C++实现红黑树，仿STL封装

 //RB_Tree.hpp
 //The code of red black trees
 //2011/12/31    by Adoo
 // The foundation :http://www.roading.org/?p=691
 
 #ifndef RB_TREES_HPP
 #define RB_TREES_HPP
 #include<iterator>
 #include<iomanip>
 #include<deque>
 enum RB_Color{
     red,
     black
 };
 template<typename Type>
 class RB_Tree{
 private:
     struct rb_node;
     class node_iterator;
 public:
     typedef  node_iterator iterator;
     typedef const node_iterator const_iterator;
 
     RB_Tree(){
         _nil->_color=black;
         _root=_nil;
     };
     ~RB_Tree()
     {
         for(iterator iter=begin(); iter !=end();)
         {
             eraser(iter++);
         }
         _root=_nil;
     }
     iterator begin(){
         return sub_min(_root);
     }
     iterator end(){
         return iterator(_nil);
     }
     static iterator sub_min(iterator iter){
             rb_node  *min=iter.pointer();
              while(min->_left !=_nil)
             {
                 min=min->_left;
             }
             return min;
     }
     iterator insert(Type value){
         rb_node *y=_nil;
         rb_node *z=new rb_node;            //create a node by the value
         //needn't set the z's color ,because red is rb_node's default color
         z->_value=value;
         z->_left=_nil;
         z->_right=_nil;
 
         rb_node* x=_root;                                      //x iterator from _root
         while(x !=_nil )
         {
             y=x;
             if(x->_value< z->_value)
                 x=x->_right;
             else
                 x=x->_left;
         }
         z->_parent=y;
         if(y==_nil)       //determine z should be y's left or right
             _root=z;
         else
             if(y->_value < z->_value)
                 y->_right=z;
             else
                 y->_left=z;
 
         rb_insert_fixup(z);   //restore the red black properties
         return z;
     }
     iterator eraser(iterator iter){
         rb_node* z=iter.pointer();
         rb_node* y=z;
         RB_Color y_color=y->_color;
         rb_node *x=NULL;
 
         if(z->_left==_nil ){ //case1: z's left child is nil
             x=z->_right;
             transplant(z, z->_right);
         }
         else{
             if(z->_right==_nil){// case2: z's right child is nil
                 x=z->_left;
                 transplant(z, z->_left);
             }
             else{//case3: both children of z are not nil
                 y=sub_min(z->_right).pointer();
                 y_color=y->_color;
                 x=y->_right;
                 if(y->_parent==z)
                     x->_parent=y;
                 else{
                     transplant(y, y->_right);
                     //link z's right subtree into y, only y isn't z's child;
                     y->_right=z->_right;
                     y->_right->_parent=y;
                 }
                 transplant(z, y);
                 //link z's subtree into y.
                 y->_left=z->_left;
                 y->_left->_parent=y;
                 y->_color=z->_color;
             }
         }
         iterator result = ++iterator(z);
         delete z;
         if(y_color==black)
             eraser_fixup(x);
         return result;
     };
 
