.net core使用rabbitmq消息队列 (二)
之前有写过.net core集成使用rabbitmq的博文，见.net core使用rabbitmq消息队列，但是里面的使用很简单，而且还有几个bug，想改下，但是后来想了想，还是算了，之前使用的是.net core 2.x，还是重新整理一遍吧！
由于代码比较多，我把代码传到gitee上了，地址见：https://gitee.com/shanfeng1000/dotnetcore-demo/tree/master/Rabbitmq
这是一个Demo项目，介绍.net core集成使用rabbitmq消息队列，使用的.net core 3.1，这里简单介绍：
生产者（AspNetCore.WebApi.Producer）
在Startup的ConfigureServices方法中添加相关rabbitmq的服务：
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
string[] hosts = new string[] { "192.168.209.133", "192.168.209.134", "192.168.209.135" };
int port = 5672;
string userName = "admin";
string password = "123456";
string virtualHost = "/";
var arguments = new Dictionary<string, object>() { { "x-queue-type", "classic" } }; #region 日志记录 services.AddLogging(builder =>
{
builder.SetMinimumLevel(LogLevel.Trace);
});
services.AddRabbitLogger(options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost; options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true; options.Category = "Home";
options.MinLevel = LogLevel.Trace;
options.ApplicationName = "AspNetCore.WebApi.Producer"; //队列模式
options.Queue = "queue.logger"; //交换机模式
//options.Exchange = "exchange.logger";
//options.RouteQueues = new RouteQueue[] { new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.logger", Route = "#" } };
//options.Type = RabbitExchangeType.Topic;
}); #endregion #region 普通模式 services.AddRabbitProducer("SimplePattern", options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost; options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true; options.InitializeCount = 3;
options.Queues = new string[] { "queue.simple" };
}); #endregion #region 工作模式 services.AddRabbitProducer("WorkerPattern", options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost; options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true; options.InitializeCount = 3;
options.Queues = new string[] { "queue.worker" };
}); #endregion #region 发布订阅模式 services.AddRabbitProducer("FanoutPattern", options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost; options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true; options.InitializeCount = 3;
options.RouteQueues = new RouteQueue[] { new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.fanout1" }, new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.fanout2" } };
options.Type = RabbitExchangeType.Fanout;
options.Exchange = "exchange.fanout";
}); #endregion #region 路由模式 services.AddRabbitProducer("DirectPattern", options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost; options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true; options.InitializeCount = 5;
options.Exchange = "exchange.direct";
options.Type = RabbitExchangeType.Direct;
options.RouteQueues = new RouteQueue[] { new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.direct1", Route = "direct1" }, new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.direct2", Route = "direct2" } };
}); #endregion #region 主题模式 services.AddRabbitProducer("TopicPattern", options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost; options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true; options.InitializeCount = 5;
options.RouteQueues = new RouteQueue[] { new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.topic1", Route = "topic1.#" }, new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.topic2", Route = "topic2.#" } };
options.Type = RabbitExchangeType.Topic;
options.Exchange = "exchange.topic";
}); #endregion ......
