RMAN备份介质的移动与再恢复测试 [ catalog start with ‘dir’ ]
- --RMAN备份介质的移动与再恢复测试
- ---------------------------------------------------------2013/09/21
- 由于目前生产环境中没有集中的备份条件,所以备份要考虑到可以移动再恢复性.这里要测试的就是,RMAN全部备份的介质,我关注是否可以定期的移动到其他存储介质中,到要恢复的时候再拿过来.
- 1. 备份现有数据库和控制文件.
- RMAN> backup database include current controlfile;
- 2. 移走备份集,到另外的目录/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130920T235853_93tjxkb9_.bkp
- 3. 查看过期的备份介质.
- RMAN> report obsolete;
- RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
- RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1
- Report of obsolete backups and copies
- Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
- -------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
- Archive Log 1 15-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_15/o1_mf_1_2_93cc8thy_.arc
- Archive Log 2 15-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_15/o1_mf_1_3_93ck0mxm_.arc
- Archive Log 3 16-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_16/o1_mf_1_4_93ftwxqj_.arc
- Archive Log 4 19-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_19/o1_mf_1_5_93o9xt7k_.arc
- Backup Set 1 19-SEP-13
- Backup Piece 1 19-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/2013_09_19/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130919T011640_93odqb65_.bkp
- Archive Log 5 19-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_19/o1_mf_1_6_93qgls17_.arc
- Backup Set 2 19-SEP-13
- Backup Piece 2 19-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/2013_09_19/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20130919T011640_93odvkkc_.bkp
- Archive Log 6 19-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_19/o1_mf_1_7_93qh7sqx_.arc
- Archive Log 7 19-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_19/o1_mf_1_8_93qs3s52_.arc
- Archive Log 8 20-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_20/o1_mf_1_1_93qzp568_.arc
- Backup Set 3 19-SEP-13
- Backup Piece 3 19-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/autobackup/2013_09_19/o1_mf_s_826585286_93qs5xdg_.bkp
- Archive Log 15 20-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_20/o1_mf_1_1_93t8b5jm_.arc
- Backup Set 4 20-SEP-13
- Backup Piece 4 20-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/autobackup/2013_09_20/o1_mf_s_826666416_93t8gcfz_.bkp
- Backup Set 6 21-SEP-13
- Backup Piece 6 21-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/2013_09_21/o1_mf_ncnnf_TAG20130920T235853_93tkd6kk_.bkp
- 4. 删除过期的备份介质.
- RMAN> delete obsolete(nopormt指定无需确认立即删除)
- 5. 由于我们已经讲备份的介质移走了，但是RMAN的备份记录中依然存在，清除这些信息。
- RMAN> crosscheck backup;
- using channel ORA_DISK_1
- crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
- backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/2013_09_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130920T235853_93tjxkb9_.bkp RECID=5 STAMP=826675137
- crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
- backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/autobackup/2013_09_21/o1_mf_s_826675611_93tkdfgw_.bkp RECID=7 STAMP=826675613
- Crosschecked 2 objects
- 6. 删除过期的备份信息。
- RMAN> delete expired backup;
- using channel ORA_DISK_1
- List of Backup Pieces
- BP Key BS Key Pc# Cp# Status Device Type Piece Name
- ------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
- 5 5 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/2013_09_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130920T235853_93tjxkb9_.bkp
- Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes
- deleted backup piece
- backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/2013_09_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130920T235853_93tjxkb9_.bkp RECID=5 STAMP=826675137
- Deleted 1 EXPIRED objects
- 7. 关闭数据库删除控制文件和数据文件。
- 8. 启动数据库到nomount下，恢复控制文件。
- RMAN> startup nomount;
- Oracle instance started
- .
- .
- RMAN> restore controlfile from autobackup;
- Starting restore at 21-SEP-13
- allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
- channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK
- recovery area destination: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august
- database name (or database unique name) used for search: AUGUST
- channel ORA_DISK_1: AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/autobackup/2013_09_21/o1_mf_s_826675611_93tkdfgw_.bkp found in the recovery area
- channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20130921
- channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/autobackup/2013_09_21/o1_mf_s_826675611_93tkdfgw_.bkp
- channel ORA_DISK_1: control file restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
- output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/control01.ctl
- output file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/august/control02.ctl
- Finished restore at 21-SEP-13
- 9. 改变数据库到mount状态，从备份集中恢复数据库。
- RMAN> alter database mount;
- database mounted
- released channel: ORA_DISK_1
- RMAN> restore database from '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130920T235853_93tjxkb9_.bkp';
- Starting restore at 21-SEP-13
- Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 21-SEP-13
- allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
- channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK
- Crosschecked 6 objects
- Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 21-SEP-13
- Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 21-SEP-13
- using channel ORA_DISK_1
- Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 21-SEP-13
- searching for all files in the recovery area
- cataloging files...
