iOS自动化探索（三）WebDriverAgent Python Client

之前我们在终端试着调用过WDA API， 今天我们在看一个Python封装的api库

https://github.com/openatx/facebook-wda

安装方式（一）:

pip install --pre facebook-wda

安装方式（二）:

git clone https://github.com/openatx/facebook-wda.git
cd facebook-wda/
python setup.py install

用Xcode开启WDA 会话， 然后再编写和执行脚本

import wda

# Enable debug will see http Request and Response
# wda.DEBUG = True

# get env from $DEVICE_URL if no arguments pass to wda.Client
# http://localhost:8100 is the default value if $DEVICE_URL is empty
c = wda.Client()

# Show Status
print c.status()

输出：

/usr/bin/python2. /Users/jackey/Documents/iOS/code/iOS-Auto/Python_Client/Python_Client.py
{u'ios': {u'ip': u'192.168.1.101', u'simulatorVersion': u'11.2.1'}, u'state': u'success', u'os': {u'version': u'11.2.1', u'name': u'iOS'}, u'build': {u'time': u'Dec 25 2018 11:48:43'}, u'sessionId': u'24AFBCFD-8CA0-4E4F-BEC3-21AD1170D880'}

Process finished with exit code 

返回Home Screen

# Press home button
c.home()

截屏

# Take a screenshot
c.screenshot('screen.png')

打开和关闭app

# Open app
s = c.session('NOVA.ProductDemo')

# print app oritation
print s.orientation

# Close app
s.close()

还可用一下方式代替上面的代码:

with c.session('NOVA.ProductDemo') as s:
    print s.orientation
    

使用浏览器打开指定网站， 然后关闭

# 使用safari浏览器打开百度
s = c.session('com.apple.mobilesafari',['-u', 'http://www.baidu.com'])
print s.orientation

# 关闭浏览器
s.close()

打印app的bundle_id和sessionid

# open app
s = c.session('NOVA.ProductDemo')

# Current bundleId and session Id
print s.bundle_id, s.id

输出:

/usr/bin/python2. /Users/jackey/Documents/iOS/code/iOS-Auto/Python_Client/Python_Client.py
NOVA.ProductDemo E56C8902-DDB6-485A-8B0B-AA907CF55C59

Process finished with exit code 

截屏保存为png

# Screenshot return PIL.Image
# Requires pillow, installed by "pip install pillow"
s.screenshot().save("s.png")

截屏并旋转90度

from PIL import Image
s.screenshot().transpose(Image.ROTATE_90).save("correct.png")

调整显示方向

# Open url with safari
s = c.session('com.apple.mobilesafari',['-u','http://www.baidu.com'])
print s.orientation

# Wait 5s
time.sleep()

# Print orientation
print s.orientation

# Change orientation
s.orientation = wda.LANDSCAPE

获取屏幕尺寸

# Get width and height
print s.window_size()

模拟touch

# Simulate touch
s.tap(, )

Click, 类似tap, 但支持小数

s.click(, )
s.click(0.5, 0.5) # click center of screen
s.click(0.5, ) # click center of x, and y()

滑动

# Simulate swipe, utilizing drag api
# 从(x1,y1)划向(x2,y2)
s.swipe(x1, y1, x2, y2, 0.5) # .5s
# 从屏幕右边往左划
s.swipe_left()
# 从屏幕左边往右划
s.swipe_right()
# 从屏幕底部往上划
s.swipe_up()
# 从屏幕顶部往上划
s.swipe_down()

长按

# tap hold
s.tap_hold(x, y, 1.0)

关闭键盘

# Hide keyboard (not working in simulator), did not success using latest WDA
s.keyboard_dismiss()

查找元素element

# For example, expect: True or False
# using id to find element and check if exists
s(id="URL").exists # return True or False

# using id or other query conditions
s(id='URL')
s(name='URL')
s(text="URL") # text is alias of name
s(nameContains='UR')
s(label='Address')
s(labelContains='Addr')
s(name='URL', index=) # find the second element. index starts from 

# combines search conditions
# attributes bellow can combines
# :"className", "name", "label", "visible", "enabled"
s(className='Button', name='URL', visible=True, labelContains="Addr")

