c++ 备忘录模式（memento）

备忘录模式：在不破坏封装性的前提下，捕获一个对象的内部状态，并在该对象之外保存这个状态。这样以后就可将该对象恢复到原先保存的状态[DP]。举个简单的例子，我们玩游戏时都会保存进度，所保存的进度以文件的形式存在。这样下次就可以继续玩，而不用从头开始。这里的进度其实就是游戏的内部状态，而这里的文件相当于是在游戏之外保存状态。这样，下次就可以从文件中读入保存的进度，从而恢复到原来的状态。这就是备忘录模式。

给出备忘录模式的UML图，以保存游戏的存档为例。

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" alt="" width="559" height="183" />

代码如下：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

class Memento
{
public:
    int m_score;                 //分数
    int m_grade;             //等级
    string m_equipment ; //装备
public:
    Memento(int score,int grade,string equipment):m_score(score),m_grade(grade),m_equipment(equipment)
    {

    }
    Memento& operator=(const Memento &memento)
    {
        m_score = memento.m_score;
        m_grade = memento.m_grade;
        m_equipment = memento.m_equipment;
        return *this;
    }
};

class GamePlayer
{
public:
    GamePlayer():m_score(),m_grade(),m_equipment("无装备")
    {

    }
    void load(Memento memento)
    {
        m_score = memento.m_score;
        m_grade = memento.m_grade;
        m_equipment = memento.m_equipment;
    }
    Memento  save()
    {
        Memento memento(m_score,m_grade,m_equipment);
        return memento;
    }
    void show()
    {
        cout << "score: " <<m_score <<endl;
        cout << "grade: " <<m_grade <<endl;
        cout << "equipment :" <<m_equipment <<endl;
     }
private:
    int m_score;                 //分数
    int m_grade;                 //等级
    string m_equipment ; //装备

};

class Archive
{
public:
    Archive()
    {

    }
    void addItem(Memento memento)
    {
        m_mementArray.push_back(memento);
    }
    Memento Load(int state)
    {
        return m_mementArray[state];
    }
private:
    std::vector<Memento> m_mementArray;
};

主函数：

#include "memento.h"

int main()
{
    Archive archive;
    GamePlayer player;
    player.show();            //玩家初始化装备 

    Memento memento(,,"青龙偃月刀");  //玩家装备记录
    player.load(memento);
    player.show();
    archive.addItem(memento);   //存档游戏
    system("pause");
    return ;
}