项目构建之maven篇:2.HelloWorld项目构建过程

文件结构说明:

项目构建生命周期：

清理

编译

測试

打包

执行

部署

清理与编译

hello\pom.xml

POM:Project Object Model,项目对象模型

pom.xml与ant的build.xml类似

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.demo.hello</groupId>
	<artifactId>hello-world</artifactId>
	<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>hello</name>
</project>

说明:

modelVersion:指定当前POM模型的版本号,Maven2及Maven3仅仅能是4.0.0

groupId:项目组名称

artifactId:当前Maven项目在组中的唯一的id

version:版本号

hello\src\main\java下的Hello.java

package com.demo ;
public class Hello {
	public void sayHi(){
		System.out.println("hello world");
	}
	public static void main(String [] args){
		new Hello().sayHi();
	}
}

执行清理及编译命令:

进入hello的目录路径,执行

mvn clean compile

执行结果

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查看target目录的内容

查看本地仓库

測试:

hello\pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.demo.hello</groupId>
	<artifactId>hello-world</artifactId>
	<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>hello</name>
	<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

	  <dependencies>
		<dependency>
		  <groupId>junit</groupId>
		  <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
		  <version>4.10</version>
		  <scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	  </dependencies>
</project>

dependencies:指明这个项目所须要的依赖包

hello\src\test\java\HelloTest.java

package com.demo;

import org.junit.Test;

public class HelloTest {
	@Test
	public void testHello(){
		new Hello().sayHi();
	}
}

执行測试命令

mvn clean test

查看结果

查看本地仓库

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打包

执行命令

mvn clean package

查看结果

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执行

又一次改造pom.xml，增加插件

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.demo.hello</groupId>
	<artifactId>hello-world</artifactId>
	<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>hello</name>
	<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

	  <dependencies>
		<dependency>
		  <groupId>junit</groupId>
		  <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
		  <version>4.10</version>
		  <scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	  </dependencies>

	  <build>
    <plugins>
  	  <plugin>
  	    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
  	    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
  	    <configuration>
  	      <source>1.5</source>
  	      <target>1.5</target>
  	    </configuration>
  	  </plugin>
  	  <plugin>
  	    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
  	    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
  	    <version>1.2.1</version>
  	    <executions>
  	      <execution>
  	        <phase>package</phase>
  	        <goals>
  	          <goal>shade</goal>
  	        </goals>
  	        <configuration>
  	          <transformers>
  	            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
  	              <mainClass>com.demo.Hello</mainClass>
  	            </transformer>
  	          </transformers>
  	        </configuration>
  	      </execution>
  	    </executions>
  	  </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

又一次执行打包命令:

mvn clean package

执行完成后,进入hello/target下,执行命令

java -jar hello-world-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar

查看结果:

安装到本地仓库，供其他项目依赖

执行命令

mvn clean install

查看本地仓库

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源码下载