高阶查询

s(xpath='//Button[@name="URL"]')
s(classChain='**/Button[`name == "URL"`]')
s(predicate='name LIKE "UR*"')
s('name LIKE "U*L"') # predicate is the first argument, without predicate= is ok

例如:

# Open app
s = c.session('NOVA.ProductDemo')
print s.window_size()
s.click(,)
e = s(text='京东超市').get(timeout=)

如果提示：

UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe4 in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)

需要在代码中添加：

import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')

或者在所有中文字符串前加上u, 比如u'白色'

元素操作: (点击、滑动、设置文本...)

举例:

# Open app
s = c.session('NOVA.ProductDemo')
print s.window_size()
s.click(,)
e = s(text='京东超市').get(timeout=)
e.tap() # tap element

如果每次都先用get获取element， 再执行操作代码比较冗余

可以按如下方式使用， 省去get

s(text='京东超市').tap()

但如果想要获取元素的属性， 就必须先使用get方法

print s(text='京东超市').get().value

先判断存在再点击

s(text='京东超市').click_exists() # 如果没有找到标签则立即返回
s(text='京东超市').click_exists(timeout=5.0) # 等待5s

判断标签是否存在

# 判断标签是否存在
print s(text='京东超市').exists

找到所有匹配的标签

# 找到所有匹配的标签， 返回数组
e_array = s(text='京东超市').find_elements()
print len(e_array)

用脚标获取指定匹配的元素

# 找第二个匹配的元素
print s(text='京东超市')[].exists

获取属性

print s(text='京东超市').text
print s(text='京东超市').class_name
print s(text='京东超市').value
print s(text='京东超市').bounds

输出

京东超市
None
None
Rect(x=, y=, width=, height=)

其他操作

# Use child to search sub elements
s(text='Dashboard').child(className='Cell').exists

# Default timeout is  seconds
# But you can change by
s.set_timeout(10.0)

# do element operations
e.tap()
e.click() # alias of tap
e.clear_text()
e.set_text("Hello world")
e.tap_hold(2.0) # tapAndHold for .0s

e.scroll() # scroll to make element visiable

# directions can be "up", "down", "left", "right"
# swipe distance default to its height or width according to the direction
e.scroll('up')

# Set text
e.set_text("Hello WDA") # normal usage
e.set_text("Hello WDA\n") # send text with enter
e.set_text("\b\b\b") # delete  chars

# Wait element gone
s(text='Dashboard').wait_gone(timeout=10.0)

# Swipe
s(className="Image").swipe("left")

# Pinch
s(className="Map").pinch(, ) # scale=, speed=
s(className="Map").pinch(0.1, -) # scale=0.1, speed=- (I donot very understand too)

# properties (bool)
e.accessible
e.displayed
e.enabled

# properties (str)
e.text # ex: Dashboard
e.className # ex: XCUIElementTypeStaticText
e.value # ex: github.com

# Bounds return namedtuple
rect = e.bounds # ex: Rect(x=, y=, width=88.0, height=27.0)
rect.x # expect 

Alert操作

print s.alert.exists
print s.alert.text
s.alert.accept() # Actually do click first alert button
s.alert.dismiss() # Actually do click second alert button
s.alert.wait() # if alert apper in  second it will return True,else return False (default 20.0)
s.alert.wait() # wait alert apper in  second

s.alert.buttons()
# example return: ["设置", "好"]

s.alert.click("设置")

自动处理alert

import wda

s = wda.Client().session()

def _alert_callback(session):
    session.alert.accept()

s.set_alert_callback(_alert_callback)

# do operations, when alert popup, it will auto accept
s(type="Button").click()

最后给个演示百度搜索的例子:

# -*-coding:utf- -*-

import wda

# Create WDA Client
my_drive = wda.Client()

# Open www.baidu.com with safari
my_session = my_drive.session('com.apple.mobilesafari',['-u','https://www.baidu.com'])

# Set text
my_session(className = 'SearchField').set_text(u'白色')

# Click Search Button
my_session(text = u'百度一下').click()