}
ConfigureServices
里面介绍了6中集成方式：
使用AddRabbitLogger方法添加日志相关的服务，需要注意的是，数据是以json格式发送到rabbitmq中去的，具体可以参考RabbitLoggerMessage<T>类，最好是自己发布测试就可以了，当然读者可以安装自己的需求修改RabbitLogger类中的发布逻辑。
使用AddRabbitProducer方法添加一个发布者，可以指定名称，这个名称是获取发布者对象时使用。这个方法添加的发布者可以满足rabbitmq的五种使用方式（普通模式，工作模式，发布订阅模式，路由模式，主题模式），具体由RabbitProducerOptions配置指定。
服务配置好，具体使用可以参考HomeController，日志记录可以注入ILogger<T>对象，或者注入ILoggerFactory对象，然后获取ILogger<T>对象，直接使用ILogger<T>对象的方法就是发布消息了：
/// <summary>
/// 日志
/// </summary>
/// <param name="message"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpGet]
public string Get(string message)
{
logger.LogTrace($"Trace:{message}");
logger.LogDebug($"Debug:{message}");
logger.LogInformation($"Information:{message}");
logger.LogWarning($"Warning:{message}");
logger.LogError($"Error:{message}");
logger.LogCritical($"Critical:{message}"); return "success";
至于另外五种模式，我们需要注入IRabbitProducerFactory对象，然后使用Create方法创建指定名称的发布者，然后调用Publish或者PublishAsync方法发布消息，而且他们都有几个重载。
需要注意的是，不同类型的生产者应该使用不同的Publish或者PublishAsync方法，比如普通模式和工作模式，因为他们没有路由参数，因此需要使用无路由参数的Publish方法，如：
/// <summary>
/// Simple
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpGet("Simple")]
public string Simple(string message = "Simple")
{
var producer = rabbitProducerFactory.Create("SimplePattern");
producer.Publish(message); return "success";
}
/// <summary>
/// Worker
/// </summary>
/// <param name="message"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpGet("Worker")]
public string Worker(string message = "Worker")
{
var producer = rabbitProducerFactory.Create("WorkerPattern");
int count = 10;
while (count-- > 0)
{
producer.Publish(message);
} return "success";
}
而发布订阅模式、路由模式、主题模式都是有路由的（发布订阅模式的路由可以认为是空值），因此需要使用带路由参数的Publish方法：
/// <summary>
/// Direct
/// </summary>
/// <param name="route"></param>
/// <param name="message"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpGet("Direct")]
public string Direct(string route = "direct1", string message = "Direct")
{
var producer = rabbitProducerFactory.Create("DirectPattern");
producer.Publish(route, message); return "success";
}
/// <summary>
/// Fanout
/// </summary>
/// <param name="message"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpGet("Fanout")]
public string Fanout(string message = "Fanout")
{
var producer = rabbitProducerFactory.Create("FanoutPattern");
producer.Publish("", message);//fanout模式路由为空值 return "success";
}
/// <summary>
/// Topic
/// </summary>
/// <param name="route"></param>
/// <param name="message"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpGet("Topic")]
public string Topic(string route = "topic1.a", string message = "Topic")
{
var producer = rabbitProducerFactory.Create("TopicPattern");
producer.Publish(route, message); return "success";
}
消费者（AspNetCore.WebApi.Consumer）
生产者和消费者不在同一个项目中，同样的，需要先在Startup的ConfigureServices方法中添加服务：
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
string[] hosts = new string[] { "192.168.209.133", "192.168.209.134", "192.168.209.135" };
int port = 5672;
string userName = "admin";
string password = "123456";
string virtualHost = "/";
var arguments = new Dictionary<string, object>() { { "x-queue-type", "classic" } }; #region 日志记录 services.AddRabbitConsumer(options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost; options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true; options.AutoAck = true; //options.FetchCount = 10;
//options.RouteQueues = new RouteQueue[] { new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.logger", Route = "#" } };//交换机模式
//options.Type = RabbitExchangeType.Topic;//交换机模式
}) //.AddListener("queue.logger", result =>
//{
// Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.logger:" + result.Body);
//}); .AddListener<RabbitConsumerListener>("queue.logger"); //.AddListener("exchange.logger", "queue.logger", result =>
//{
// Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.logger:" + result.Body);
//});//交换机模式 #endregion #region 普通模式 services.AddRabbitConsumer(options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost; options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true; //options.FetchCount = 1;
options.AutoAck = false;
}).AddListener("queue.simple", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.simple:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
});
#endregion #region 工作模式 services.AddRabbitConsumer(options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost; options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true; options.FetchCount = 2;
options.AutoAck = false;
}).AddListener("queue.worker", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.worker1:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
}).AddListener("queue.worker", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.worker2:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
});
#endregion #region 发布订阅模式 services.AddRabbitConsumer(options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost; options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true; options.FetchCount = 2;
options.AutoAck = false;
options.RouteQueues = new RouteQueue[] { new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.fanout1" }, new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.fanout2" } };
options.Type = RabbitExchangeType.Fanout;
}).AddListener("exchange.fanout", "queue.fanout1", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.fanout1:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
}).AddListener("exchange.fanout", "queue.fanout2", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.fanout2:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
}); #endregion #region 路由模式 services.AddRabbitConsumer(options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost; options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true; options.AutoAck = false;
options.FetchCount = 2;
options.Type = RabbitExchangeType.Direct;
options.RouteQueues = new RouteQueue[] { new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.direct1", Route = "direct1" }, new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.direct2", Route = "direct2" } };
}).AddListener("exchange.direct", "queue.direct1", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.direct1:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
}).AddListener("exchange.direct", "queue.direct2", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.direct2:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
}); #endregion #region 主题模式 services.AddRabbitConsumer(options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost; options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true; options.FetchCount = 2;
options.AutoAck = false;
options.RouteQueues = new RouteQueue[] { new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.topic1", Route = "topic1.#" }, new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.topic2", Route = "topic2.#" } };
options.Type = RabbitExchangeType.Topic;
}).AddListener("exchange.topic", "queue.topic1", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.topic1:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
}).AddListener("exchange.topic", "queue.topic2", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.topic2:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
}); #endregion ......
