Maven常用插件整理

maven内置变量

${basedir}表示项目根目录,即包含pom.xml文件的目录;
 
${version}表示项目版本;
 
${project.basedir}同${basedir};
 
${project.baseUri}表示项目文件地址;
 
${maven.build.timestamp}表示项目构件开始时间;
 
${maven.build.timestamp.format}表示属性${maven.build.timestamp}的展示格式,默认值为yyyyMMdd-HHmm,可自定义其格式,其类型可参考java.text.SimpleDateFormat。

　${project.build.directory}表示主源码路径;

　${project.build.sourceEncoding}表示主源码的编码格式;

　${project.build.sourceDirectory}表示主源码路径;

　${project.build.finalName}表示输出文件名称;

${project.version}表示项目版本,与${version}相同;

• ${project.xxx} 当前pom文件的任意节点的内容
• ${env.xxx} 获取系统环境变量。
• ${settings.xxx} 指代了settings.xml中对应元素的值。

1.maven-compiler-plugin

　　设置maven编译的jdk版本，maven3默认用jdk1.5，maven2默认用jdk1.3

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.1</version>
    <configuration>
        <source>1.8</source> <!-- 源代码使用的JDK版本 -->
        <target>1.8</target> <!-- 需要生成的目标class文件的编译版本 -->
        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding><!-- 字符集编码 -->
        <skipTests>true</skipTests><!-- 跳过测试 -->
    </configuration>
</plugin>

2.maven-jar-plugin

<!-- 打包jar文件时，配置manifest文件，加入lib包的jar依赖 -->
<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
    <configuration>
        <classesDirectory>target/classes/</classesDirectory>
        <archive>
            <manifest>
                <mainClass>com.alibaba.dubbo.container.Main</mainClass>
                <!-- 打包时 MANIFEST.MF文件不记录的时间戳版本 -->
                <!--自动加载META-INF/spring目录下的所有Spring配置-->
                <useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions>
                <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
            </manifest>
            <manifestEntries>
                <Class-Path>.</Class-Path>
            </manifestEntries>
        </archive>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

3.maven-source-plugin

打包源码

注意：在多项目构建中，将source-plugin置于顶层或parent的pom中并不会发挥作用，必须置于具体项目的pom中。

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>attach-sources</id>
            <goals>
                <goal>jar</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

4.maven-resource-plugin

说明：该插件处理项目的资源文件拷贝到输出目录。可以分别处理main resources 和 test resources。

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.1</version>
    <configuration>
          <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
     </configuration>
 </plugin>

5.maven-dependency-plugin

自动拷贝jar包到target目录

<!-- 依赖插件 -->
<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.6</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>copy-dependencies</id>
            <phase>compile</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
                <!-- ${project.build.directory}为Maven内置变量，缺省为target -->
                <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>
                <!-- 表示是否不包含间接依赖的包 -->
                <excludeTransitive>false</excludeTransitive>
                <!-- 表示复制的jar文件去掉版本信息 -->
                <stripVersion>true</stripVersion>
            </configuration>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>  

6.maven-assembly-plugin

该插件允许用户整合项目的输出,包括依赖,模块,网站文档和其他文档到一个单独的文档，即可用定制化打包。

创建的文档格式包括:zip, tar, tar.gz(tgz), gar.bz2(tbgz2), jar, dir,war 等等。四种预定义的描述器可用：bin, jar-with-dependencies, src, project.

      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.0</version>
        <configuration>
          <descriptorRefs>
            <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
          </descriptorRefs>
        </configuration>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>make-assembly</id> <!-- this is used for inheritance merges -->
            <phase>package</phase> <!-- bind to the packaging phase -->
            <goals>
              <goal>single</goal>
            </goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>

<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-2.0.0.xsd">
  <id>bin</id>
  <formats>
    <format>tar.gz</format>
    <format>tar.bz2</format>
    <format>zip</format>
  </formats>
  <fileSets>
    <fileSet>
      <directory>${project.basedir}</directory>
      <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
      <includes>
        <include>README*</include>
        <include>LICENSE*</include>
        <include>NOTICE*</include>
      </includes>
    </fileSet>
    <fileSet>
      <directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
      <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
      <includes>
        <include>*.jar</include>
      </includes>
    </fileSet>
    <fileSet>
      <directory>${project.build.directory}/site</directory>
      <outputDirectory>docs</outputDirectory>
    </fileSet>
  </fileSets>
</assembly>

<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-2.0.0.xsd">
  <!-- TODO: a jarjar format would be better -->
  <id>jar-with-dependencies</id>
  <formats>
    <format>jar</format>
  </formats>
  <includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>
  <dependencySets>
    <dependencySet>
      <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
      <useProjectArtifact>true</useProjectArtifact>
      <unpack>true</unpack>
      <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependencySet>
  </dependencySets>
</assembly>

<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-2.0.0.xsd">
  <id>src</id>
  <formats>
    <format>tar.gz</format>
    <format>tar.bz2</format>
    <format>zip</format>
  </formats>
  <fileSets>
    <fileSet>
      <directory>${project.basedir}</directory>
      <includes>
        <include>README*</include>
        <include>LICENSE*</include>
        <include>NOTICE*</include>
        <include>pom.xml</include>
      </includes>
      <useDefaultExcludes>true</useDefaultExcludes>
    </fileSet>
    <fileSet>
      <directory>${project.basedir}/src</directory>
      <useDefaultExcludes>true</useDefaultExcludes>
    </fileSet>
  </fileSets>
</assembly>