- cataloging done
- List of Cataloged Files
- =======================
- File Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130920T235853_93tjxkb9_.bkp
- File Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_21/o1_mf_1_1_93tlk8cg_.arc
- File Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_21/o1_mf_1_4_93tlvr76_.arc
- File Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_21/o1_mf_1_2_93tlkfwz_.arc
- File Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_21/o1_mf_1_3_93tlkqgj_.arc
- File Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/autobackup/2013_09_20/o1_mf_s_826618674_93rss9os_.bkp
- File Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/autobackup/2013_09_21/o1_mf_s_826675611_93tkdfgw_.bkp
- using channel ORA_DISK_1
- RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
- RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
- RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
- RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 09/21/2013 00:46:57
- RMAN-06509: only SPFILE or control file can be restored from AUTOBACKUP
- --看提示是说oracle不能这样恢复数据库。
- 那如何使用这个备份集恢复呢？
- 10. 需要先将备份集catalog到RMAN备份记录中去。
- RMAN> catalog start with '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130920T235853_93tjxkb9_.bkp';
- searching for all files that match the pattern /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130920T235853_93tjxkb9_.bkp
- no files found to be unknown to the database
- --查看现有的备份信息，此备份集已经能够被识别了。
- RMAN> list backup of database;
- List of Backup Sets
- ===================
- BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
- ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
- 5 Full 953.57M DISK 00:07:36 21-SEP-13
- BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20130920T235853
- Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130920T235853_93tjxkb9_.bkp
- List of Datafiles in backup set 5
- File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
- ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
- 1 Full 859599 20-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/system01.dbf
- 2 Full 859599 20-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/sysaux01.dbf
- 3 Full 859599 20-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/undotbs01.dbf
- 4 Full 859599 20-SEP-13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/users01.dbf
- 11. 将备份集信息编目后，就可以使用restore开始恢复数据库了。
- RMAN> restore database;
- Starting restore at 21-SEP-13
- using channel ORA_DISK_1
- channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
- channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
- channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/system01.dbf
- channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/sysaux01.dbf
- channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/undotbs01.dbf
- channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/users01.dbf
- channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130920T235853_93tjxkb9_.bkp
- channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/backupset/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130920T235853_93tjxkb9_.bkp tag=TAG20130920T235853
- channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
- channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:05:36
- Finished restore at 21-SEP-13
- 12. 进行介质恢复。
- RMAN> recover database;
- Starting recover at 21-SEP-13
- using channel ORA_DISK_1
- starting media recovery
- archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_21/o1_mf_1_1_93tlk8cg_.arc
- archived log for thread 1 with sequence 2 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_21/o1_mf_1_2_93tlkfwz_.arc
- archived log for thread 1 with sequence 3 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_21/o1_mf_1_3_93tlkqgj_.arc
- archived log for thread 1 with sequence 4 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_21/o1_mf_1_4_93tlvr76_.arc
- archived log for thread 1 with sequence 5 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/redo02.log
- archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_21/o1_mf_1_1_93tlk8cg_.arc thread=1 sequence=1
- archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_21/o1_mf_1_2_93tlkfwz_.arc thread=1 sequence=2
- archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_21/o1_mf_1_3_93tlkqgj_.arc thread=1 sequence=3
- archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/august/AUGUST/archivelog/2013_09_21/o1_mf_1_4_93tlvr76_.arc thread=1 sequence=4
- archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/august/august/redo02.log thread=1 sequence=5
- media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:24
- Finished recover at 21-SEP-13
- RMAN> alter database open;
- RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
- RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
- RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
- RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 09/21/2013 01:45:51
- ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open
- RMAN> alter database open noresetlogs;
- RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
- RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
- RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
- RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands
- RMAN-01009: syntax error: found "identifier": expecting one of: "resetlogs, ;"
- RMAN-01008: the bad identifier was: noresetlogs
- RMAN-01007: at line 1 column 21 file: standard input
- RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
- database opened
- --之前讲过，在使用了备份的控制文件进行恢复之后，是需要用resetlogs方式打开的。
- 所以总结来说，利用备份集的移动是没有问题的，恢复时只需要重新编目到备份集信息中即可。 [catalog start with ‘dir’]
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