}
ConfigureServices
无论是日志的消费，还是其他五种模式的消费，都是先使用AddRabbitConsumer方法获取到一个IRabbitConsumerBuilder消费者构造对象，然后它的通过AddListener方法添加消息处理程序。
同样的，需要注意的是，普通模式和工作模式是不基于交换机的策略模式，因此需要使用不包含交换机参数的AddListener方法：
#region 普通模式
services.AddRabbitConsumer(options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost;
options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true;
//options.FetchCount = 1;
options.AutoAck = false;
}).AddListener("queue.simple", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.simple:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
});
#endregion
#region 工作模式
services.AddRabbitConsumer(options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost;
options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true;
options.FetchCount = 2;
options.AutoAck = false;
}).AddListener("queue.worker", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.worker1:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
}).AddListener("queue.worker", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.worker2:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
});
#endregion
而发布订阅模式、路由模式和主题模式都是基于交换机的策略模式，因此使用需要交换机参数的AddListener方法：
#region 发布订阅模式
services.AddRabbitConsumer(options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost;
options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true;
options.FetchCount = 2;
options.AutoAck = false;
options.RouteQueues = new RouteQueue[] { new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.fanout1" }, new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.fanout2" } };
options.Type = RabbitExchangeType.Fanout;
}).AddListener("exchange.fanout", "queue.fanout1", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.fanout1:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
}).AddListener("exchange.fanout", "queue.fanout2", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.fanout2:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
});
#endregion
#region 路由模式
services.AddRabbitConsumer(options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost;
options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true;
options.AutoAck = false;
options.FetchCount = 2;
options.Type = RabbitExchangeType.Direct;
options.RouteQueues = new RouteQueue[] { new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.direct1", Route = "direct1" }, new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.direct2", Route = "direct2" } };
}).AddListener("exchange.direct", "queue.direct1", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.direct1:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
}).AddListener("exchange.direct", "queue.direct2", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.direct2:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
});
#endregion
#region 主题模式
services.AddRabbitConsumer(options =>
{
options.Hosts = hosts;
options.Password = password;
options.Port = port;
options.UserName = userName;
options.VirtualHost = virtualHost;
options.Arguments = arguments;
options.Durable = true;
options.AutoDelete = true;
options.FetchCount = 2;
options.AutoAck = false;
options.RouteQueues = new RouteQueue[] { new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.topic1", Route = "topic1.#" }, new RouteQueue() { Queue = "queue.topic2", Route = "topic2.#" } };
options.Type = RabbitExchangeType.Topic;
}).AddListener("exchange.topic", "queue.topic1", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.topic1:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
}).AddListener("exchange.topic", "queue.topic2", result =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Message From queue.topic2:" + result.Body);
result.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
});
#endregion
另外，AddListener中的消息处理委托可以使用一个实现了IRabbitConsumerListener接口的类代替，如Demo中的RabbitConsumerListener：
public class RabbitConsumerListener : IRabbitConsumerListener
{
public Task ConsumeAsync(RecieveResult recieveResult)
{
Console.WriteLine("RabbitConsumerListener:" + recieveResult.Body);
recieveResult.Commit();
//result.RollBack();//回滚，参数表示是否重新消费
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
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