.\n", tm.tm_hour, tm.tm_min, tm.tm_sec, reader_num);
        }else{
            pthread_t thread_id;
            pthread_create(&thread_id, NULL, writer, NULL);
            writer_num ++;
            printf("%d:%d:%d: Creating %dth writer.\n", tm.tm_hour, tm.tm_min, tm.tm_sec, writer_num);
        }
    }
}

void *reader(void *param) {
    time_t t = time(NULL);
    struct tm tm = *localtime(&t);
    printf("%d:%d:%d: NO.%u reader requires reading.\n", tm.tm_hour, tm.tm_min, tm.tm_sec, pthread_self());

    sem_wait(&mutex);
        reader_mutex ++;
        if(reader_mutex == 1){
            sem_wait(&wmutex);
        }
    sem_post(&mutex);
    // Read data
    t = time(NULL);
    tm = *localtime(&t);
    printf("%d:%d:%d: NO.%u reader begins to read.\n", tm.tm_hour, tm.tm_min, tm.tm_sec, pthread_self());
    sleep(1);
    t = time(NULL);
    tm = *localtime(&t);
    printf("%d:%d:%d: End of NO.%u reader for reading.\n", tm.tm_hour, tm.tm_min, tm.tm_sec, pthread_self());
    sem_wait(&mutex);
        reader_mutex --;
        if(reader_mutex == 0){
            sem_post(&wmutex);
        }
    sem_post(&mutex);
}

void *writer(void *param) {
    time_t t = time(NULL);
    struct tm tm = *localtime(&t);
    printf("%d:%d:%d: NO.%u writer requires writing.\n", tm.tm_hour, tm.tm_min, tm.tm_sec, pthread_self());

    sem_wait(&wmutex);
    // Write data
    t = time(NULL);
    tm = *localtime(&t);
    printf("%d:%d:%d: NO.%u writer begins to write.\n", tm.tm_hour, tm.tm_min, tm.tm_sec, pthread_self());
    sleep(6);
    t = time(NULL);
    tm = *localtime(&t);
    printf("%d:%d:%d: End of NO.%u writer for writing.\n", tm.tm_hour, tm.tm_min, tm.tm_sec, pthread_self());
    sem_post(&wmutex);
}