 private:
     void transplant(rb_node *u, rb_node *v){
         if(u->_parent == _nil)
         {
             _root=v;
         }
         else
             if(u== u->_parent->_left)
                 u->_parent->_left=v;
             else
                 u->_parent->_right=v;
         v->_parent=u->_parent;
     };
     void left_rotate(rb_node *x){
         rb_node*  y=x->_right;            //set y
         x->_right=y->_left;                 //turn y's left subtree into x's right subtree
         if(y->_left !=_nil)
             y->_left->_parent=x;
         y->_parent=x->_parent;         //link y to x's parent
         if(x->_parent != _nil )
         {
             if(x->_parent->_left==x)
                 x->_parent->_left=y;
             else
                 x->_parent->_right=y;
         }
         else
             _root=y;
         y->_left=x;                               //put x on y's left
         x->_parent=y;
     }
     void right_rotate(rb_node *x)
     {
         rb_node* y=x->_left;            //set y;
         x->_left=y->_right;               //turn y's right subtree into x's left subtree
         if(y->_right != _nil)
             y->_right->_parent=x;
         y->_parent=x->_parent;        //link y to x's parent
         if(x->_parent != _nil)
         {
             if(x==x->_parent->_left)
                 x->_parent->_left=y;
             else
                 x->_parent->_right=y;
         }
         else
             _root=y;
         y->_right=x;            //put x on y's right;
         x->_parent=y;
     }
     void rb_insert_fixup(rb_node* z){
         while(z->_parent->_color==red){
             if(z->_parent==z->_parent->_parent->_left){
                 rb_node* y=z->_parent->_parent->_right;
                 if(y->_color==red){
                     z->_parent->_color=black;
                     y->_color=black;
                     z->_parent->_parent->_color=red;
                     z=z->_parent->_parent;
                 }
                 else{
                     if(z==z->_parent->_right){
                         z=z->_parent;
                         left_rotate(z);
                     }
                     z->_parent->_color=black;
                     z->_parent->_parent->_color=red;
                     right_rotate(z->_parent->_parent);
                 }
             }
             else{
                 rb_node* y=z->_parent->_parent->_left;
                 if(y->_color==red){
                     z->_parent->_color=black;
                     y->_color=black;
                     z->_parent->_parent->_color=red;
                     z=z->_parent->_parent;
                 }
                 else{
                     if(z==z->_parent->_left){
                         z=z->_parent;
                         right_rotate(z);
                     }
                     z->_parent->_color=black;
                     z->_parent->_parent->_color=red;
                     left_rotate(z->_parent->_parent);
                 }
             }
         }
         _root->_color=black;
     };;
     void eraser_fixup(rb_node* x){
         while(x != _root && x->_color ==black){
             if(x==x->_parent->_left){
                 rb_node* w=x->_parent->_right;
                 if(w->_color == red){               //case 1:  x's sbling w is red.
                     x->_parent->_color=red;
                     w->_color=black;
                     left_rotate(x->_parent);       //convert case 1 to case 2.
                 }
                 else{//case 2 : x's sbling w is black.
                     if(w->_left->_color == black && w->_right->_color == black){
                         //case 2.1 : both children of w are black
                         w->_color=red;
                         x=x->_parent;
                     }
                     else{
                         if(w->_left->_color==red && w->_right->_color==black){
                             //case 2.2: w's left child is red and w's right child is black.
                             //we convert this case to case 2.3.
                             w->_left->_color=black;
                             w->_color=red;
                             right_rotate(w);
                             w=x->_parent->_right;
                         }
                         //case 2.3: w's right child is red;
                         w->_color=x->_parent->_color;
                         w->_parent->_color=black;
                         w->_right->_color= black;
                         left_rotate(x->_parent);
                         x=_root; //terminate the loop;
                     }
                 }
             }
             else{
                 rb_node* w=x->_parent->_right;
                 if(w->_color == red){
                     x->_parent->_color=red;
                     w->_color=black;
                     left_rotate(x->_parent);
                 }
                 else{
                     if(w->_right->_color == black && w->_left->_color == black){
                         w->_color=red;
                         x=x->_parent;
                     }
                     else{
                         if(w->_right->_color==red && w->_left->_color == black){
                             w->_right->_color=black;
                             w->_color=red;
                             left_rotate(w);
                             w=x->_parent->_left;
                         }
                         w->_color=x->_parent->_color;
                         w->_parent->_color=black;
                         w->_left->_color= black;
                         right_rotate(x->_parent);
                         x=_root; //terminate the loop;
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
         x->_color=black;
     };
 
 private:
     rb_node* _root;
 public:
     static rb_node* _nil;
 };
 
 template<typename Type>
 struct RB_Tree<Type>::rb_node
 {
         Type _value;
         rb_node  *_left;
         rb_node  *_right;
         rb_node  *_parent;
         RB_Color _color;
         rb_node()
             :_value(Type()),_left(NULL),_right(NULL),_parent(NULL),_color(red)
         {};
     };
 
 template<typename Type>
 class RB_Tree<Type>::node_iterator:
     public std::iterator<std::bidirectional_iterator_tag ,rb_node>
 {
 public:
     node_iterator(rb_node* n): _node(n){};
 
  Type& operator* () const{
         return _node->_value;
     };
 
     rb_node* operator ->()const
     {
         return _node;
     };
 
     node_iterator operator++ ()
     {
         if(_node==RB_Tree<Type>::_nil)
             return _node;
         if(_node->_right!=RB_Tree<Type>::_nil)
         {
             *this=RB_Tree<Type>::sub_min(_node->_right);
         }
         else
         {
             rb_node *parent=_node->_parent;
             while(parent !=RB_Tree<Type>::_nil&& _node==parent->_right)
             {
                 _node=parent;
                 parent=parent->_parent;
             }
             _node=parent;
         }
         return *this;
     }
 
     node_iterator operator++(int){
         node_iterator ret(*this);
         ++*this;
         return ret;
     }
 
     bool operator ==( node_iterator r_iter)
     {
        return _node == r_iter._node;
     };
 
     bool operator !=( node_iterator r_iter){
          return _node != r_iter._node;
     }
 
     rb_node* pointer()
     {
         return _node;
     }
 private:
     rb_node* _node;
 };
 #endif
 //各种

转载自：http://www.roading.org/algorithm/introductiontoalgorithm/c%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E7%BA%A2%E9%BB%91%E6%A0%91%EF%BC%8C%E4%BB%BFstl%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85.html